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Invasive plant dataset

This dataset pertains to three types of plants: the apple tree (Malus pumila Mill.), and the invasive species Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. and Erigeron canadensis L. Images of all three species were collected on-site in an apple orchard using a drone. The drone was equipped with a DJI DL 35mm F2.8 LS ASPH lens, with a sensor size of 35.9 mm by 24 mm. To preserve greater image detail and minimize background blurring, the aperture was set at f/16 during image capture. The images were taken from heights of 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, and 25m, with corresponding Ground Sample Distances (GSD) of 0.0625 cm/pixel, 0.125 cm/pixel, 0.1875 cm/pixel, 0.25 cm/pixel, and 0.3125 cm/pixel, respectively. The dataset includes both original and data-augmented images. Data augmentation techniques employed include flipping, rotation, elastic deformation, contrast adjustment, brightness modification, sharpening changes, noise addition, blurring, and mosaicking. The images are 512×512 pixels in size.

Figure 2 in Aculus taihangensis (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae), a potential biological control agent identified from the highly invasive pest plant, tree of heaven, in Türkiye

Figure 2. Aculus taihangensis. Prodorsal shield and part of dorsal opisthosoma: A. Protogyne, B. Deutogyne.

Figure 4 in Aculus taihangensis (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae), a potential biological control agent identified from the highly invasive pest plant, tree of heaven, in Türkiye

Figure 4. Aculus taihangensis – Male: A. Prodorsal shield and part of dorsal opisthosoma, B. Coxigenital region.

Figure 5 in Aculus taihangensis (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae), a potential biological control agent identified from the highly invasive pest plant, tree of heaven, in Türkiye

Figure 5. Dense aggregation of Aculus taihangensis along the midrib of a leaflet of the tree of heaven.

Figure 1 in Aculus taihangensis (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae), a potential biological control agent identified from the highly invasive pest plant, tree of heaven, in Türkiye

Figure 1. Map of Türkiye showing the provinces from which leaf samples were collected from the tree of heaven in 2022 and 2023 (* indicates the site in Çanakkale Province at which the eriophyid mite, Aculus taihangensis, was collected).

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

The more microplastic types pollute the soil, the stronger the growth suppression of invasive alien and native plants

The ecological consequences of microplastic pollution for plants remain largely unknown, and the few studies that tested the effects usually focused on a single type of microplastic and a single plant species. However, most plants will be exposed to multiple microplastic types simultaneously, and the effects may vary among species. To test the effects of microplastic diversity on plants, we grew single plants of eight invasive and eight native species in pots with substrate polluted with 0, 1, 3 and 6 types of microplastics. We found that the growth suppression by microplastic pollution became stronger with the number of microplastic types the plants were exposed to. This tended to be particularly the case for invasive species, as their biomass advantage over natives diminished with the number of microplastic types. The biomass responses coincided with a positive effect of the number of microplastic types on root allocation and thickness, which was also stronger for invasive than for native species. In addition, the results of hierarchical diversity-interaction models suggest that the negative impact of microplastic diversity on the total biomass of invasive plant species was influenced by both the identities of the microplastic and certain types of microplastic with strong pairwise interactions. In contrast, the effect on native species was determined solely by the microplastic identities. Synthesis: Our multi-species study thus shows for the first time that the negative effects of microplastic pollution on plant growth increase with the number of microplastic types. We also found tentative evidence that the negative impacts of microplastic diversity were more pronounced for invasive plants compared to native plants, and that this might be due to differences in the responses of root allocation and thickness.

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

Introduction history mediates naturalization and invasiveness of cultivated plants

Aim: Species characteristics and cultivation are both associated with alien plant naturalization and invasiveness. Particular species characteristics are favored for cultivation, obscuring the relationship between traits and naturalization success. We sought to better understand the drivers of naturalization and invasiveness by analyzing relationships with species characteristics and cultivation and by disentangling the direct effects of characteristics from the indirect effects mediated by cultivation. Location: Great Britain Time period: c. 1000–present Major taxa studied: Seed plants Methods: We used a comprehensive dataset of 17,396 alien plant taxa introduced to Great Britain before 1850, a country with one of the most well-documented histories of plant introductions. We integrated this with cultivation data from historical and modern records of botanic gardens and commercial nurseries and with trait data. Accounting for time since introduction, we quantified the influences of cultivation and species characteristics on present-day naturalization and invasiveness in Great Britain. Results: Larger native range size, earlier flowering, long-lived herbaceous growth form, and outdoor cultivated habitat were all associated with naturalization. However, these relationships between characteristics and naturalization largely reflected cultivation patterns. The indirect, mediating influence of cultivation on naturalization varied among species characteristics, and was relatively strong for growth form and weak for native range size. Cultivation variables, particularly availability in present-day nurseries, best explained invasiveness, while species characteristics had weaker associations. Main conclusions: Human influence on species introduction and cultivation is associated with increased probability of naturalization and invasiveness, and it has measurable indirect effects by biasing the distribution of species characteristics in the pool of introduced species. Accounting for human cultivation preferences is necessary to make ecological interpretations of the effects of species characteristics on invasion.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Data from: Restoration of native saltmarshes can reverse arthropod assemblages and trophic interactions changed by a plant invasion

Plant invasions profoundly impact both natural and managed ecosystems, and removal of the invasive plants addresses only part of the problem of restoring impacted areas. The rehabilitation of diverse communities and their ecosystem functions following removal of invasive plants is an important goal of ecological restoration. Arthropod assemblages and trophic interactions are important indicators of the success of restoration, but have largely been overlooked in saltmarshes. We determined how arthropod assemblages and trophic interactions changed with the invasion of the exotic plant Spartina alterniflora and with the restoration of the native plant Phragmites australis following Spartina removal in a Chinese saltmarsh. We investigated multiple biotic and abiotic variables to gain insight into the factors underlying the changes in arthropod assemblages and trophic structure. We found that although Spartina invasion had changed arthropod diversity, community structure, feeding-guild composition, and the diets of arthropod natural enemies in the saltmarsh, these changes could be reversed by the restoration of native Phragmites vegetation following removal of the invader. The variation in arthropod assemblages and trophic structure were critically associated with four biotic and abiotic variables (aboveground biomass, plant density, leaf N, and soil salinity). Our findings demonstrate the positive effects of controlling invasive plants on biodiversity and nutrient cycling, and provide a foundation for assessing the efficacy of ecological restoration projects in saltmarshes.

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

Stable Isotope Mixing Models Demonstrate the Role of an Invasive Plant in Wetland Songbirds Food Webs

We used analysis of natural abundance stable isotopes of 13C and 15N in song sparrow blood, invertebrate food sources, L. latifolium seeds, and other marsh plant seeds to inform Bayesian, concentration-dependent mixing models that predicted average song sparrow diets. Data presented are the csv files and R markdown code for the isotope analysis.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

Data from: Soil mesofauna may buffer the negative effects of drought on alien plant invasion

Although many studies have tested the direct effects of drought on alien plant invasion, less is known about whether drought affects alien plant invasion indirectly via interactions of plants with other groups of organisms such as soil mesofauna. To test for such indirect effects, we grew single plants of nine naturalized alien target species in pot-mesocosms with a community of five native grassland species under four combinations of two drought (well-watered vs drought) and two soil-mesofauna-inoculation (with vs without) treatments. We found that drought decreased the absolute and the relative biomass production of the alien plants, and thus reduced their competitive strength in the native community. Drought also decreased the abundance of soil mesofauna, particularly soil mites, but did not affect the abundance and richness of soil herbivores. Soil-fauna inoculation did not affect biomass of the alien plants but increased biomass of the native plant community, and thereby decreased the relative biomass production of the alien plants. This increased invasion resistance due to soil fauna, however, tended (p = 0.09) to be stronger for plants growing under well-watered conditions than under drought. Synthesis. Our multispecies experiment thus shows that soil fauna might help native communities to resist alien plant invasions, but that this effect might be weakened under drought. In other words, soil mesofauna may buffer the negative effects of drought on alien plant invasions.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Data from: Ruderals naturalize, competitors invade: varying roles of plant adaptive strategies along the invasion continuum

1. It is increasingly recognized that the factors facilitating plant invasions depend on the stage along the introduction-naturalization-invasion continuum. Adaptative strategies, i.e., combinations of functional traits that represent overall fitness in the face of one or more selection pressures, have shown promise in explaining plant invasions. However, whether adaptive strategy patterns change with the stages of plant invasion is not yet known. 2. Using the Pladias Database of the Czech Flora and Vegetation, we explored how Grime's adaptive strategies (competitors, stress-tolerators, ruderals; CSR) and introduction pathways (deliberate vs. accidental) relate to plant invasion along the introduction-naturalization-invasion continuum. 3. Phylogenetically corrected ANOVAs showed that naturalized species (referring to non-invasive naturalized species in this study) were mostly R-selected, whereas invasive species tended to be C-selected. The results of phylogenetic regression analysis further confirmed that across the deliberately and accidentally introduced species, R- and C-selection were positively related to naturalization and invasion success, respectively. We also found that deliberate introduction was negatively related to naturalization success and grid-cell occupancy of naturalized species, likely due to the different CSR strategies possessed by deliberately and accidentally introduced aliens. 4. Our study provides empirical evidence that different adaptive strategies are associated with species that have reached different invasion stages and confirms the usefulness of the CSR strategy framework for understanding plant invasion. It has implications for predicting and preventing potential high-impact invaders. For example, our results show that naturalized C-selected species have a higher probability of becoming invasive than naturalized R-selected species. Therefore, management actions are essential to prevent further introductions and spread of competitors.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Data for: "Dynamic species distribution modeling reveals the pivotal role of human-mediated long-distance dispersal in plant invasion"

All the data needed to reproduce the results and Figures of our article: Botella, C., Bonnet, P., Hui, C., Joly, A., & Richardson, D. M. (2022). Dynamic Species Distribution Modeling Reveals the Pivotal Role of Human-Mediated Long-Distance Dispersal in Plant Invasion. Biology, 11(9), 1293. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11091293">https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11091293</a> Please, find the R scripts and guidelines to reproduce our results on the article's Github repository : <a href="https://github.com/ChrisBotella/plectranthus_barbatus/tree/main">https://github.com/ChrisBotella/plectranthus_barbatus/tree/main</a>

openFeb 2024View details →

Data from: Historic deforestation and non-native plant invasions determine vegetation trajectories across an oceanic archipelago

This archive contains data produced in a study of the vegetation trajectories of Ogasawara Islands in 77 years related to following article: Ohashi, H., Kato, H., Murao, M., Kato, H., Kawakami, K., Kurokawa, H., Oguro, M., Kimura, F., Niiyama, K., Matsui, T., and Shibata, M. (2024) Historic deforestation and non-native plant invasions determine vegetation trajectories across an oceanic archipelago. Applied Vegetation Science, 27 (1), e12767. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12767">https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12767</a>   Archive contents The archive contents are organized into five parts, each stored as a .zip compressed file. X1_tif_original_vegmap_scan_georeference Scanned and georeferenced original vegetation maps in GeoTiff format, which was drawn in 1935, scanned at 300 dpi. Coordinate reference system was set at WGS84 (ESPG: 4326). This directory includes: kitanoshima_isl_WGS84.tif mukojima_isl_WGS84.tif yomejima_isl_WGS84.tif ototojima_isl_WGS84.tif anijima_isl_WGS84.tif nishijima_isl_WGS84.tif chichijima_isl_WGS84.tif hahajima_isl_WGS84.tif mukohjima_isl_WGS84.tif kitaiwoto_isl_WGS84.tif iwoto_isl_WGS84.tif   X2_shp_vegmap Shapefile of the geospatial polygon data of vegetation map of Ogasawara Islands surveyed in 1935, and stored as a .zip compressed file. Coordinate reference system was set at WGS84 (ESPG: 4326). This directory includes: VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.dbf VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.prj VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.shp VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.shx attribute_ForSect_code_en.csv attribute_Veg_name_en.csv metadata_vegmap_shp_ogasawara1935_en.csv Following files includes Japanese character (which may corrupt in non-Japanese environment): attribute_ForSect_jp.csv attribute_Veg_name_jp.csv metadata_vegmap_shp_ogasawara1935_jp.csv   X3_tif_vegmap_converted_from_shp Rasterized data of polygon data of vegetation map for analysis. Coordinate reference system was set at JGD2000 / Japan Plane Rectangular CS XIV (EPSG: 2456) This directory includes: vegmap_1935.zip (compressed “vegmap_1935.tif (0.7GB)”) vegnap_1979.zip (compressed “vegmap_1979.tif (1.5GB)”) vegmap_2011.zip (compressed “vegmap_2011.tif (1.5GB)”) islcode_raster.zip (compressed “vegmap_2011.tif (1.5GB)”) attribute_integratedveg_ecoltype.csv attribute_vegid_1935.csv attribute_vegid_1979.csv attribute_vegid_2011.csv   X4_scanned_image_vegdata Scanned images of original vegetation data in 1935. The directory includes: vegetation_survey_sheet_1.pdf vegetation_survey_sheet_2.pdf vegetation_survey_sheet_3.pdf   X5_digitized_vegdata Digitized vegetation data. The directory includes: plot_species_abundance_matrix_v0.csv plotinfo_v0.csv attribute_Species_en_v0.csv Following file includes Japanese character (which may corrupt in non-Japanese environment) attribute_Species_jp_v0.csv   X6_code_for_analysis Tentative.   このアーカイブには、小笠原諸島の77年間の植生の変遷(1935年、1979年、2012年)に関するデータが含まれています。

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2013View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Spafford R, Lortie C, Butterfield B (2013) A systematic review of arthropod community diversity in association with invasive plants. NeoBiota 16: 81-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.16.4190

Supplementary material 1 from: Spafford R, Lortie C, Butterfield B (2013) A systematic review of arthropod community diversity in association with invasive plants. NeoBiota 16: 81-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.16.4190

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2013View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Bongard C, Butler K, Fulthorpe R (2013) Investigation of fungal root colonizers of the invasive plant Vincetoxicum rossicum and co-occurring local native plants in a field and woodland area in Southern Ontario. Nature Conservation 4: 55-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.4.3578

Supplementary material 1 from: Bongard C, Butler K, Fulthorpe R (2013) Investigation of fungal root colonizers of the invasive plant Vincetoxicum rossicum and co-occurring local native plants in a field and woodland area in Southern Ontario. Nature Conservation 4: 55-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.4.3578

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2013View details →

Supplementary material 2 from: Spafford R, Lortie C, Butterfield B (2013) A systematic review of arthropod community diversity in association with invasive plants. NeoBiota 16: 81-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.16.4190

Supplementary material 2 from: Spafford R, Lortie C, Butterfield B (2013) A systematic review of arthropod community diversity in association with invasive plants. NeoBiota 16: 81-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.16.4190

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Data and code for Reeb, R.A. & Kuebbing, S.E. (2024). Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species. Ecology, e4446.

Data and analysis code for: Reeb, R.A. & Kuebbing, S.E. (2024). Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species. Ecology, e4446. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4446">https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4446</a> Repository contains R markdown analysis code, datasets, and the associated metadata file.

Figure 10. a in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants

Figure 10. a. Feeding damage by 1st instar Arcte coerula larvae; b. Feeding damage by 3rd instar larvae.

Figure 5. a in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants

Figure 5. a. Sixth instar larva of Udea stellata; b. Larvae typically found in a silken protective structure (arrow) on the underside of leaves with brown speckling from feeding damage.

Figure 6 in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants

Figure 6. Late instar larvae of tomato looper, Chrysodeixis chalcites. Although this caterpillar also has black markings on its side like A. coerula, their head capsule is green rather than tan or black and has a black line across the side (arrow).