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78 results for “Porcellio”
Figure 5 from: Mrak P, Žnidaršič N, Tušek-Žnidarič M, Klepal W, Gruber D, Strus J (2012) Egg envelopes and cuticle renewal in Porcellio embryos and marsupial mancas. ZooKeys 176: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2418
Figure 5 - Cuticle structure and renewal in Porcellio scaber marsupial mancas. A The early-stage marsupial manca, immediately after hatching B The mid-stage marsupial manca C The late-stage marsupial manca, just prior to release from the marsupium D–F Semithin sections of the manca peripheral region in the early-stage marsupial manca D in the mid-stage marsupial manca E and in the late-stage marsupial manca F. Cuticle (c), overlying the hypodermis (hd), becomes progressively more similar to adult cuticle. G–K TEM micrographs of exoskeletal cuticle in the early-stage marsupial manca G, J in the mid-stage marsupial manca H and in the late-stage marsupial manca I, K Three main layers are distinguished: epicuticle (ep), exocuticle (ex) and endocuticle (en). The micrographs show morphological characteristics of cuticle renewal: detachment of the old cuticle (oc) from the hypodermis, ecdysal space (*) between the detached cuticle and the newly forming cuticle (nc) and partial degradation of the old cuticle H, I protrusions with electron dense tips (white arrows) on apical surfaces of hypodermal cells G, I, J. The new cuticle consists of two layers, external electron dense epicuticle and internal electron lucent procuticle H, I, K. Helicoidal chitin-protein fibers arrangement is discernible in some regions of late-stage marsupial manca K. Bars: A–C 500 µm; D–F 10 µm; G–I 1 µm; J, K 200 nm.
Figure 3 from: Mrak P, Žnidaršič N, Tušek-Žnidarič M, Klepal W, Gruber D, Strus J (2012) Egg envelopes and cuticle renewal in Porcellio embryos and marsupial mancas. ZooKeys 176: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2418
Figure 3 - Structure of vitelline membrane (vm), covering Porcellio scaber A–D and Porcellio dilatatus E–G late-stage embryo. A Ventrally bent late-stage embryo, yolk is completely enclosed into the midgut glands (mg). B Semithin section of the embryo peripheral region. Vitelline membrane is slightly detached from the hypodermis (hd). C, D TEM micrographs of the vitelline membrane in osmicated specimen C and in non-osmicated specimen D Main proximal homogenous layer (*), thin middle electron dense layer (white arrow) and superficial corrugated lucent layer (black arrow). Hypodermis is covered with an extracellular matrix (ECM). E SEM micrograph of the late-stage embryo surrounded by vitelline membrane. F, G SEM micrographs of the late-stage embryo surface area. The vitelline membrane is artificially slit and fibers (arrows) between the outer embryo surface, covered with an extracellular matrix (s), and the vitelline membrane are exposed. Bars: A 500 µm; B, F 10 µm; C, D 200 nm; E 200 µm; G 5 µm.
Figure 7 from: Mrak P, Žnidaršič N, Tušek-Žnidarič M, Klepal W, Gruber D, Strus J (2012) Egg envelopes and cuticle renewal in Porcellio embryos and marsupial mancas. ZooKeys 176: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2418
Figure 7 - Schematic representation of different protective envelopes, coating Porcellio scaber embryos and marsupial mancas during development (lasting 35 days), namely egg envelopes (chorion and vitelline membrane) and exoskeletal cuticle. During growth of embryos and mancas egg envelopes are shed and cuticle is renewed. ch – chorion; vm – vitelline membrane; ECM – extracellular matrix; epi – epicuticle; exo – exocuticle; endo – endocuticle; nc – newly assembling cuticle.
Figure 1 from: Mrak P, Žnidaršič N, Tušek-Žnidarič M, Klepal W, Gruber D, Strus J (2012) Egg envelopes and cuticle renewal in Porcellio embryos and marsupial mancas. ZooKeys 176: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2418
Figure 1 - Structure of distal chorion (ch) and proximal vitelline membrane (vm), covering Porcellio scaber A, B, D, F and Porcellio dilatatus C, E early-stage embryo. A The early-stage embryo with large amount of yolk (y) and no visible limb buds. B Semithin section of the embryo peripheral region. Chorion is separated from the embryo surface. The vitelline membrane is closely apposed to the embryo surface. C SEM micrograph of the early-stage embryo. The outer egg envelope, chorion, is visible. D TEM micrograph of one-layered chorion, including electron lucent "lacunae" (white arrow). There is a layer of artificially spilt yolk underneath the chorion. E SEM micrograph of the early-stage embryo. Chorion is artificially removed and the inner egg envelope, vitelline membrane, is exposed. F TEM micrograph of vitelline membrane, composed of three layers: main proximal homogenous layer (*), thin middle electron dense layer (white arrow) and superficial corrugated lucent layer (black arrow). Bars: A, C, E 200 µm; B 10 µm; D 0.5 µm; F 200 nm.
Figure 9 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 9 - Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi et al., 1992. Manca stage M III: a antenna b antennula c maxilla d maxillula e maxillipede f pereopod 1 g pereopod 2 h pereopod 3 i pereopod 4 j pereopod 5 k pereopod 6 l pleopod 2 exopodite m pleopod 3 exopodite n pleopod 4 exopodite o pleopod 5 exopodite.
Figure 8 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 8 - Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi et al., 1992. Pleon (ventral vision) and pereopods 7 (indicated with white arrows): a manca stage M II (80X) b manca stage M III (80×).
Figure 6 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 6 - Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi et al., 1992. Manca stage M I: a antenna b antennula c maxilla d maxillula e maxillipede f pereopod 1 g pereopod 2 h pereopod 3 i pereopod 4 j pereopod 5 k pereopod 6 l pleopod 2 exopodite m pleopod 3 exopodite n pleopod 4 exopodite o pleopod 5 exopodite.
Figure 5 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 5 - Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi et al., 1992. Flagellum: a manca stage M I (500X) b manca stage M II (330X) c manca stage M III (300X) d adult (65X).
Figure 7 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 7 - Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi et al., 1992. Manca stage M II: a antenna b antennula c maxilla d maxillula e maxillipede f pereopod 1 g pereopod 2 h pereopod 3 i pereopod 4 j pereopod 5 k pereopod 6 l pleopod 2 exopodite m pleopod 3 exopodite n pleopod 4 exopodite o pleopod 5 exopodite.
Figure 4 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 4 - Correlation between cephalothorax widths of the ovigerous females with the number of mancas released.
Figure 3 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 3 - Correlation of the ovigerous females' body lengths with the number of eggs ( - fecundity) and with number of embryos in the brood pouch ( - fertility).
Figure 10 from: Montesanto G, Pizzo G, Caruso D, Lombardo B (2012) The postmarsupial development of Porcellio siculoccidentalis, with some data on reproductive biology (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 176: 87-101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2369
Figure 10 - Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi et al., 1992. Specimens of manca stage M I, after the release from the brood pouch (arrow indicate calcium deposits).
Figure 2 from: Novak S, Drobne D, menard a (2012) Prolonged feeding of terrestrial isopod (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea) on TiO2 nanoparicles. Absence of toxic effect. ZooKeys 176: 261-273. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2463
Figure 2 - Daily feeding rate (mg of consumed leaves/animal weight) of animals fed on control (untreated) leaves and leaves dosed with 1000 or 2000 µg/g nano-TiO2 for 3, 7, 14 or 28 days. On x scale also number of animals in each group is represented (n). There are statistically significant differences between animals exposed to food dosed with 1000 µg/g nano-TiO2 for 3 and 14 days compare to control of the corresponding group and between control and 2000 µg/g nano-TiO2 in animals exposed for 14 days (* p < 0.05). Symbols on the box plot represent minimum and maximum data values (whiskers), mean value (□), 75th percentile (upper edge of box), 25th percentile (lower edge of box), median (line in box) and max and min value ( - ).
Figure 3 from: Novak S, Drobne D, menard a (2012) Prolonged feeding of terrestrial isopod (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea) on TiO2 nanoparicles. Absence of toxic effect. ZooKeys 176: 261-273. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2463
Figure 3 - Percentage of animals in fed on food dosed with 1000 or 2000 µg/g nano-TiO2 for 3, 7, 14 or 28 days with different degrees of destabilization of cell membranes, assessed visually and classified from 0 to 6 according to the scale defined in Materials and Methods, above. On x scale also number of animals in each group is represented (n). Digestive gland cell membrane stability values ≤ 2 represent animals which had no destabilized cell membrane and digestive gland cell membrane stability values 3 or 4 animals with destabilized cell membranes. Those with value 5 or 6 had the most destabilized cell membranes. Statistical differences between exposed and control animals (within one exposure duration) are marked with an asterisk (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01).
Figure 1a- b from: Novak S, Drobne D, menard a (2012) Prolonged feeding of terrestrial isopod (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea) on TiO2 nanoparicles. Absence of toxic effect. ZooKeys 176: 261-273. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2463
Figure 1a- b - TiO2 nanoparticles dispersed over the abaxial leaf surface to give final concentration of 1000 µg/g dry wt of leaf a EDX spectrum of area encircled on Figure 1a, where presence of Ti is confirmed b.
Figure 2 from: Drobne D, Drobne S (2014) Reference values for feeding parameters of isopods (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea). In: Wehrtmann IS, Bauer RT (Eds) Proceedings of the Summer Meeting of the Crustacean Society and the Latin American Association of Carcinology, Costa Rica, July 2013. ZooKeys 457: 313-322. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.457.6805
Figure 2 - Porcellio scaber: Frequency distributions and interquartile range of feeding rate per day ([0.03< FR<0.07] mg/g).
Figure 1 from: Drobne D, Drobne S (2014) Reference values for feeding parameters of isopods (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea). In: Wehrtmann IS, Bauer RT (Eds) Proceedings of the Summer Meeting of the Crustacean Society and the Latin American Association of Carcinology, Costa Rica, July 2013. ZooKeys 457: 313-322. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.457.6805
Figure 1 - Frequency distributions and interquartile range of Porcellio scaber weight at the beginning of the experiment ([34< IW<54] mg).
Figure 5 from: Mrak P, Bogataj U, Štrus J, Žnidaršič N (2015) Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda). In: Taiti S, Hornung E, Štrus J, Bouchon D (Eds) Trends in Terrestrial Isopod Biology. ZooKeys 515: 93–109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.515.9468
Figure 5 - A schematic representation showing the ultrastructural characteristics of the hindgut apical matrices and epithelium during late intramarsupial development and in comparison to the hindgut cuticular lining of adult animals in Porcellio scaber. The axis represents the successive developmental stages and the percentage of embryonic development. The vertical dashed lines indicate the transition from embryonic to larval development and from larval development to adult stage. The thick horizontal lines represent presence of the individual feature in the certain stages. The specific features of the cuticle are indicated by the thin lines.
Figure 4 from: Mrak P, Bogataj U, Štrus J, Žnidaršič N (2015) Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda). In: Taiti S, Hornung E, Štrus J, Bouchon D (Eds) Trends in Terrestrial Isopod Biology. ZooKeys 515: 93–109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.515.9468
Figure 4 - A, B The gut lumen contents in the early marsupial manca of Porcellio scaber includes homogenous material with evenly distributed bacteria (white →). A higher magnification of the squared area in the image A is shown in the image B Bacteria are rod-shaped, contain electron dense cytoplasm and are surrounded by lucent spaces. C, D Empty gut lumen, observed in the late marsupial manca. The cuticle is in most regions considerably detached from the epithelium (DC). The epithelial cells are ventrally more prismatic and dorsally more isodiametric. A higher magnification of the ventral gut cells in the image D reveals basally accumulated lipid droplets (black →).
Figure 3 from: Mrak P, Bogataj U, Štrus J, Žnidaršič N (2015) Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda). In: Taiti S, Hornung E, Štrus J, Bouchon D (Eds) Trends in Terrestrial Isopod Biology. ZooKeys 515: 93–109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.515.9468
Figure 3 - Cuticle in the hindgut of Porcellio scaber marsupial mancae. EC - epithelial cell, PRO – procuticle, EPI – epicuticle, AL – apical labyrinth. A, B, C The hindgut cuticle (C) in early marsupial manca with the outer epicuticle and the inner procuticle. The epicuticle (EPI) consists of the outermost trilayered lamina (B, C - black →) and electron dense material underneath (C - white →). The procuticle (PRO) contains homogenous electron lucent material. Bulges of the cuticle are observed, some include electron dense material (B white →). Apical plasma membrane is intensely invaginated (B, C – ►) and forms apical labyrinth (AL) D, E The hindgut cuticle in late marsupial manca in the anterior chamber (D) and in the papillate region (E). Electron dense material is prominent under the trilayered lamina of the epicuticle. Cuticular spines are evident (black →) F Hindgut cuticle renewal in late marsupial manca - degradation and detachment of the old cuticle (DC) and formation of the new cuticle (NC) on the plasma membrane protrusions (white →). The new cuticle consists of an electron dense lamina (►), an electron dense material accumulating underneath (∆) and an inner electron lucent homogenous procuticle (PRO) F inset: Protrusions of the apical plasma membrane (white →) display electron dense tips – plaques – and are covered with an electron dense material.
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