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FIGURE 7. Dyscritella felixi n in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 7. Dyscritella felixi n. sp. (A–B): longitudinal thin section of a colony encrusting a brachiopod spine (paratype XCI 87). Rhombopora lepidodendroides Meek, 1872 (C–H): C – branch fragment (XCI 102); D, F – colony surface with autozooecial apertures, acanthostyles and aktinotostyles (XCI 102); E – colony surface with autozooecial apertures, acanthostyles and aktinotostyles (XCI 103); G, H – tangential thin section showing autozooecial apertures, acanthostyles and aktinotostyles (XCI 80b).

FIGURE 5 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 5. Eridopora beilensis Perkins and Perry in Perkins et al., 1962 (A–B): A – tangential thin section showing autozooecial apertures and vesicles (XCI 36); B – longitudinal thin section of a colony on echinoderm fragment showing autozooecial chambers and vesicles (XCI 59a). Cystodictya formosa Moore, 1929 (C–G): C, D – branch fragment with autozooecial apertures and lunaria (XCI 99); E–F: tangential thin section showing autozooecial apertures with lunaria (XCI 23a); G – deep tangential section showing autozooecial chambers with hemisepta and vesicular skeleton (XCI 23a).

FIGURE 4. Fistulipora nodulifera Meek, 1872 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 4. Fistulipora nodulifera Meek, 1872 (A–C): A – colony surface with autozooecial apertures and lunaria (XCI 97); B – tangential thin section showing autozooecial apertures with lunaria and vesicles (XCI 29); C – longitudinal thin section showing autozooecial chambers and vesicles (XCI 56b). Eridopora beilensis Perkins and Perry in Perkins et al., 1962 (D–F): discoidal colony showing autozooecial apertures with triangular lunaria (XCI 98).

FIGURE 12. Laxifenestella texana n in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 12. Laxifenestella texana n. sp. (A–G): A–C – tangential section showing autozooecial apertures and chambers, and reproductive heterozooecia (arrows) (holotype XCI 81). D – colony fragment showing fenestrules, autozooecial apertures divided by keels with nodes (paratype XCI 109); E – colony fragment showing reproductive heterozooecia (arrows) (paratype XCI 109); F – almost intact chamber of a reproductive heterozooecium (paratype XCI 110); G – colony fragment showing secondary nanozooecia (arrows) (paratype XCI 111). Cavernella praecavifera (Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951) (H) – colony fragment showing fenestrules, autozooecial apertures divided by keels with nodes (XCI 112).

FIGURE 3. Picked bryozoan fragments from the disaggregated, sieved samples from the Finis Shale. A – profile B15 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 3. Picked bryozoan fragments from the disaggregated, sieved samples from the Finis Shale. A – profile B15; B – profile B16; C – profile C5; D – profile C13.

FIGURE 15 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 15. Acupipora elliptica (Rogers, 1900) (A–D): A – branch fragment with autozooecial apertures, nodes and nanozooecium (arrow) (XCI 113). B, C – deep tangential section showing autozooecial chambers with hemisepta (XCI 70); D – tangential section showing autozooecial apertures (XCI 70). Polypora triangularis Rogers, 1900 (E–H): E, F – tangential section showing autozooecial apertures and chambers (XCI 50); G, H – tangential section showing autozooecial apertures and reproductive heterozooecia (arrows) (XCI 26).

FIGURE 17. Polypora aff. hexagona Moore, 1929 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 17. Polypora aff. hexagona Moore, 1929 (A–E): tangential section showing autozooecial apertures and chambers, nodes, microstyles, and reproductive heterozooecia (arrows) (XCI 55). Septopora blanda Moore, 1929 (F– I): F – tangential section showing autozooecial chambers and cyclozooecia (XCI 54); G – colony fragment with cyclozooecia on the reverse side (arrows) (XCI 119). H, I – colony fragment with autozooecial apertures, keel nodes, and cyclozooecia (arrows) (XCI 120).

FIGURE 19. Penniretepora oculata Moore, 1929 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 19. Penniretepora oculata Moore, 1929 (A–E): A, B – branch fragment with autozooecial apertures divided by keel with nodes (XCI 124); C, D – tangential section showing autozooecial chambers (XCI 96); E – tangential section showing autozooecial apertures (arrow: nanozooecium) (XCI 96).

FIGURE 13 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 13. Cavernella praecavifera (Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951) (A–F): A–B – colony fragment with broken autozooecial chambers (XCI 126); C – autozooecial aperture with preserved stellate structure (XCI 127); D – colony fragment showing a weathered cavernozooecium (arrow) (XCI 128); E, F – tangential section showing autozooecial apertures and chambers (XCI 69).

FIGURE 2 in Stenolaemate bryozoans from the Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA

FIGURE 2. Stratigraphy and sampled sections of the Finis Shale at TXV-200. A – stratigraphic position of the Finis Shale Member modified after Yang and Kominz, 2003 (fig. 2). B – measured sections, not from the base of the Finis Shale; base represented by accessible part of the Finis at individual section (compare with Figure 1); profile C is marked by exclusively yellowish shale, profile B by grey shale that only mixes with yellowish shale in the uppermost part; the latter section is capped by the Jacksboro Limestone. Ss – sandstone.

Figure 7 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 7. Brunellopteron norradi BØthoux, Allen, Norrad and Deregnaucourt gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NBMG 21589, New Brunswick Museum; positive imprint of a left hindwing), details as located in Fig. 6b, RTI extracts, normals visualization (all flipped horizontally; bottom left corners, normals visualization colour code as applied to a hemisphere): (a) basal area; (b) detail of the concave intercalary of second order (purple arrows) located between CuP branches.

Figure 4 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 4. Stratigraphic section of uppermost Hurley Creek Formation (6.5 m) and lowermost Sunbury Creek Formation (11.5 m) strata exposed at the Robertson Point outcrop along the shoreline of Grand Lake (New Brunswick).

Figure 3 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 3. Geological context (red stars indicate the location of the finding of Brunellopteron norradi BØthoux, Allen, Norrad and Deregnaucourt gen. et sp. nov.): (a) map of the Atlantic Canadian provinces indicating the geographic extend of the latest Devonian to earliest Permian Maritimes Basin (after St. Peter and Johnson, 2009 and Gibling et al., 2019); (b) geological map of a portion of the Maritimes Basin known as the Marysville Subbasin, location as indicated in (a) (after Dyer, 1926; Muller, 1951; Hamilton, 1960, 1962a, b, c; and van de Poll et al., 1995); (c) geological map of Robertson Point, location as indicated in (b); (d) aerial photograph of the fossil site (photograph courtesy of Martin Montplaisir, Gregory MacInnis and Jason Raworth).

Figure 2 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 2. Characterization of vein fusion: (a) two veins are connected by a cross-vein, the points A and B overlap, and C and D overlap, distance a is superior to distance b; (b) two veins are briefly connected, the points A and B overlap, and C and D overlap, distance a is slightly superior to distance b; (c) two veins are connected, the points A, B, C and D overlap, distance a equates distance b; (d) two veins are fused, the points A and C overlap, and B and D overlap, distance a is inferior to distance b.

Figure 8. Piesbergtupus hielscheri Zessin, 2006 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 8. Piesbergtupus hielscheri Zessin, 2006, holotype (private collection), redrawn based on data in original description (as for CuA, CuP and AA, only the anterior stem colour-coded; lightgreen-filled arrow indicates the median free portion of CuP).

Figure 1. Megatypus schucherti Tillyard, 1925 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 1. Megatypus schucherti Tillyard, 1925, holotype (specimen YPM IP 001021a): (a–c) overview and (d–f) detail of wing base; (a, d) interpretative drawing, conjectures of primary homology according to Tillyard (1925b) (in d, broad red arrow indicates the location of the distinct MP allegedly observed by Tillyard); (b, e) photograph (dry, flipped horizontally); (c, f) interpretative drawing, conjectures of primary homology according to Riek and KukalovAE-Peck (1984).

Figure 6 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 6. Brunellopteron norradi BØthoux, Deregnaucourt and Norrad gen. et sp. nov., holotype (NBMG 21589, New Brunswick Museum; positive imprint of a left hindwing): (a) drawing of visible structures, with indication of convex, weathered portions; (b) photograph (dryethanol composite, flipped horizontally), with indication of the location of items in Fig. 7; (c) same as in (a) but with portions reconstructed based on convex, weathered portions and the morphology of known related species; (d) same as in (c) with colour-coding and legend (◦ indicates a particular concave intercalary vein; see text; indicates an intercalary of second order).

Figure 5 in A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Figure 5. Transformation series of the relation between MP (red), the cubital system (green) and AA (orange) in early stem Odonata: (a, c, e, g) schemes and (b, d, f) transformations allowing transition from one scheme to another; (a) condition in Eugeropteron lunatum Riek in Riek and KukalovAE-Peck (1984), considered as ground plan; (b) transformation from (a) to (c), MP and CuA fuse, CuA and CuP fuse (after they had first diverged), and CuP and AA fuse; (c) condition in Erasipteron larischi Pruvost, 1933, Brunellopteron norradi BØthoux, Deregnaucourt and Norrad gen. et sp. nov. (darkgreen-filled arrow indicates the basal free portion of CuA, basal to its fusion with MP; dark-green-bordered arrow indicates the median free portion of CuA; light-green-bordered arrow indicates the basal free portion of CuP; light-green-filled arrow indicates the median free portion of CuP); (d) transformation from (c) to (e), the point of fusion of MP and CuA reaches the point where CuA and CuP diverge, with the consequence that CuA has no basal free portion (dark-green-filled arrow in c); (e) condition in Namurotypus sippeli Brauckmann and Zessin, 1989; (f) transformation from (e) to (g), the point of fusion of MP with the cubital system is relocated further basally, and the fusion of AA and CuP continues beyond the point where CuA and CuP fuse, with the consequence that CuP has no median free portion; (g) condition in Meganeura-like species.

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Fig. 16 in Kasimovian (late Pennsylvanian) cornute rugose corals from Egypt: taxonomy, facies and palaeogeography of a cool-water fauna from northern Gondwana

Fig. 16 Time-averaged mixed carbonate–siliciclastic ramp model for the late Moscovian–Gzhelian (Early Permian?) Rod El Hamal and Aheimer formations of the Proto-Clysmic Basin of Reynolds et al. (1997a, 1997b), western side of the Gulf of Suez. Hypothetical position of the Aheimer Formation south of the Rod El Hamal Formation during late Moscovian deposition of the latter to show a seaward–landward transect at the southern margin of the Palaeotethys. During continued regression the facies belts moved northwards; the Aheimer Formation overlaps the Rod El Hamal and in present outcrop is exposed north of it at the eastern rim of the Northern Galala Plateau. Phylloid algal–microbial mounds according to Abd-Elhameed et al. (2021) and terrigenous facies of the middle-upper Aheimer Formation based on Abou Khadra et al. (2012)