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35 results for “Ophioglossaceae”
Botrychium dissectum (Ophioglossaceae) - unspecified - unspecified
Image of Botrychium dissectum (Ophioglossaceae) - unspecified - unspecified
Linked collectors and determiners for: Ophioglossaceae at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden herbarium collections (NS, NSK).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Ophioglossaceae at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden herbarium collections (NS, NSK)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/44c0ab40-55bd-4535-97c2-1810c505964c">https://bionomia.net/dataset/44c0ab40-55bd-4535-97c2-1810c505964c</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/44c0ab40-55bd-4535-97c2-1810c505964c">https://gbif.org/dataset/44c0ab40-55bd-4535-97c2-1810c505964c</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data from: A worldwide molecular phylogeny provides new insight on cryptic diversity within the moonworts (Botrychium s. s., Ophioglossaceae)
The moonwort genus, Botrychium s. s., includes diploid and polyploid taxa that occur primarily in the northern hemisphere. Their evolutionary history, morphologically cryptic taxa and deep divergence of the family in the phylogeny of ferns has long fascinated pteridologists. Previous molecular studies did not include a complete taxonomic sampling of the taxa in the genus, nor multiple specimens from throughout the known geographical range of each taxon. Therefore, to investigate evolutionary relationships of the major clades of Botrychium s. s., we increased both taxonomic representativeness (multiple accessions per taxa), as well as phylogenetic resolution by including additional new chloroplast markers. To confirm identification and provide evidence from both maternal and paternal parentage of allopolyploids, we also included specimens that have been characterized by allozyme profiles determined by electrophoretic analysis of 20 nuclear enzyme loci for each taxon. We analyzed four chloroplast regions (matK intron, trnHGUG —psbA, andtrnLUAA —trnFGAA intergenic spacers, and rpL16 intron region) of 365 specimens fromAsia, Europe, North America, Oceania, and South America, sampling the geographical range of 34 of 35 accepted Botrychium s. s. taxa and thirteen putatively new taxa. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of maternal lineages based on 2,385 aligned nucleotides using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to explore genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among taxa. We found strong support for themonophyly of three major clades: Lanceolatum, Lunaria, and Simplex-Campestre, and resolved 15 subclades. Our results suggest multiple origins for at least four polyploid taxa (B. boreale, B. michiganense, B. yaaxudakeit, and B. watertonense). The Simplex-Campestre clade had the largest number of species, despite having a similar total number of haplotypes as the Lunaria clade (62 and 59, respectively), which has the broadest worldwide distribution. In total, our new molecular phylogeny comprises 47 taxa, of which thirteen are discussed for possible taxonomic recognition.
Ophioglossum engelmannii (Ophioglossaceae) - whole plant - unspecified
Image of Ophioglossum engelmannii (Ophioglossaceae) - whole plant - unspecified
Botrychium lunarioides (Ophioglossaceae) - unspecified - unspecified
Image of Botrychium lunarioides (Ophioglossaceae) - unspecified - unspecified
Data from: Outcrossing mating system of the early-divergent moonwort fern (Botrychium lunaria, Ophioglossaceae) revealed in the European Alps
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Data from: A worldwide molecular phylogeny provides new insight on cryptic diversity within the moonworts (Botrychium s. s., Ophioglossaceae)
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Data from: Rapid allopolyploid radiation of moonwort ferns (Botrychium ; Ophioglossaceae) revealed by PacBio sequencing of homologous and homeologous nuclear regions
Polyploidy is a major speciation process in vascular plants, and is postulated to be particularly important in shaping the diversity of extant ferns. However, limitations in the availability of bi-parental markers for ferns have greatly limited phylogenetic investigation of polyploidy in this group. With a large number of allopolyploid species, the genus Botrychium is a classic example in ferns where recurrent polyploidy is postulated to have driven frequent speciation events. Here, we use PacBio sequencing and the PURC bioinformatics pipeline to capture all homeologous or allelic copies of four long (∼1kb) low-copy nuclear regions from a sample of 45 specimens (25 diploids and 20 polyploids) representing 37 Botrychium taxa, and three outgroups. This sample includes most currently recognized Botrychium species in Europe and North America, and the majority of our specimens were genotyped with co-dominant nuclear allozymes to ensure species identification. We analyzed the sequence data using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) concatenated-data ("gene tree") approaches to explore the relationships among Botrychium species. Finally, we estimated divergence times among Botrychium lineages and inferred the multi-labeled polyploid species tree showing the origins of the polyploid taxa, and their relationships to each other and to their diploid progenitors. We found strong support for the monophyly of the major lineages within Botrychium and identified most of the parental donors of the polyploids; these results largely corroborate earlier morphological and allozyme-based investigations. Each polyploid had at least two distinct homeologs, indicating that all sampled polyploids are likely allopolyploids (rather than autopolyploids). Our divergence-time analyses revealed that these allopolyploid lineages originated recently—within the last two million years—and thus that the genus has undergone a recent radiation, correlated with multiple independent allopolyploidizations across the phylogeny. Also, we found strong parental biases in the formation of allopolyploids, with individual diploid species participating multiple times as either the maternal or paternal donor (but not both). Finally, we discuss the role of polyploidy in the evolutionary history of Botrychium and the interspecific reproductive barriers possibly involved in these parental biases.
FIGURE 2. Ophioglossum isanense S. Petchsri, Li in Ophioglossum isanense sp. nov. (Ophioglossaceae, Pteridophyta) from Thailand
FIGURE 2. Ophioglossum isanense S. Petchsri, Li-Bing Zhang & T. Jaruwattanaphan, sp. nov.—A. Plants in habitat from Phu Phan National Park, Sakon Nakhon.—B. Plants in habitat from Phu Pha Lek National Park, Sakon Nakhon.—C. Habit.—D. Persistent leaf sheath at bases of common stalk (arrow head).—E. Adaxial side of trophophyll.—F. Fertile stalk.—G, H. SEM photomicrographs of spores.—G. Distal view.—H. Proximal view (All photos by P. Limpanasittichai & S. Chokrassameehirun). Scale bars: A–C: 1 cm, D–F: 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Ophioglossum isanense sp. nov. (Ophioglossaceae, Pteridophyta) from Thailand
FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Ophioglossum isanense S. Petchsri, Li-Bing Zhang & T. Jaruwattanaphan, sp. nov. 1. Ban Phrao Community Forest, Watthana Nakhon, Sa Kaeo Province. 2. Phu Phan National Park, Sakon Nakhon Province. 3. Phu Pha Lek National Park, Sakon Nakhon Province. 4. Tum Pha Nam Thip Wildlife Sanctuary, Roi Et Province.
FIGURE 1 in Ophioglossum isanense sp. nov. (Ophioglossaceae, Pteridophyta) from Thailand
FIGURE 1. Portion of the maximum likelihood phylogeny of Ophioglossum cf. nudicaule, which is herewith described as O. isanense, based on seven plastid markers (atpB, rbcL, matK, psbA-trnH, rps4, rps4-trnS, trnLF) (based on Zhang et al., 2020).
FIGURE 3. Ophioglossum isanense S. Petchsri, Li in Ophioglossum isanense sp. nov. (Ophioglossaceae, Pteridophyta) from Thailand
FIGURE 3. Ophioglossum isanense S. Petchsri, Li-Bing Zhang & T. Jaruwattanaphan, sp. nov.—A. Habit.—B. Trophophyll.—C. Trophophyll apex.—D. Persistent leaf sheath at top of rhizome.—E. Fertile stalk with sporangia (Drawn by S. Chokrassameehirun based on T. Jaruwattanaphan et al. 200816-4).
FIGURE 3 in The circumscription of problematic species of Ophioglossum (Ophioglossaceae) from Southern South America: a palynological approach
FIGURE 3. Original plate of Barrelier (1714). The central plant in the plate (II) corresponds to Ophioglossum lusitanicum.
FIGURE 1. A, B in The circumscription of problematic species of Ophioglossum (Ophioglossaceae) from Southern South America: a palynological approach
FIGURE 1. A, B: Ophioglossum crotalophoroides spore type. A, proximal face; B, distal face, [Osten & Rojas 8707 (MVM)]. C, D: Ophioglossum vulgatum spore type from American specimens; C, proximal face; D: distal face [(von Rentzell 6215 (SI)]; E: Ophioglossum vulgatum type from European specimens [Pedersen 7420 (CTES)]. F. Ophioglossum coriaceum, from New Zeland, distal face [Large & Large 169 (CTES)]
Data from: Rapid allopolyploid radiation of moonwort ferns (Botrychium ; Ophioglossaceae) revealed by PacBio sequencing of homologous and homeologous nuclear regions
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