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29 results for “Paphiopedilum”
FIGURE 1 in DNA Barcoding of Endangered Paphiopedilum species (Orchidaceae) of Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 1. BLASTn results of DNA barcodes. Percentage of accuracy was based on the total number of correct matches with the GenBank database.
FIGURE 1. Paphiopedilum barbigerum var. barbigerum. A in New orchids in the flora of Vietnam VII (Orchidaceae: tribes Cypripedieae, Cranichideae, Orchideae, and Collabieae)
FIGURE 1. Paphiopedilum barbigerum var. barbigerum. A. Flowering plant in natural habitat. B & C. Flowers, front view. Specimen: L.T.Van, K.S.Nguyen AL 1605. Myrmechis urceolata. D. Flattened flowering and fruiting plants. E & F. Apical part of floriferous stem with flowers. G & H. Flowers and flower buds, side and front view. Specimen: T.B.Vuong, N.T.Luan AL 1237. Peristylus affinis. I. Flattened plant. J. Portion of inflorescence. K. Flower, side view. L. Detached flower, side view, with sepals removed. M. Detached flower, sagittal section. N. Detached flattened sepals, petals and lip. Specimen: S.K.Nguyen, T.H.Nguyen, M.H.Giang NSK 950. Photos by L.T.Van & K.S.Nguyen (A–C), T.B.Vuong (D–H) and K.S.Nguyen (I–N); photo correction and design by L.Averyanov and T.Maisak.
FIGURE 2 in Paphiopedilum myanmaricum, a new species of slipper orchid (Cypripedioideae, Orchidaceae)
FIGURE 2. Paphiopedilum myanmaricum—staminode.(photo by P. Iamwiriyakul)
FIGURE 1 in Paphiopedilum myanmaricum, a new species of slipper orchid (Cypripedioideae, Orchidaceae)
FIGURE 1. Paphipedilum myanmaricum—holotype, whole plant and flower. (photo by P. Iamwiriyakul)
Data from: Promise and challenge of DNA barcoding in Venus slipper (Paphiopedilum)
Orchidaceae are one of the largest families of flowering plants, with over 27,000 species described and all orchids are listed in CITES. Moreover, the seedlings of orchid species from the same genus are similar. The objective of DNA barcoding is rapid, accurate, and automated species identification, which may be used to identify illegally traded endangered species from vegetative specimens of Paphiopedilum (Venus slipper), a flagship group for plant conservation with high ornamental and commercial values. Here, we selected eight chloroplast barcodes and nrITS to evaluate their suitability in Venus slippers. The results indicate that all tested barcodes had no barcoding gap and the core plant barcodes showed low resolution for the identification of Venus slippers (18.86%). Of the single-locus barcodes, nrITS is the most efficient for the species identification of the genus (52.27%), whereas matK + atpF-atpH is the most efficient multi-locus combination (28.97%). Therefore, we recommend the combination of matK + atpF-atpH + ITS as a barcode for Venus slippers. Furthermore, there is an upper limit of resolution of the candidate barcodes, and only half of the taxa with multiple samples were identified successfully. The low efficiency of these candidate barcodes in Venus slippers may be caused by relatively recent speciation, the upper limit of the barcodes, and/or the sampling density. Although the discriminatory power is relatively low, DNA barcoding may be a promising tool to identify species involved in illegal trade, which has broad applications and is valuable for orchid conservation.
Data from: Promise and challenge of DNA barcoding in Venus slipper (Paphiopedilum)
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Data from: Reticulate evolution and sea-level fluctuations together drove species diversification of slipper orchids (Paphiopedilum) in Southeast Asia
South-East Asia covers four of the world's biodiversity hotspots, showing high species diversity and endemism. Owing to the successive expansion and contraction of distribution and the fragmentation by geographical barriers, the tropical flora greatly diversified in this region during the Tertiary, but the evolutionary tempo and mode of species diversity remain poorly investigated. Paphiopedilum, the largest genus of slipper orchids comprising nearly 100 species, is mainly distributed in South-East Asia, providing an ideal system for exploring how plant species diversity was shaped in this region. Here, we investigated the evolutionary history of this genus with eight cpDNA regions and four low-copy nuclear genes. Discordance between gene trees and network analysis indicates that reticulate evolution occurred in the genus. Ancestral area reconstruction suggests that vicariance and long-distance dispersal together led to its current distribution. Diversification rate variation was detected and strongly correlated with the species diversity in subg. Paphiopedilum (~80 species). The shift of speciation rate in subg. Paphiopedilum was coincident with sea-level fluctuations in the late Cenozoic, which could have provided ecological opportunities for speciation and created bridges or barriers for gene flow. Moreover, some other factors (e.g. sympatric distribution, incomplete reproductive barriers and clonal propagation) might also be advantageous for the formation and reproduction of hybrid species. In conclusion, our study suggests that the interplay of reticulate evolution and sea-level fluctuations has promoted the diversification of the genus Paphiopedilum and sheds light into the evolution of Orchidaceae and the historical processes of plant species diversification in South-East Asia.
Data from: Reticulate evolution and sea-level fluctuations together drove species diversification of slipper orchids (Paphiopedilum) in Southeast Asia
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FIGURE 0. Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense, A. flower, B. dorsal sepal, C. synsepal, D. petal, E. labellum, F in Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense, a new slipper orchid from Northern Thailand identified by morphological and AFLP analyses
FIGURE 0. Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense, A. flower, B. dorsal sepal, C. synsepal, D. petal, E. labellum, F. staminode, column and stigma, G. leaf, H. peduncle and pedicel, I. floral bract and J. pedicel longitudinal section and transverse section (photo. by W. Tongkham)
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