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FIG. 7. — Specimen MPV 2020.1.2 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 7. — Specimen MPV 2020.1.2, proximal end of left tibia of?Streptospondylus altdorfensis from Callovian or Oxfordian marls, in anterior (A), medial (B), proximal (C), lateral (D), posterior (E) views. Abbreviations: cnc, cnemial crest; fc, fibular crest; ict, incisura tibialis. Scale bar: 5 cm.

FIG. 3. — Specimen MNHN.F.RJN471 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 3. — Specimen MNHN.F.RJN471, right femur of an indeterminate Megalosauridae from H14 level of Marnes de Villers, in anterior (A) and lateral (B) views; proximal end in proximal view (C); distal end in proximal (D), medial (E) and distal (F) views. Abbreviations: eg, extensor groove; gt, great trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; lt, lesser trochanter; mc, medial condyle; mdc, mesiodistal crest. Scale bar: 10 cm.

FIG. 6 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 6. — Dorsal vertebrae of Streptospondylus altdorfensis from Vaches Noires cliffs. Specimen MNHN.F.RJN82 of the type specimen of Streptospondylus altdorfensis in right lateral (A) and ventral (B) views. Specimen MPV 2020.1.10 (Callovian or Oxfordian marls) in right lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. Specimen B5 (Oolithes Ferrugineuse de Villers), in right lateral (E) and ventral (F) views. Abbreviations:ddpc, double pleurocentral depression; vp, ventral plateau.Scale bars:5 cm.

FIG. 4 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 4. —?Streptospondylus altdorfensis, anterior cervical vertebra (MPV 2020.1.11), Oxfordian marls, in anterior (A), posterior (B) and right lateral (C) views. Abbreviations: ags, Actinostreon gregareum shell; cpol, centropostzygapophyseal lamina; cprf, centroprezygapophyseal fossa; dp, diapophysis; ns, neural spine; plr, pleurocoele; podl, postzygodiapophyseal lamina; pp, parapophysis; pr, prezygapophysis; spof, spinopostzygodiapophyseal fossa; sprf, spinoprezygapohyseal fossa. Scale bar: 5 cm.

FIG. 1 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 1. — Vaches Noires cliffs synthetic log with studied specimen position. Grey interval indicates unclear provenance; dotted line is for easily recognizable Oolithes Ferrugineuse de Villers (modified from Dugué et al. 1998).

FIG. 2 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 2. — Megalosauroidea indet., left premaxilla (B1), Oolithes Ferrugineuses de Villers, in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. Distal denticles of a replacement tooth of the first alveoli in lingual view (D). Abbreviations: snf, subnarial foramen. Scale bars: A-C, 5 cm; D, 1 mm.

FIG. 5. — Specimen MNHN.F.RJN472 in New data on the theropod diversity from the Middle to Late Jurassic of the Vaches Noires cliffs (Normandy, France)

FIG. 5. — Specimen MNHN.F.RJN472, anterior dorsal vertebra of Streptospondylus altdorfensis from Oolithes Ferrugineuse de Villers, in left lateral (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. Abbreviations: pcd, pleurocentral depression; pp, parapophysis; vp, ventral plateau. Scale bar: 5 cm.

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Summary data to support Hall (2019), '(e) in Normandy: The sociolinguistics, phonology and phonetics of the "Loi de Position"'

Article abstract: This article uses the pronunciation of stressed Intonational Phrase-final /ε/ and /e/ in two communities in Normandy, France, to illustrate the convergence of two sociolinguistic processes on the same phonological result: increasing application of the Loi de Position. In both communities (one rural and further from Paris, one urban and closer to Paris), there is now no consistent community-wide phonetic distinction between the two phonemes in that environment. It is suggested that the Loi de Position is already widely applied in the rural site, but speakers are still conscious of the formal norm whereby it is not applied; for the urban site, apparent-time changes for this variable reflect changes in Parisian speech. The theoretical implications of the study concerning speakers’ organisation of their vowel-space, and concerning the increasing application of the Loi de Position in the French of France, are examined. These conclusions are reached by per-speaker analysis of F1 and F2 separately from each other (rare in French linguistics). As a measure of community cohesion, the article introduces to linguistics the coefficient of variation (more common in biology and medicine).

Fig. 11 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 11. Cladogram showing the phylogenetic relationships of Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov. Tree length: 133. CI = 0.52, RI = 0.63. For character list and taxa/ character matrix see SOM 1 and SOM 2. Bremer indices are indicated for each node.

Fig. 9 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 9. Pliosaurid plesiosaur Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov., MAE2007.1.1(J), holotype; Late Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic, Calvados, France. A. Cervical vertebrae 1 to 5 in right lateral view. B. Vertebrae 1 to 5 in anterior view. C. Vertebrae 1 to 5 in ventral view.

Fig. 7 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 7. Pliosaurid plesiosaur Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov., MAE 2007.1.1(J), holotype; Late Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic, Calvados, France. A. Skull in left lateral view. Posterior part of the right mandibular ramus in lateral (B) and lingual (C) views. Photographs (A1, B1, C1) and explanatory drawings (A2, B2, C2). D. Section of the right mandibular ramus (see Fig. 2 and 4 for actual line of section). E, F. Teeth.

Fig. 10 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 10. Pliosaurid plesiosaur Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov., MAE2007.1.1(J), holotype; Late Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic, Calvados, France. A. Vertebrae 6 to 10 in right lateral view. B. Vertebrae 6 to 10 in anterior view. C. Vertebrae 6 to 10 in ventral view. D. An isolated neural arch in left lateral view.

Fig. 6 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 6. Pliosaurid plesiosaur Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov., MAE 2007.1.1(J), holotype; Late Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic, Calvados, France. A. Rostrum in dorsal view. B. Close−up photograph of the parasphenoid and posterior interpterygoid vacuities. Close−up photograph of the anterior interpterygoid vacuity (C) and the posterior part of the palate in oblique anterior view (D). E. Rostrum in ventral view.

Fig. 5 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 5. Pliosaurid plesiosaur Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov., MAE 2007.1.1(J), holotype; Late Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic, Calvados, France. Skull in ventral view (A) and explanatory drawing (B).

Fig. 3 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 3. Pliosaurid plesiosaur Cryonectes neustriacus gen. et sp. nov., MAE 2007.1.1(J), holotype; Late Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic, Calvados, France. Skull in dorsal view (A) and explanatory drawing (B).

Fig. 2 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 2. Nannofossil assemblages present in the matrix of the specimen Cryonectes neustriacus sp. nov., MAE 2007.1.1(J) from Upper Pliensbachian, Calvados, France. A, B. Thick specimens of Crepidolithus impontus. C. Thin specimen of Crepidolithus impontus. D. Parhabdolithus liasicus. E. Mitrolithus elegans. F. Crepidolithus crassus. G. Similiscutum cruciulus. H. Lotharingius frodoi. I. Calyculus sp. ind. Scale bars 5 µm.

Fig. 1 in A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, Northern France

Fig. 1. Simplified stratigraphic section of the Lower Jurassic succession in the Roche−Blain quarry (modified from Dugué et al. 1998), with the possible stratigraphic position of the specimen Cryonectes neustriacus MAE 2007. 1.1(J), holotype, as indicated by arrows. Abbreviations: P. spi., Pleuroceras spinatum Ammonite Zone; D. ten., Dactylioceras tenuicostatum Ammonite Zone; H. serp., Harpoceras serpentinus Ammonite Zone; H. v., Haugia variabilis Ammonite Zone; A.P., "Argile à poissons" formation; M., mudstone; W., wackestone; P., packstone; G, grainstone.

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FIG. 3 in Un travail inédit de Jacques-Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps sur les crocodyliformes marins du Jurassique de Normandie

FIG. 3. — Dessin à l'encre (BCM Ms 640/6) représentant la mandibule et l'extrémité antérieure de la mâchoire supérieure du premier spécimen de Teleosaurus cadomensis tels qu'elles ont été dégagées par Eudes-Deslongchamps dans un des blocs acquis par Luard en novembre 1817. Des vues latérales et des vues en coupe des différents éléments sont également figurées. Dimensions de la feuille: 43,9 × 38,4 cm. © Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.

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FIG. 1 in Un travail inédit de Jacques-Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps sur les crocodyliformes marins du Jurassique de Normandie

FIG. 1. — Première page de la première partie du manuscrit inédit de Jacques-Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps. Dimensions de la feuille: environ 15,5 × 19,5 cm. © American Philosophical Society, Philadelphie.