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Figures 22-26 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 22-26 - Light micrograph of the integument of S. hayii: (22) Dorsal region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (23) Dorsal region (AB-method); (24) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (25) Ventral region (AB-method); (26) Ventral region (HE-staining). In the dorsal integument, exocrine glands are more frequent, mainly the serous glands (Ø). Melanophores (_) occur in the spongious dermis, even around the secretory portion of glands. Note clusters of apocrine glands with heterogeneous content (¬)in the spongious dermis of the ventrolateral integument. The EK-layer (Æ) is continuous in the dorsal integument, but absent in the ventral region. Slight cutaneous elevations (á) in the ventral integument are formed by the epidermis and the dermis, mainly the spongious dermis. They are separated by groves (). CD = compact dermis.

Figures 18-21 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 18-21 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. flavoguttata: (18) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (19) Dorsal region (AB-method); (20) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (21) Ventral region (HE-staining). The epidermis (E) is partially keratinized, and the outermost cell layer exhibits the nuclear profiles (→). Melanophores (_) occur in the spongious dermis of both dorsal and ventrolateral regions; they are more frequent in the dorsal integument. Small clusters of apocrine glands with heterogeneous content occur in the ventrolateral integument. In the ventral region, the lipid content (ë), mixed with basophilic material, is easily visualized in the apocrine glands (Fig. 21). In the dorsal region, the EK-layer () is continuous, but discontinuous in the ventrolateral integument, being less alcianophilic in the ventral region when compared to other integument regions. CD = compact dermis; H = hypodermis.

Figures 32-35 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 32-35 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. perpusilla: (32) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (33) Dorsal region (AB-method); (34) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining) (35) Ventral region (AB-method). The spongious dermis houses both apocrine glands with heterogeneous content (¬) and serous glands (Ø). Melanophores (_) occur in the dorsal integument, but they are not identified in either the ventrolateral or ventral region. Iridophores did not occur in all integument regions. The EK-layer (Æ) is a well defined continuous layer occurs as irregular deposits between the spongious and compact dermis of the ventral region. Cutaneous elevations (â) are separated by grooves (Ú) in the ventral region. CD = compact dermis.

Figures 14-17 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 14-17 - Light micrograph of the integument of O. angrensis: (14) Dorsal region (AB-staining); (15) Ventrolateral region (HE-staining), inset (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (16) Ventral region (HE-staining); (17) Ventral region (AB-method). The melanophores (_) are numerous and located just beneath of the epidermis as well as around de glandular secretory units. They occur also in the hypodermis, but absent in the ventral integument. Iridophores (→) occur in the spongious dermis of the dorsal region just beneath the epidermis. No iridophore is visualized in the ventral region of the integument. Clusters of apocrine glands (¬) with heterogeneous intake predominate at ventrolateral integument; inset of Fig. 15: Observe the granular content with dense stained core () intermingled with cytoplasm material (*). The EK-layer () is continuous in the ventral region, but discontinuous in the ventral integument. Serous glands (Ø) occur in all body regions. Note blood vessels (Æ) in the spongious dermis. CD = compact dermis.

Figures 52-55 from: da Silva HAM, Silva-Soares T, de Brito-Gitirana L (2017) Comparative analysis of the integument of different tree frog species from Ololygon and Scinax genera (Anura: Hylidae). Zoologia 34: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e20176

Figures 52-55 - Light micrograph of the integument of S. x-signatus: (52) Dorsal region (HE-staining); (53) Dorsal region (AB-method); (54) Ventrolateral region (Mallory´s trichrome staining); (55) Ventral region (Mallory´s trichrome staining). The epidermis (E) is slightly ticker when compared to those of other hylids, as in the compact dermis (CD). Melanophores (_) are visulized in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument just beneath the epidermis. Serous glands are present in all regions; however, some of them show slightly alcianophilic content (→) in both ventrolateral and ventral regions. The apocrine glands (¬) with granular content occur in both dorsal and ventrolateral regions. The EK-layer (Æ) is visualized in both dorsal and ventrolateral integument but is absent in the ventral integument.

Figures 1-2 from: Brito P, Targueta C, Arruda W, Santos F, Bastos R (2019) The sexual dimorphic inguinal glands of the frog species Ololygon centralis (Anura: Hylidae) at light and transmission electron microscopy. Zoologia 36: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e29356

Figures 1-2 Photographs of the lateral sides of a O.centralis male (1) and female (2). The dashed line marks the limit of the inguinal gland in males that are absent in females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figures 11-15 from: Brito P, Targueta C, Arruda W, Santos F, Bastos R (2019) The sexual dimorphic inguinal glands of the frog species Ololygon centralis (Anura: Hylidae) at light and transmission electron microscopy. Zoologia 36: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e29356

Figures 11-15 Electron micrographs of the serous glands of the inguinal region. (11) Low magnification of the secretory syncytium with two visible nuclei (n) and also a sizeable cytoplasmic secretion aggregate (s). Notice the syncytium center (sc) filled with electron dense secretion and also the clear space (*) between syncytium basis and myoepithelial cells (m). Around the myoepithelial cells are some collagen fibrils (co). (12–13) Medium magnification of syncytium, where it is possible to notice some cytoplasmic secretion aggregate (s) and some regions of the cytoplasm with medium electron density (c). (14–15) Major magnifications of two large cytoplasmic secretion aggregate, with mixed portions of electron dense secretion (s) with medium electron density cytoplasm (c). (p) basal digitiform projections; (rer) rough endoplasmic reticulum. Sacale bars: 14, 15 = 1 μm, 12, 13 = 3 μm, 11 = 5 μm.

Figures 3-10 from: Brito P, Targueta C, Arruda W, Santos F, Bastos R (2019) The sexual dimorphic inguinal glands of the frog species Ololygon centralis (Anura: Hylidae) at light and transmission electron microscopy. Zoologia 36: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e29356

Figures 3-10 Photomicrographs of histological sections of the male inguinal gland region of O.centralis. (3–6, 8) Histological sections stained with HE. 3) Section of skin from the peripherical region of the inguinal gland. Notice that only mucous glands are present. 4) Low magnification micrograph showing the presence of many syncytial glands (g), with arrows indicating the lateral limits of the inguinal gland. (4–6) Major magnifications of the glandular apical portion, with many melanocytes (m), mucous glands (mc) and myoepithelial cells (open arrows). Note the glandular ducts (dc). 7) Histological section submitted to PAS reaction. Notice that only some cells of the mucous glands (mc) exhibit a positive reaction (arrowheads). (8) Major magnification of the lateral base portion of the syncytium, with colloidal secretion (s) in syncytium cytoplasm. Note also a blood vessel in the connective tissue. (9) Methacrylate section treated with potassium permanganate and oxalic acid and stained with Nile blue. Notice the bleached melanocytes (m) and some syncytial cytoplasmic projections (*) through the glandular secretion (s). (10) Methacrylate section stained with toluidine blue. Notice the pale blue color of the secretion suggesting it is alkaline, contrasting with the dark blue color of the glandular syncytium (gs). (e) epidermis; (d) dermis; (black open arrow) myoepithelial cells; (c) blood cells. Scale bars: 5, 6, 8 = 10 μm, 3, 7, 9, 10 = 20 μm; 4 = 200 μm.

Figures 16-18 from: Brito P, Targueta C, Arruda W, Santos F, Bastos R (2019) The sexual dimorphic inguinal glands of the frog species Ololygon centralis (Anura: Hylidae) at light and transmission electron microscopy. Zoologia 36: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e29356

Figures 16-18 (16) The basal portion of the syncytium with digitiform projections (p) and the clear space (*) between them and the myoepithelial cells. Notice the myoepithelial cells nuclei (n) and the collagen fibrils. (17) Detail of the connective tissue between two neighbor alveoli, with myoepithelial cells (m) and collagen fibrils (c). (18) The basal portion of a syncytium with intricate projection labyrinth. Notice the syncytium nucleus with irregular outline (n). Scale bars: 18 = 1 μm, 16, 17 = 3 μm.