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38 results for “Oxytrichidae”
Fig. 2 in Morphological redescriptions of three Cyrtohymena ciliates (Ciliophora: Sporadotrichida: Oxytrichidae) new to Korea
Fig. 2. Cyrtohymena citrina (Berger and Foissner, 1987) from live (A, D, E, F) and protargol-impregnated specimens (B, C, G, H, I). A and D. Ventral view of a typical individual. B, G and I. Ventral view of general infraciliature and nuclear apparatus. C. Dorsal kineties. E and F. Cortical granules on dorsal side. Scale bar=50 µm.
Fig. 1 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudocyrtohymenides lacunae nov. gen., nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Oxytrichidae) from South Korea
Fig. 1. Pseudocyrtohymenides lacunae nov. gen., nov. spec. (A, B), living specimens and (C–E), after protargol impregnation. (A, B), ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views of representative specimens; arrow denotes contractile vacuole. (C, D), ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views of the holotype specimen. (E), ventral views showing the variation of frontal-ventral-transverse cirri. AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; DK1, dorsal kinety 1; EM, endoral membrane; G, cortical granules; LMR, left marginal cirral row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; Mi, micronuclei; PM, paroral membrane; RMR, right marginal cirral row; TC, transverse cirri. Scale bars: 50 µm.
Fig. 2 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudocyrtohymenides lacunae nov. gen., nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Oxytrichidae) from South Korea
Fig. 2. Pseudocyrtohymenides lacunae nov. gen., nov. spec. (A–E), living specimens; (F–K), after protargol impregnation. (A, D), ventral views of representative specimens. (B, C, E), dorsal views showing cortical granules and dorsal bristles. (F–K), dorsal (F, J) and ventral (G–I, K) views showing infraciliature and nuclear apparatus. AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; DB, dorsal bristle; DK1–4, dorsal kineties 1–4; EM, endoral membrane; FC, frontal cirrus; G, cortical granules; LMR, left marginal cirral row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; Mi, micronuclei; PM, paroral membrane; RMR, right marginal cirral row; TC, transverse cirri; VC, ventral cirri. Scale bars: 100 µm in A–D and 50 µm in F–G.
Fig. 3 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudocyrtohymenides lacunae nov. gen., nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Oxytrichidae) from South Korea
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic tree of SSU rRNA gene sequences, showing the position of Pseudocyrtohymenides lacunae nov. spec. on the basis of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI). Bootstrap values of ML and posterior probabilities of BI were denoted on each interior branch. If the values of the bootstrap and the posterior probability were less than 50% and 0.50, respectively, they were excluded. The scale bar represents one nucleotide substitution per 100 nt.
FIGURE 5. A in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Oxytrichidae)
FIGURE 5. A maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on 18S rRNA genes, showing the phylogenetic position of Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. Numbers at the nodes represent the maximum likelihood (ML) bootstrap values and the Bayesian inference (BI) posterior probabilities. Newly obtained sequence is in bold. Sequences belong to the genus Cyrtohymena are shaded in grey. GenBank accession numbers follow species names. Bootstrap values lower than 50% and posterior probabilities in BI lower than 0.5 were not shown. The scale bar represents two nucleotide substitutions per 100 nt.
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Oxytrichidae)
FIGURE 3. Line drawings of protargol-impregnated dividing specimens of Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. Parental cirri and dorsal bristles drawn as outlines, newly formed structure are in black. A, B. Ventral and dorsal view of a mid-divider specimen, showing the frontal-ventral-transverse anlagen (arrows), the undulating membranes anlagen (arrowheads), and the dorsal kineties 1–3 anlagen. Note the fusion of the macronuclear nodules. C, D. Ventral and dorsal view of late divider, showing the frontal-ventral-transverse cirri migrate to their original locations, the dorsomarginal kineties (kineties 5 and 6) anlagen originate very close to the right marginal cirral row, and the new caudal cirri. Note the opisthe has 14 frontal-ventral-transverse cirri differing from all other cells in the preparations (~50 non-dividing cells). E, F. Ventral and dorsal view of very late divider, showing the frontal-ventral-transverse cirri already in their specific locations, the fragmentation of kinety 3 producing kinety 4 (arrows) posteriorly. CC—caudal cirri; DK1–6—dorsal kineties; DM—dorsomarginal kineties; LMR—left marginal row; MA—macronucleus; MI—micronucleus; OP—oral primordium; RMR—right marginal row; TC—transverse cirri. Scale bars: 30 μm.
FIGURE 1 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Oxytrichidae)
FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. from life (A–C) and after protargol impregnation (D, E). A. A representative specimen showing the body shape and the arrangement of the ventral ciliature. B. Optical section of a resting cyst showing the thin, smooth wall (opposite arrowheads), the lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, and the fused macronuclear nodules. C. Dorsal view showing the randomly arranged cortical granules. D, E. Ventral and dorsal view of the holotype specimen showing the infraciliature and the nuclear apparatus. Dotted line in (E) connects dikinetids of dorsal kinety 4. AZM—adoral zone of membranelles; BC—buccal cirrus; CC—caudal cirri; CG—cortical granules; DK1–6—dorsal kineties; EM—endoral membrane; FC—frontal cirri; LD—lipid droplets; LMR—left marginal row; MA—macronucleus; MI—micronucleus; PF—pharyngeal fibers; PM—paroral membrane; PTC—pretransverse cirri; RMR—right marginal row; TC—transverse cirri. Scale bars = 30 μm (A, D, E), 10 μm (B).
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new freshwater ciliate Urosomoida sejongensis n. sp. (Ciliophora, Sporadotrichida, Oxytrichidae) from King George Island, Antarctica
FIGURE 2. Photomicrograph of Urosomoida sejongensis n. sp. in vivo (A–J) and after protargol impregnation (K, L). A, B. Ventral and dorsal view. Arrow denotes contractile vacuole. C, D. Lateral views. E. Dorsal view showing contractile vacuole (arrow) with dorsal bristles (DB). F. Ventral view with overall cirral arrangement. G. Ventral view with nuclear apparatus and ring-shaped structures (inserts). H. Ventral view of oral apparatus. I. Nuclear apparatus showing 1 micronucleus between 2 macronuclear nodules. J. Cortical granules (arrowhead). K, L. Dorsal and ventral view of holotype specimen, respectively. AZM—adoral zone of membranelles; BC—buccal cirrus; CC—caudal cirri; DK—dorsal kineties; DM—dorsomarginal kinety; FC—frontal cirri; FVC—frontoventral cirri; LMR—left marginal cirral row; Ma—macronuclear nodules; Mi—micronucleus; PTVC—pretransverse ventral cirri; PVC—postoral ventral cirri; RMR—right marginal cirral row; TC—transverse cirri. Scale bars: 50 µm (in A, E, K), 5 µm (in I, J).
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new freshwater ciliate Urosomoida sejongensis n. sp. (Ciliophora, Sporadotrichida, Oxytrichidae) from King George Island, Antarctica
FIGURE 3. Majority consensus tree of Bayesian inference (BI) using SSU rDNA sequences. On interior branches, posterior probabilities of BI and bootstrap values of maximum likelihood (ML) are represented, respectively.
Figure 6 in Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of the new soil ciliate Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Oxytrichidae)
Figure 6. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree inferred from the SSU rDNA sequences showing the systematic position of Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (in red). The sequences of other Sterkiella species are indicated in bold. Numbers near nodes are bootstrap values for maximum-likelihood and posterior probability values for Bayesian inference (BI). '-' at nodes indicate disagreement between the two methods. The scale bar corresponds to 0.01 expected substitutions per site.
Figure 5 in Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of the new soil ciliate Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Oxytrichidae)
Figure 5. Photomicrographs of Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. in morphogenesis after protargol impregnation. (a, b) Ventral views of early dividers, to show the oral primordium in each divider (arrowheads). (c) Ventral view of an early divider, the arrowhead points to the disaggregating buccal cirrus, and the arrow shows cirrus V/4 dedifferentiates. (d) Arrowheads mark the frontoventraltransverse anlagen. Note that anlagen V and VI formed de novo in proter. (e) The arrow marks cirri III/2 and IV/3 disaggregate to involve in the formation of primordial streaks. (f) Arrowheads indicate the right marginal anlagen originate earlier than the left ones. (g, h) Ventral (g) and dorsal (h) view of a same divider, showing the anlagen for the left and right marginal cirral rows (arrowheads in g), parental undulating membranes dedifferentiate to form the undulating membranes anlage (arrow in g), cirrus V/3 is not involved in primordia formation (circle in g), and dorsal kineties anlagen develop intrakinetally (arrowheads in h). (i–k) Ventral (i, k) and dorsal (j) views of middle dividers, showing the frontoventral-transverse anlagen fragmentise to cirri. Arrowheads in (i) mark the leftmost frontal cirrus separated from the undulating membranes anlage, the arrows in (i) point the newly formed dorsomarginal kinety anlage, and arrows in (j) show the third dorsal kinety anlage splitting to form dorsal kineties 3 and 4. Note the macronuclear nodules fusing into a single mass. (l–o) Ventral (l, n) and dorsal (m, o) views of late dividers (n and o show the proter of a same divider). Note that the new ciliary structures move towards their final positions, arrowheads in (m) indicate the caudal cirri. 1–6, dorsal kineties 1–6. Scale bars = 50 µm.
Figure 4 in Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of the new soil ciliate Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Oxytrichidae)
Figure 4. Middle and late stages of morphogenesis of Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. after protargol staining. (a–d) Ventral (a, c) and dorsal (b, d) views of two middle dividers, showing frontoventraltransverse anlagen differentiate into cirri and the leftmost frontal cirrus is separated from the undulating membranes anlage. Arrowheads in (a) mark the anlagen for dorsomarginal kineties. Arrowheads in (d) show the third dorsal kinety anlage splits to form dorsal kineties 3 and 4. Note the macronuclear nodules fusing into a single mass. (e–h) Ventral (e, g) and dorsal (f, h) views of two late dividers to show 16 frontoventral-transverse cirri migrating towards their final positions. Dotted lines connect cirri that develop from the same cirral streak. Note caudal cirri formed, and macronuclear nodules divide. LMA, left marginal anlagen; LMR, left marginal row; RMA, right marginal anlagen; RMR, right marginal row. Scale bars = 50 µm.
Figure 2 in Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of the new soil ciliate Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Oxytrichidae)
Figure 2. Photomicrographs of Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. from life (a–h) and after staining with protargol (i–l). (a–d) Ventral views, showing the different body shapes, arrow in (a) marks the contractile vacuole. (e) Ventral view of the posterior portion of a cell, showing transverse cirri. (f) Showing nuclear apparatus. (g, h) Resting cyst, showing the cyst wall (opposed arrowheads in g). Squeezed cyst (h) with cytoplasm released, showing the polygon wrinkles on the surface. (i) Ventral view of the buccal field. (j) Dorsal view shows three caudal cirri (arrow). (k, l) Ventral (k) and dorsal (l) view of the holotype specimen, showing the general cirral pattern, arrowheads in (k) mark the dorsal kineties. Ma, macronuclear nodules; P, paroral; PTVC, pretransverse ventral cirri; PVC, postoral ventral cirri. Scale bars = 15 µm (g, h) and 50 µm (a–d, k, l).
Figure 1 in Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of the new soil ciliate Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Oxytrichidae)
Figure 1. Morphology of Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. from life (a, b) and after protargol staining (c, d). (a) Ventral view of a representative individual. (b) Resting cyst. (c, d) Ventral (c) and dorsal (d) view of the holotype specimen, showing the infraciliature and nuclear apparatus. AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CC, caudal cirri; CV, contractile vacuole; LMR, left marginal row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; Mi, micronuclei; RMR, right marginal row; I/1, II/3, III/3, frontal cirri; II/2, buccal cirrus; III/2, IV/ 3, VI/3, VI/4, frontoventral cirri; IV/2, V/4, V/3, postoral ventral cirri; V/2, VI/2, pretransverse ventral cirri; IV/1, V/1, VI/1, transverse cirri; 1–6, dorsal kineties 1–6. Scale bars = 10 µm (b) and 50 µm (a, c, d).
Figure 3 in Morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny of the new soil ciliate Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia, Oxytrichidae)
Figure 3. Early stages of morphogenesis of Sterkiella paratricirrata n. sp. after protargol staining. (a, b) Ventral view of very early dividers to show oral primordium in each opisthe (arrowheads), note that the cirrus V/4 dedifferentiates to form anlagen V and VI (arrow in b), and the buccal cirrus begins to be disorganised. (c) Ventral view of an early divider, the arrowhead shows cirri III/3 and IV/3 are involved to form anlagen III and IV, while anlagen V and VI develop de novo in proter. (d, e) Ventral (d) and dorsal (e) view of an early divider, showing the cirri II/2, III/2 and IV/3 are involved in the formation of six primordial streaks (arrowheads in d), and the dorsal kineties anlagen start to develop intrakinetally within dorsal kineties 1–3 in both proter and opisthe (arrowheads in e). (f–h) Ventral (f, g) and dorsal (h) views of early dividers, showing five cirral streaks formed (arrows in f, g), the right marginal anlagen originate, and the dorsal kineties anlagen elongate (arrowheads in h). (i) Ventral view to show the marginal anlagen develop intrakinetally. LMA, left marginal anlagen; RMA, right marginal anlagen. Scale bars = 50 µm.
Figs 1A–O in Systematic Analyses of the Genus Architricha and Pleurotricha curdsi (Ciliophora, Oxytrichidae), with Redescriptions of Their Morphology
Figs 1A–O. Line drawings and photomicrographs of Architricha indica during trophophase from life (A–C, H–M) and after protargol impregnation (D–G, N, O). A, H–J – ventral views of typical individuals, arrows in (H, I) indicate the contractile vacuole and arrowheads in (I) refer to the food vacuoles; B – different body shapes; C – distribution of cortical granules between right marginal rows; D, F – ventral view of infraciliature; E – arrangement of dorsal ciliature, caudal cirri and nuclei, arrowhead indicates the anteriorly shortened dorsal kinety 4; G, O – details of infraciliature, showing frontal cirri, buccal cirrus, frontal-ventral cirri, and postoral ventral cirri in (G), and showing pretransverse ventral cirri and transverse cirri in (O); K – detail of crystals in the cytoplasm; L, M – cortical granules on dorsal (L) and ventral (M) side; N – macronuclei and micronuclei. 1–6 – dorsal kineties 1–6, AZM – adoral zone of membranelles, BC – buccal cirrus, CC – caudal cirri, E – endoral membrane, FC – frontal cirri, FVC – frontal ventral cirri, LMR1, 2 – left marginal row 1 and 2, P – paroral membrane, PVC – postoral ventral cirri, PTVC – pretransverse ventral cirri, RMR1, 2, 3 – right marginal row 1, 2 and 3, TC – transverse cirri. Scale bars: 50 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Oxytrichidae)
FIGURE 4. photomicrographs of protargol-impregnated dividing specimens of Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. A. Ventral view of a mid-divider specimen, showing the frontal-ventral-transverse anlagen (arrows) and the undulating membranes anlagen (arrowheads). B. Ventral view of late divider, showing the frontal-ventral-transverse cirri migrate to their original locations. Note the opisthe is the only specimen observed with less number (only 14) of frontal-ventral-transverse cirri in all preparations. C, D. Ventral and dorsal view of very late divider, showing the frontal-ventral-transverse cirri already in their specific locations, and the newly formed caudal cirri (arrowheads) at the end of kineties 1, 2, and 4. CC—caudal cirri; DK1–6—dorsal kineties; DM—dorsomarginal kineties; LMR—left marginal anlage; MA—macronucleus; MI—micronucleus; OP—oral primordium; PTC—pretransverse cirri; RMR—right marginal anlage; TC—transverse cirri. Scale bars: 30 μm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Oxytrichidae)
FIGURE 2. Photomicrographs of Cyrtohymena seorakensis sp. n. from life (A–E), after protargol impregnation (F, G), and in the scanning electron microscope (H–J). A, B. Ventral and lateral view of a free swimming specimen under low magnification, showing the body outline, the distinctly convex dorsal surface (arrows in B), and the brownish color due to the crystals in the cytoplasm. C, D. Dorsal views showing the yellow, randomly scattered cortical granules (arrows). E. Optical section of a cyst showing the thin wall (opposite arrowheads) and the fused macronuclear nodules. F, G. Ventral and dorsal view of the holotype specimen showing the infraciliature and nuclear apparatus. H–J. Ventral views showing the arrangement of frontal-ventraltransverse cirri (H), the shape of the paroral membrane (arrows in H and I), and the invariably four transverse cirri (arrowheads in J). AZM—adoral zone of membranelles; BC—buccal cirrus; CC—caudal cirri; CV—contractile vacuole; DK1–6—dorsal kineties; FC—frontal cirri; LD—lipid droplets; LMR—left marginal row; MA—macronucleus; MI—micronucleus; PF—pharyngeal fibers; PM—paroral membrane; PTC—pretransverse cirri; RMR—right marginal row. Scale bars: 30 μm (A–C, F–H), 20 μm (D, I, J), 10 μm (E).
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