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47 results for “Noctilio”
FIGURE 16 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 16. Distributional maps of Noctiliostrebla species (continued). A. N. ecuadorensis sp. n. B. N. guerreroi sp. n. C. N. falsispina sp. n. D. N. lamasi sp. n.
FIGURE 4 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 4. Noctiliostrebla dubia (Rudow), ♀ paralectotype (ZMUH) and lectotype ♂ (ZMUH) (photos kindly taken by Drs Kai Schütte and Frank Wieland, ZMUH). A. Detail of posterior portion of female thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe and sternite II. B. Female tergite VII (with setae insertions) and epiproct in dorsal view. C. Detail of male abdomen in dorsal view, showing sternite II. D. Detail of male abdomen in dorsolateral view, showing syntergite I+II and hypopygium. E. Male genitalia in lateral view. F. Slide with both specimens and labels with identifications made by Rudow (labels on the slide) and by Wenzel (label outside of the slide). G. Detail of label with identification made by Speiser. Abbreviations: emar., emargination of sternite II; i.l.m., inner lateral margin; l.l., lateral lobe of syntergite I+II; mts.l., metasternal lobe; sp.I, spiracle I; sp.II, spiracle II; sp.VII, spiracle VII; st.II, sternite II; st.VI, sternite VI.
FIGURE 1 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 1. General morphology of head, thorax, leg and wing of Noctiliostrebla spp. A–C. Detail of head of N. morena sp. n. (♀ paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP) in (A) anterior view, (B) dorsolateral view and (C) dorsal view. D–E. External morphology of thorax of N. morena sp. n. (holotype ♀, MZSP) in (D) dorsal view and (E) lateral view. F. External morphology of thorax of N. guerreroi sp. n. (holotype ♀, MZSP) in ventral view. G. Detail of wing of N. morena sp. n. (♀ paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP) in dorsal view. H. Detail of left hind tibia of N. morena sp. n. (♀ paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP) in lateral view, showing posteroventral cluster of setae. I. Detail of left hind tibia and tarsus of N. morena sp. n. (holotype ♀, MZSP) in lateral view. Abbreviations: an., antenna; ar., arista; e., eye; epm.2, mesepimeron; eps.2, metepimeron; fc., frontoclypeus; fu.s., furcasternal suture; hlt., haltere; lb., labella; lv., laterovertex; md.s., median suture; ms., mesosternum; mts., metasternum; mts.l., metasternal lobe; oc.l. occipital lobe; plp., palpus; prsc., prescutum; pv.c., posteroventral cluster of setae; sc., scutum; scl., scutellum; stc.s., sternacostal suture; tb., tibia; th.s.I, thoracic spiracle I; tr.s., transverse suture; w., wing.
FIGURE 3 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 3. General morphology of abdomen and genitalia of male Noctiliostrebla spp. A. Abdomen of N. morena sp. n. (paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP) in lateral view, with detail of lateral lobe of syntergite I+II and hypopygium. B. Posterior portion of abdomen of N. morena sp. n. (paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP) in lateral view, with detail of hypopygium. C. Morphology of genitalia of N. maai Wenzel, modified from Wenzel et al. (1966). D. Detail of aedeagus of N. morena sp. n. (paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP) in lateral view. E–G. Detail of posterior portion of abdomen of N. morena sp. n. (paratype from Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP), showing hypopygium in (E) ventral view, (F) posteroventral view and (G) dorsal view. Abbreviations: aed., aedeagus; aed.a., aedeagal apodeme; cer., cercus; dt.s., distal seta; epa., epandrium; gon., gonopod; hyp.a.+hyp., hypandrial apodeme and hypandrium; l.l., lateral lobe of syntergite I+II; par., parameres; pr.s, proximal seta; proc., proctiger; sp.II, spiracle II; sp.VII, spiracle VII; st.VI, sternite VI; st.X, sternite X; sur., surstylus; sytgo.VII+VIII, syntergosternite VII+VIII; tg.VII, tergite VII; tho., sclerotized thorn.
FIGURE 17 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 17. Distributional maps of Noctiliostrebla species (continued). A. N. morena sp. n. B. N. pantaneira sp. n. C. N. caissara sp. n.
FIGURE 5 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 5. Noctiliostrebla traubi Wenzel, ♀ (Honduras, Olancho, Escuela de Sembrador, FMNH) and holotype ♂ (FMNH). A. Female abdomen in dorsal view. B. Detail of posterior portion of female thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe and sternite II. C. Female tergite VII (with setae insertions) and epiproct in dorsal view. D. Detail of male abdomen in ventral view, showing sternite II. E. Detail of male abdomen in ventral view, showing hypopygium. F. Male genitalia in lateral view. G. Distal portion of gonopod in lateral view. H. Distal portion of aedeagus in lateral view.
FIGURE 9 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 9. Noctiliostrebla guerreroi sp. n., holotype ♀ (MZSP) and ♂♂ paratypes (Brazil, Pará, Itaituba, MZSP). A. Female abdomen in dorsal view. B. Detail of posterior portion of female thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe and sternite II. C. Female tergite VII (with setae insertions) and epiproct in dorsal view. D. Detail of male abdomen in ventrolateral view, showing hypopygium. E. Detail of posterior portion of male thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe, sternite II and hypopygium. F. Male genitalia in lateral view. G. Distal portion of gonopod in lateral view. H. Distal portion of aedeagus in lateral view.
FIGURE 15 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 15. Distributional maps of Noctiliostrebla species. A. N. dubia (Rudow). B. N. traubi Wenzel. C. N. maai Wenzel. D. N. aitkeni Wenzel.
FIGURE 12 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 12. Noctiliostrebla morena sp. n., holotype ♀ (MZSP) and ♂♂ paratypes (Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Base de Estudos do Pantanal, MZSP). A. Female abdomen in dorsal view. B. Detail of posterior portion of female thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe and sternite II. C. Female tergite VII (with setae insertions) and epiproct in dorsal view. D. Detail of male abdomen in ventrolateral view, showing hypopygium. E. Detail of posterior portion of male thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe, sternite II and hypopygium. F. Male genitalia in lateral view. G. Distal portion of gonopod in lateral view. H. Distal portion of aedeagus in lateral view.
FIGURE 14 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 14. Noctiliostrebla caissara sp. n., holotype ♀ (DZUP) and ♂♂ paratypes (Brazil, Paraná, Caiobá, DZUP). A. Female abdomen in dorsal view. B. Detail of posterior portion of female thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe and sternite II. C. Female tergite VII (with setae insertions) and epiproct in dorsal view. D. Detail of male abdomen in ventrolateral view, showing hypopygium. E. Detail of posterior portion of male thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe, sternite II and hypopygium. F. Male genitalia in lateral view. G. Distal portion of gonopod in lateral view. H. Distal portion of aedeagus in lateral view.
FIGURE 8 in Revision of Noctiliostrebla (Diptera: Streblidae), parasites of bulldog bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae: Noctilio)
FIGURE 8. Noctiliostrebla ecuadorensis sp. n., holotype ♀ (FMNH) and ♂♂ paratypes (Ecuador, Sucumbios, Zabalo, FMNH). A. Female abdomen in dorsal view. B. Detail of posterior portion of female thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe and sternite II. C. Female tergite VII (with setae insertions) and epiproct in dorsal view. D. Detail of male abdomen in ventrolateral view, showing hypopygium. E. Detail of posterior portion of male thorax and abdomen in ventral view, showing metasternal lobe, sternite II and hypopygium. F. Male genitalia in lateral view. G. Distal portion of gonopod in lateral view. H. Distal portion of aedeagus in lateral view.
Immature Sirex noctilio woodwasp size and sex dataset
<p>Resource quality can have direct or indirect effects on female oviposition choice, offspring growth and survival, and ultimately on body size and sex ratio. We examined these patterns in <i>Sirex noctilio </i>Fabricus<i>,</i> the globally invasive European pine woodwasp, in South African <i>Pinus patula</i> plantations. We studied how tree position as well as natural variation in biotic and abiotic factors influenced sex-specific density, larval size, tunnel length, male proportion, and survival across development. Twenty infested trees divided into top, middle, and bottom sections were sampled at three time points during larval development. We measured moisture content, bluestain fungal colonization, and co-occurring insect density and counted, measured, and sexed all immature wasps. A subset of larval tunnels was measured to assess tunnel length and resource use efficiency (tunnel length as a function of immature wasp size). Wasp density increased from the bottoms to the tops of trees for both males and females. However, the largest individuals and the longest tunnels were found in bottom sections. Male bias was strong (~10:1) and likewise differed among sections, with the highest proportion in the middle and top sections. Sex ratios became more strongly male biased due to high female mortality, especially in top and middle sections. Biotic and abiotic factors such as colonization by <i>Diplodia sapinea</i>, weevil (<i>Pissodes</i> sp.) density, and wood moisture explained modest residual variation in our primary mixed effects models (0-22%). These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of sex-specific resource quality for <i>S. noctilio </i>and of how variation in key biotic and abiotic factors can influence body size, sex ratio, and survival in this economically important woodwasp.</p>
Immature Sirex noctilio woodwasp size and sex dataset
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Data from: Mechanisms that influence sex ratio variation in the invasive hymenopteran Sirex noctilio in South Africa
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UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenoptera Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A precondition for colour vision is the presence of at least two spectral types of photoreceptors in the eye. In the Apocrita, trichromacy is the basal pattern. Most species possess three different photoreceptor types in their compound eyes, with peak sensitivities in the ultraviolet, blue and green range of the light spectrum, and the corresponding visual pigments, the opsins. Experimental studies in basal Hymenoptera report from one to four photoreceptors, but results remained inconclusive. To better understand the evolution of photoreceptor diversity in the Hymenoptera, we studied the global pine pest <i>Sirex noctilio</i> (Siricidae), which belongs to the superfamily Siricoidea, the closest sister group of Apocrita. Our aim was to i) characterise the visual opsins of <i>S. noctilio</i> by genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of the opsin genes and ii) to identify the photoreceptor types of the compound eye by electroretinography. We identified three opsins in the genome, homologous to the hymenopteran LW1, LW2 and UV opsin genes. Electroretinographical measurements confirmed the presence of two photoreceptor types maximally sensitive to 527 and 363 nm in the compound eye. The lack of a SW-homologous opsin gene and a corresponding receptor suggests that <i>S. noctilio</i> is a UV-green dichromate.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Fig. 3. Gompertz 3 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 3. Gompertz 3-parameter model fit to cumulative proportion of wood wasps captured in Arkansas, USA, from 24 Sep to 6 Dec 2010.
Fig. 7. Gompertz 3 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 7. Gompertz 3-parameter model fit to all 5 Sirex nigricornis trapping seasons; a = 1.0628, b = 0.0575, c = 309.5517; R2 = 0.8582. The inflection point for the overall model, encompassing 5 trapping seasons, was 310 d, or 6 Nov. Legend indicates which data points correspond to which year.
Data from: Retracing the routes of introduction of invasive species: the case of the Sirex noctilio woodwasp.
Understanding the evolutionary histories of invasive species is critical to adopt appropriate management strategies, but this process can be exceedingly complex to unravel. As illustrated in this study of the worldwide invasion of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio, population genetic analyses using coalescent-based scenario testing together with Bayesian clustering and historical records provide opportunities to address this problem. The pest spread from its native Eurasian range to the Southern Hemisphere in the 1900's and recently to Northern America, where it poses economic and potentially ecological threats to planted and native Pinus spp. To investigate the origins and pathways of invasion, samples from five continents were analysed using microsatellites and sequence data. Surprisingly, clustering analyses revealed two gene pools. Scenario testing showed independent introductions from an unsampled source, putative source of the second gene pool. The invasion history was much more complex than previously believed, with most of the populations being admixtures resulting from independent introductions from Europe and subsequent spread among the invaded areas. Results also shed light on the micro-evolutionary processes occurring during introductions, and showed that only few specimens gave rise to some of the populations. Analyses of microsatellites using clustering and scenario testing considered against historical data drastically altered our understanding of the invasion history of S. noctilio and will have important implications for the strategies employed to fight its spread. This study illustrates the value of combining clustering and ABC methods in a comprehensive framework to dissect the complex patterns of spread of global invaders.
Data from: Retracing the routes of introduction of invasive species: the case of the Sirex noctilio woodwasp.
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UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenoptera Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)
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