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111 results for “Ocean productivity”
Data For "Impact of dust and temperature on primary productivity in Late Miocene oceans"
<p><span>Impact of dust and temperature on primary productivity in Late Miocene oceans</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>This dataset contains marine biogeochemical outputs (NetCDF files) from modeling experiments with realistic late Miocene paleogeography, different CO2 levels and dust concentrations. The simulations focus on the evolution of primary productivity in response to aridification and global cooling. The simulations were carried out using the IPSL-CM5A2 general circulation model (Sepulchre et al. 2020 - IPSL-CM5A2 - an Earth system model designed for multimillennial climate simulations, GMD) and the PISCES-v2 biogeochemistry model (Aumont et al. 2015). It includes four simulations: Mio300Dust (300 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level), Mio420Dust2 (420 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level divided by 2), Mio420Dust10 (420 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level divided by 10) and Mio420NoDust (420 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level divided by 1000). The data are monthly averages over the last 100 years of the simulations. </span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>Contact: quentin.pillot@gmail.com</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>Experiments , see Pillot et al. (2024), Methods ans supplementary Informations for details.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>INTPP : Vertically integrated primary production by phyto (mol/m2/s)</span></p> <p><span>EPC100 : Export of carbon particles at 100 m (mol/m2/s)</span></p> <p><span>LNlight : Light limitation term in Nanophyto (between 0 and 1)</span></p> <p><span>LNnut : Nutrient limitation term in Nanophyto (between 0 and 1)</span></p> <p><span>PPPHY : Primary production of nanophyto (mol/m3/s)</span></p> <p><span>PPPHY2 : Primary production of diatoms (mol/m3/s)</span></p> <p><span>Ndep : Nitrogen deposition from dust (mol/m2/s)</span></p> <p><span>Pdep : Phosphorus deposition from dust (mol/m2/s)</span></p> <p><span>Sidep : Silice deposition from dust (mol/m2/s)</span></p> <p><span>Irondep : Iron deposition from dust (mol/m2/s)</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>Keywords: Late Miocene, marine primary productivity, aridification, dust, CO2, cooling, oceans, modelling, IPSL-CM5A2, PISCES-v2</span></p>
Phytoplankton optical fingerprint libraries for development of phytoplankton ocean color satellite products
<p><span>Quantifying changes in phytoplankton communities using ocean color is essential for predicting ocean food resources, occurrences of harmful algal blooms, and carbon and other elemental cycles, among other predictions. Here we present a dataset of greater than fifty strains of phytoplankton, from a range of taxonomic lineages, geographic locations, and time in culture, alone and in mixtures, grown to exponential and/or stationary phase for determination of hyperspectral UV-VIS absorption coefficients, multi-angle and multi-spectral backscatter coefficients, volume scattering functions, particle size distributions, fluorescence, and hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance. The measurements obtained from these experiments are valuable to facilitate development of new global and/or regional ocean color models by the broader scientific community. </span></p>
Global oceanic seamless POC concentration products derived from MODIS-Aqua
<p>The dataset integrates seamless POC concentration daily products for the global ocean from 2011 to 2016, derived from MODIS-Aqua‘s XGBoost satellite retrieval products. The POC concentration in the product used int32 to integer data, specifically, the raw POC concentration (mg m-3) is first multiplied by 10000 and then rounded using int32.</p>
Global oceanic seamless POC concentration products derived from MODIS-Aqua
<p>The dataset integrates seamless POC concentration daily products for the global ocean from 2003 to 2010, derived from MODIS-Aqua‘s XGBoost satellite retrieval products. It covers the time span from 2003 to 2010. The POC concentration in the product used int32 to integer data, specifically, the raw POC concentration (mg m-3) is first multiplied by 10000 and then rounded using int32.</p>
Global oceanic seamless POC concentration products derived from MODIS-Terra
<p>The dataset integrates seamless POC concentration daily products for the global ocean from 2001 to 2008, derived from MODIS-Terra‘s XGBoost satellite retrieval products. The POC concentration in the product used int32 to integer data, specifically, the raw POC concentration (mg m-3) is first multiplied by 10000 and then rounded using int32.</p>
An improved long-term high-resolution surface pCO2 data product for the Indian Ocean using machine learning
<p>This dataset contains two improved surface pCO2 products, along with surface pCO2 from the INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model (pCO2_model) and other input variables. It is a long-term, high-resolution dataset developed for the Indian Ocean region (30°E - 120°E, 30°S - 30°N), covering the period from 1980 to 2019. The dataset features a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 1/12 degree.</p> <p> The file includes INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model outputs (sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), mixed layer depth (MLD), nitrate (NO3), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and chlorophyll-a (CHL)). These variables are used as inputs for machine learning models to improve the pCO2_model. The machine learning model predicts the surface pCO2 deviants (pCO2_obs - pCO2_model). The file also provides spatiotemporally varying uncertainties associated with the predicted pCO2 deviants.</p> <p><strong>**Users are advised to download Version v2 of the data product, as Version v1 has been deprecated and is no longer recommended for use.</strong></p>
Supplementary Tables for the article"One-to-one Coupling between Southern Ocean Productivity and Antarctica Climate"
<p>Supplementary Tables for the article"One-to-one Coupling between Southern Ocean Productivity and Antarctica Climate".</p> <p>Table S1. Tie points in the age model of Site U1537; </p> <p>Table S2. Age-depth model and uncertainties at Site U1537;</p> <p>Table S3. Natural gamma radiation data at Site U1537;</p> <p>Table S4. Color reflectance component b* data at Site U1537;</p> <p>Table S5. Ca counts data at Site U1537;</p> <p>Table S6. Magnetic susceptibility data at Site U1537.</p>
EU project OCEAN:ICE Deliverable: D1.4 Gridded European circumpolar sea ice production fluxes
<p>This deliverable is a new dataset of sea ice production (SIP) in Antarctic coastal polynyas, critical regions for sea ice formation and dense water formation. Using Earth Observation data and atmospheric reanalysis, we use a heat budget method to estimate the SIP. We use sea ice concentration (SIC) from passive microwave sensors and ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis for near-surface wind speed and surface air temperature. Comparison against previous literature shows broad consistency in spatial patterns and magnitude of ice production, with notable variations across larger polynyas. Despite simplifications and thereby increased uncertainties in the absolute ice production values, the data set provides valuable insights into the dynamics and variability of Antarctic polynya SIP for the period 1992-2023.</p>
Sea-ice, primary productivity and ocean temperatures at the Antarctic marginal zone during late Pleistocene
<p>These data in excel refer to all proxies used to reconstruct late Quaternary sea ice and productivity in in cape Adare, Ross Sea, Antarctica, for the publication in Quaternary Science Reviews, for open access </p>
Seafloor primary production in a changing Arctic Ocean
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Phytoplankton optical fingerprint libraries for development of phytoplankton ocean color satellite products
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Time-series measurements of size fractionated primary production (>3 micron) in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean
<p>Filter size-fractionated (>3 μm) particulate 14C-based rates of primary production were measured at six discrete depths (5, 25, 45, 75, 100, and 125 m) throughout the euphotic zone. Seawater samples from each depth were subsampled into triplicate 30-mL polycarbonate centrifuge tubes from a pre-dawn cast, inoculated with 70 µL of NaH14CO3-, then incubated over the full photoperiod (~12-14 hours) on a floating in situ array at the corresponding depths where the water was collected. At the end of the incubation period (after sundown), 25 mL of each sample was vacuum-filtered first onto a 25-mm diameter 3-μm pore size polycarbonate membrane.</p>
Time-series measurements of size fractionated primary production (14C-assimilation) in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean
<p>Filter size-fractionated (>0.2-3 μm) particulate 14C-based rates of primary production were measured at six discrete depths (5, 25, 45, 75, 100, and 125 m) throughout the euphotic zone. Seawater samples from each depth were subsampled into triplicate 30-mL polycarbonate centrifuge tubes from a pre-dawn cast, inoculated with 70 µL of NaH14CO3-, then incubated over the full photoperiod (~12-14 hours) on a floating in situ array at the corresponding depths where the water was collected. At the end of the incubation period (after sundown), 25 mL of each sample was vacuum-filtered first onto a 25-mm diameter 3-μm pore size polycarbonate membrane, then the filtrate was vacuum-filtered onto a 25-mm diameter 0.2-μm pore size polycarbonate membrane filter. The rates reported here are for the >0.2-3 μm size fraction.</p>
Time series measurements of leucine incorporation as a measure of bacterial production in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean
<p>Samples were collected at or in the vicinity of Station ALOHA on 24 different cruises. On each cruise, rates of 3H-Leu incorporation into protein were measured. Seawater samples for measurements of production were collected from pre-dawn vertical hydrocasts at 6 discrete depths (5, 25, 45, 75, 100, 125 m) using polyvinyl chloride sampling bottles affixed to a rosette sampler. Polyethylene amber bottles (125 ml capacity) were subsampled from the CTD rosette bottles, and duplicate acid-cleaned 12 ml polycarbonate centrifuge tubes were filled from each depth. Each polycarbonate tube was inoculated with 20 nmol L-1 (final concentration) 3,4,5-3H-leucine. An additional 1.5 ml per depth was subsampled into 2 ml microcentrifuge tubes containing 100 µl of 100% (w/v) ice-cold trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to serve as a killed blank. The polycarbonate sample tubes were capped and incubated in situ over the photoperiod to measure rates of 3H-Leu incorporation in both dark (through use of black cloth bags) and light on a free-drifting array. At the end of the photoperiod, triplicate 1.5 ml subsamples were removed from each tube and added to 2 ml microcentrifuge tubes containing 100 µl of 100% ice-cold TCA; these tubes were stored frozen until analysis. Samples were processed following a modified method of the microcentrifuge method. </p>
Time-series rates of dissolved organic carbon production in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean
<p>Over a 3-year period (April 2010-April 2013), we measured 14C-DOC production from vertical profiles used for determination of 14C-particle production, utilizing 0.2 um filtrates. Seawater for these experiments was collected from predawn CTD hydrocasts into acid-cleaned 500-ml polycarbonate bottles. A total of four replicate 500 ml bottles were subsampled per depth and each bottle was spiked with ~1.85 MBq 14C-bicarbonate. One hundred milliliters from one replicate per depth was vacuum filtered through a 0.2 mm polycarbonate filter and the filtrate served as a time zero blank. The remaining three bottles were hung on a free-drifting array, deployed before dawn, and incubated at their initial collection depths throughout the photoperiod (typically 11-13 hours). After sunset the array was recovered, and 100 ml subsamples of all bottles were filtered under gentle vacuum (<50 mm Hg) onto 0.2 mm polycarbonate filters. These 0.2 mm filtrates were stored frozen (-20oC) until subsequent processing for determination of 14C-DOC productivity. Samples were processed as follows: 100 ml of the 14C-PC filtrates were thawed, poured into 500 ml polyethylene separatory funnels, and acidified by the addition of 500 µl of 2 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Samples were vigorously bubbled with air in a fume hood to remove 14CO2. A 70 ml subsample was removed from each separatory funnel and poured into a 100 ml glass serum bottle containing 1 ml of 2 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 10 ml of 0.37 M potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) in 1 M NaOH. Bottles were sealed with rubber stoppers, crimp sealed with an aluminum cap, and autoclaved at 126°C for 200 minutes; oxidizing 14C-DOC to 14C-DIC in an alkaline solution. Once cooled to room temperature, samples were uncapped and resealed using rubber sleeve stoppers holding plastic center wells containing ~2 x 2 cm pieces of fluted chromatographic filter paper (Whatman 2) soaked with 0.2 ml of β-phenylethylamine. A syringe was used to inject 4 ml of 9 N H2SO4 into the solution, converting the 14C-labeled dissolved inorganic carbon (hereafter 14C-DIC) to 14CO2. Samples were stored undisturbed at room temperature, passively trapping the 14CO2 on the β-phenylethylamine soaked wick. After at least 100 hours, rubber sleeve stoppers were removed and center wells and wicks were placed in scintillation vials, followed by the addition of 10 ml of Ultima Gold LLT scintillation cocktail. Samples were subsequently counted on a Perkin Elmer Tri-Carb 2800TR liquid scintillation counter. Rates of 14C-DOC production were computed for each cruise as the mean of the triplicate bottles from each depth minus the average 14C-activity of the time zero (blank) samples.</p>
Time series measurements of 14C-based primary production (>0.2 um) in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean
<p>Over a 3-year period (April 2010-April 2013), we measured primary production from vertical profiles at near-monthly time scales in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Production measurements were based on <sup>14</sup>C-assimilation into >0.2 um plankton biomass. Seawater for the productivity measurements was collected from predawn CTD hydrocasts into acid-cleaned 500-ml polycarbonate bottles. A total of four replicate 500 ml bottles were subsampled per depth and each bottle was spiked with ~1.85 MBq <sup>14</sup>C-bicarbonate. One hundred milliliters from one replicate per depth was immediately vacuum filtered through a polycarbonate filter as a time zero blank. These filters were placed in 20 ml glass scintillation vials and stored at -20oC until shore-based laboratory processing. The remaining three bottles were hung on a free-drifting array, deployed before dawn, and incubated at their initial collection depths throughout the photoperiod (typically 11-13 hours). After sunset the array was recovered, and 100 ml subsamples of all bottles were filtered under gentle vacuum onto 0.2 um polycarbonate filters that were then placed in scintillation vials and frozen. The total radioactivity added to each sample bottle was determined by subsampling 250 µl aliquots into scintillation vials containing 500 µl of β-phenylethylamine. At the shore-based laboratory, filters were acidified, passively vented, and the resulting radioactivity was determined using liquid scintillation counting.</p>
Data from: Defining isoscapes in the Northeast Pacific as an index of ocean productivity
<p><b>Aim: </b>We modeled isoscapes in the Northeast Pacific using satellite-based data with the main objective of testing if isoscapes defined by a few key parameters can be used as a proxy for secondary productivity.</p> <p><b>Location: </b>Northeast (NE) Pacific; 46 – 60⁰N and 125 – 165⁰W.</p> <p><b>Time period: </b>From 1998 to 2017 (ongoing).</p> <p><b>Major taxa studied: </b>Zooplankton with a focus on large herbivores.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> Approximately 280 summer zooplankton samples were analyzed for Carbon (δ<sup>13</sup>C) and Nitrogen (δ<sup>15</sup>N) stable isotope (SI) ratios. Environmental conditions experienced by zooplankton organisms were extracted from satellite, in situ sensor and model databases. A generalized additive model approach was used to explain the spatial variability of δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N values and predict isoscapes.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Sea surface temperature (SST), sea level anomaly (SLA) and chlorophyll-<i>a</i> concentration emerged as the significant SI predictors. Modelled isoscapes reproduced patterns observed in δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N value distribution, such as a decrease from the coast to offshore. The contribution of eddies in enhancing local production in the open ocean was also well captured by the models. In the central part of the NE Pacific higher SI values were correlated with higher large copepod biomass measured by the North Pacific Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey. However, in the area off the coast of British Columbia (BC) high δ<sup>15</sup>N variability appeared to be associated with episodic intrusions of coastal waters demonstrating that caution is needed when interpreting sharp changes in SI ratios.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions: </b>While the mechanisms driving SI ratio variability are complex, we demonstrated that a few parameters used as a proxy for some of these major mechanisms are able to successfully produce isoscape models. This approach was proven useful to provide a qualitative estimate of the secondary production, which can be particularly valuable in a region where few data are available.</p>
Data from: Seabird diversity hotspot linked to ocean productivity in the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem
Upwelling regions are highly productive habitats targeted by wide-ranging marine predators and industrial fisheries. In this study, we track the migratory movements of eight seabird species from across the Atlantic; quantify overlap with the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME) and determine the habitat characteristics that drive this association. Our results indicate the CCLME is a biodiversity hotspot for migratory seabirds; all tracked species and more than 70% of individuals used this upwelling region. Relative species richness peaked in areas where sea surface temperature averaged between 15 and 20°C, and correlated positively with chlorophyll a, revealing the optimum conditions driving bottom-up trophic effects for seabirds. Marine vertebrates are not confined by international boundaries, making conservation challenging. However, by linking diversity to ocean productivity, our research reveals the significance of the CCLME for seabird populations from across the Atlantic, making it a priority for conservation action.
Data from: Effects of sea ice cover on satellite-detected primary production in the Arctic Ocean
The influence of decreasing Arctic sea ice on net primary production (NPP) in the Arctic Ocean has been considered in multiple publications but is not well constrained owing to the potentially large errors in satellite algorithms. In particular, the Arctic Ocean is rich in coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) that interferes in the detection of chlorophyll a concentration of the standard algorithm, which is the primary input to NPP models. We used the quasi-analytic algorithm (Lee et al. 2002 Appl. Opti. 41, 5755−5772. (doi:10.1364/AO.41.005755)) that separates absorption by phytoplankton from absorption by CDOM and detrital matter. We merged satellite data from multiple satellite sensors and created a 19 year time series (1997–2015) of NPP. During this period, both the estimated annual total and the summer monthly maximum pan-Arctic NPP increased by about 47%. Positive monthly anomalies in NPP are highly correlated with positive anomalies in open water area during the summer months. Following the earlier ice retreat, the start of the high-productivity season has become earlier, e.g. at a mean rate of −3.0 d yr−1 in the northern Barents Sea, and the length of the high-productivity period has increased from 15 days in 1998 to 62 days in 2015. While in some areas, the termination of the productive season has been extended, owing to delayed ice formation, the termination has also become earlier in other areas, likely owing to limited nutrients.
BARITE AS A PROXY OF PRODUCTIVITY: A STUDY IN THE SOUTHWEST ATLANTIC OCEAN
<p>Database for the manuscript entitled</p> <p><strong><span>barite as a proxy of productivity: a study in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean</span></strong></p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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