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44 results for “Population Reduction”
Evaluating a Blood Pressure Reduction and Weight Loss Program in a Low Income, Ethnically Diverse Population (The Be Fit, Be Well [BFBW] Study)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00661817. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Data from: Fire-induced population reduction and landscape opening increases gene flow via pollen dispersal in Pinus halepensis
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Data from: Reductions in prolonged swimming capacity following freshwater colonization in multiple threespine stickleback populations.
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Data from: Harvest-associated size reductions and genomic changes within two generations in wild walleye populations
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Data from: Patterns in antipredator armature reduction and maintenance in isolated spring populations of an amphipod crustacean
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Multimodal and multifunctional signaling? – web reduction courtship behavior in a North American population of the false black widow spider
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Data from: Allometric brain reduction in an insular, dwarfed population of black-tailed deer
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16S sequencing data of Asian female population with BMD reduction
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Asymmetric, but opposing reductions in immigrant viability and fecundity promote reproductive isolation among host-associated populations of an insect herbivore
<p>Immigrant inviability can contribute to reproductive isolation (RI) during ecological speciation by reducing the survival of immigrants in non-native environments. However, studies that assess the fitness consequence of immigrants moving from native to non-native environments typically fail to explore the potential role of concomitant reductions in immigrant fecundity despite recent evidence suggesting its prominent role during local adaptation. Here, we evaluate the directionality and magnitude of both immigrant viability and fecundity to RI in a host specific gall-forming wasp, Belonocnema treatae. Using reciprocal transplant experiments replicated across sites, we measure immigrant viability and fecundity by comparing differences in the incidence of gall formation (viability) and predicted number of eggs per female (fecundity) between residents and immigrants in each of two host-plant environments. Reduced immigrant viability was found in one environment while reduced immigrant fecundity was found in the other. Such habitat-dependent barriers resulted in asymmetric RI between populations. By surveying recent literature on local adaptation, we find that asymmetry in immigrant viability and fecundity are widespread across disparate taxa, which highlights the need to combine estimates of both common and overlooked barriers in cases of potential bi-directional gene flow to create a more comprehensive view of the evolution of RI.</p>
Data from: Reduction of baseline corticosterone secretion correlates with climate warming and drying across wild lizard populations
1. Climate change should lead to massive loss of biodiversity in most taxa but the detailed physiological mechanisms underlying population extinction remain largely elusive so far. In vertebrates, baseline levels of hormones such as glucocorticoids (GCs) may be indicators of population state since their secretion to chronic stress can impair survival and reproduction. However, the relationship between GC secretion, climate change and population extinction risk remains unclear. 2. In this study we investigated whether levels of baseline corticosterone (the main GCs in reptiles) correlate with environmental conditions and associated extinction risk across wild populations of the common lizard Zootoca vivipara. 3. First, we performed a cross-sectional comparison of baseline corticosterone levels along an altitudinal gradient among 14 populations. Then, we used a longitudinal study in 8 populations to examine the changes in corticosterone levels following the exposure to a heat wave period. 4. Unexpectedly, baseline corticosterone decreased with increasing thermal conditions at rest in females, and was not correlated with extinction risk. In addition, baseline corticosterone levels decreased after exposure to an extreme heat wave period. This seasonal corticosterone decrease was more pronounced in populations without access to standing water. 5. We suggest that low basal secretion of corticosterone may entail down-regulating activity levels and limit exposure to adverse climatic conditions, especially to reduce water loss. These new insights suggest that rapid population decline might be preceded by a down-regulation of the corticosterone secretion.
Data from: Evolution of drug-tolerant nematode populations in response to density reduction
Resistance to xenobiotics remains a pressing issue in parasite treatment and global agriculture. Multiple factors may affect the evolution of resistance, including interactions between life-history traits and the strength of selection imposed by different drug-doses. We experimentally created replicate selection lines of free-living Caenorhabditis remanei exposed to Ivermectin at high and low doses to assess whether survivorship of lines selected in drug-treated environments increased, and if this varied with dose. Additionally, we maintained lines where mortality was imposed randomly to control for differences in density between drug-treatments and to distinguish between the evolutionary consequences of drug-treatment vs ecological processes due to changes in density-dependent feedback. After 10 generations we exposed all of the selected lines to high-dose, low-dose and drug-free environments to evaluate evolutionary changes in survivorship as well as any costs to adaptation. Both adult and juvenile survival was measured to explore relationships between life-history stage, selection regime and survival. Intriguingly, both drug-selected and random-mortality lines showed an increase in survivorship when challenged with Ivermectin; the magnitude of this increase varied with the intensity of selection and life-history stage. Our results suggest that interactions between density-dependent processes and life-history may mediate evolved changes in susceptibility to control measures.
THE POPULATION WISHES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT
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Data from: Evolution of drug-tolerant nematode populations in response to density reduction
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Data from: Reduction of baseline corticosterone secretion correlates with climate warming and drying across wild lizard populations
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Asymmetric, but opposing reductions in immigrant viability and fecundity promote reproductive isolation among host-associated populations of an insect herbivore
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Data from: Specific adaptation to strong competitors can offset the negative effects of population size reductions
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An Investigation of FID 123320 for the Reduction of Ocular Redness in Pediatric and Adult Populations
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06538662. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Effects of Blood Pressure Reduction on Cerebral Perfusion and Cognition in the Elderly Population
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00966199. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Phase I-II Study on Treatment of Advanced Oropharynx Cancer in Elderly Population by Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy With Treatment Volume Reduction and Combination Chemotherapy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01709006. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Inferior Turbinate Reduction in Pediatric Population Failing Surgery for Sleep Disordered Breathing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00936494. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.