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1,109 results for “Posture”
Fig. 4 in Morphological Diversity in the Postcranial Skeleton of Casamayoran (?Middle to Late Eocene) Notoungulata and Foot Posture in Notoungulates
Fig. 4. Isotemnid hands: A, left manus of Anisotemnus distentus, AMNH 28906 and B, Pleurostylodon similis, AMNH 28904 shown as left, but reversed).
Data from: Predator response to the coloured eyespots and defensive posture of Colombian four-eyed frogs
<p><span>Deimatic displays, where sudden changes in prey appearance elicit aversive predator reactions, have been suggested to occur in many taxa. These (often only putative) displays frequently involve different components that may also serve antipredator functions via other mechanisms (e.g. mimicry, warning signalling, body inflation). The Colombian four-eyed frog, <em>Pleurodema</em> <em>brachyops</em>, has been suggested to gain protection against predation through putative deimatic displays where they inflate and elevate the posterior part of their body revealing eye-like colour markings. We exposed stationary artificial frogs to wild predators to test whether the two components (eyespot/colour markings, defensive posture) of their putative deimatic display, and their combination, provide protection from predation without the sudden change in appearance. We did not detect any obvious additive effect of defensive posture and eyespots/colour markings on predation risk but found a marginally-significant trend for model frogs in the resting posture to be less attacked when displaying eyespots/colour markings than when they were not, suggesting that the presence of colour markings/eyespots may provide some protection on its own. Additionally, we found that models in a resting posture were overall more frequently attacked on the head than models in a defensive posture, indicating that a defensive posture alone could help redirect predator attacks to non-vital parts of the body. The trends found in our study suggest that the different components of <em>P. brachyops</em>' coloration may serve different functions during a deimatic display, but further research is needed to elucidate the role of each component when accompanied by sudden prey movement.</span> </p>
Data from: Predator response to the coloured eyespots and defensive posture of Colombian four-eyed frogs
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data and code from: 3D-SOCS: synchronized video capture for posture estimation
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Dataset for: Spinal motion and muscle activity during active trunk movements - comparing sheep and humans adopting upright and quadrupedal postures
<p>Datasets used for the manuscript "Spinal motion and muscle activity during active trunk movements - comparing sheep and humans adopting upright and quadrupedal postures", accepted in PLOS ONE</p>
Figure 4. - Nest defending postures of Xylocopanasalis; Defending posture tactics performed by females Xylocopanasalis to repel other conspecifics in the aggregated nesting site. The bee blocking the entrance via protruding her head out from the nest entrance (4a). Guarding the entrance by using the dorsal side of her metasoma to block the invaders (4b).
Figure 4. - Nest defending postures of Xylocopanasalis; Defending posture tactics performed by females Xylocopanasalis to repel other conspecifics in the aggregated nesting site. The bee blocking the entrance via protruding her head out from the nest entrance (4a). Guarding the entrance by using the dorsal side of her metasoma to block the invaders (4b).
Postural Optimization for a Safe and Comfortable Human-Robot Interaction: Experiment Dataset
<p>In human-robot collaboration the robot's behavior impacts the worker's safety, comfort, and his acceptance of the robotic system. In this paper we address the problem of how to improve the worker's posture during human-robot collaboration. Using postural assessment techniques, and a personalized human kinematic model, we optimize the model body posture to fulfill a task while avoiding uncomfortable or unsafe postures. We then derive a robotic behavior that leads the worker towards that improved posture. We validate our approach in an experiment involving a joint task with 39 human subjects and a Baxter torso-humanoid robot.</p> <p>This repository contains the anonymized recorded data of our experiment. For all the subjects, we have included their recorded posture, using a motion capture system, and a video taken from a camera located on the robot head. Each data is divided by subjects and by tested conditions. In a separate file, we also include the result of the survey answered alongside the experiment.</p>
The FORTH-TRACE dataset for human activity recognition of simple activities and postural transitions using a Body Area Network
<p>The dataset is collected from 15 participants wearing 5 Shimmer wearable sensor nodes on the locations listed in Table 1. The participants performed a series of 16 activities (7 basic and 9 postural transitions), listed in Table 2.</p> <p>The captured signals are the following:</p> <ul> <li>3-axis accelerometer</li> <li>3-axis gyroscope</li> <li>3-axis magnetometer</li> </ul> <p>The sampling rate of the devices is set to 51.2 Hz.</p> <p>DATASET FILES</p> <p>The dataset contains the following files:</p> <ul> <li>partX/partXdev1.csv</li> <li>partX/partXdev2.csv</li> <li>partX/partXdev3.csv</li> <li>partX/partXdev4.csv</li> <li>partX/partXdev5.csv</li> </ul> <p>Where X corresponds to the participant ID, and numbers 1-5 to the device IDs indicated in Table 1.</p> <p>Each .csv file has the following format:</p> <ul> <li>Column1: Device ID</li> <li>Column2: accelerometer x</li> <li>Column3: accelerometer y</li> <li>Column4: accelerometer z</li> <li>Column5: gyroscope x</li> <li>Column6: gyroscope y</li> <li>Column7: gyroscope z</li> <li>Column8: magnetometer x</li> <li>Column9: magnetometer y</li> <li>Column10: magnetometer z</li> <li>Column11: Timestamp</li> <li>Column12: Activity Label</li> </ul> <p>Table 1: LOCATIONS</p> <ol> <li>Left Wrist</li> <li>Right Wrist</li> <li>Torso</li> <li>Right Thigh</li> <li>Left Ankle</li> </ol> <p>Table 2: ACTIVITY LABELS</p> <p>(Arrows (->) indicate transitions between activities)</p> <ol> <li>stand</li> <li>sit</li> <li>sit and talk</li> <li>walk</li> <li>walk and talk</li> <li>climb stairs (up/down)</li> <li>climb stairs (up/down) and talk</li> <li>stand -> sit</li> <li>sit -> stand</li> <li>stand -> sit and talk</li> <li>sit and talk -> stand</li> <li>stand -> walk</li> <li>walk -> stand</li> <li>stand -> climb stairs (up/down), stand -> climb stairs (up/down) and talk</li> <li>climb stairs (up/down) -> walk</li> <li>climb stairs (up/down) and talk -> walk and talk</li> </ol>
Electronic supporting information for: Evolution of posture in amniotes–diving into the trabecular architecture of the femoral head
<p>Extant amniotes show remarkable postural diversity. Broadly speaking, limbs with erect (strongly adducted, more vertically oriented) posture are found in mammals that are particularly heavy (graviportal) or show good running skills (cursorial), while crouched (highly flexed) limbs are found in taxa with more generalized locomotion. In Reptilia, crocodylians have a "semi-erect" (somewhat adducted) posture, birds have more crouched limbs and lepidosaurs have sprawling (well-abducted) limbs. Both synapsids and reptiles underwent a postural transition from sprawling to more erect limbs during the Mesozoic Era. In Reptilia, this postural change is prominent among archosauriforms in the Triassic Period. However, limb posture in many key Triassic taxa remains poorly known. In Synapsida, the chronology of this transition is less clear, and competing hypotheses exist. On land, the limb bones are subject to various stresses related to body support that partly shape their external and internal morphology. Indeed, bone trabeculae (lattice-like bony struts that form the spongy bone tissue) tend to orient themselves along lines of force. Here, we study the link between femoral posture and the femoral trabecular architecture using phylogenetic generalized least squares. We show that microanatomical parameters measured on bone cubes extracted from the femoral head of a sample of amniote femora depend strongly on body mass, but not on femoral posture or lifestyle. We reconstruct ancestral states of femoral posture and various microanatomical parameters to study the "sprawling-to-erect" transition in reptiles and synapsids, and obtain conflicting results. We tentatively infer femoral posture in several hypothetical ancestors using phylogenetic flexible discriminant analysis from maximum likelihood estimates of the microanatomical parameters. In general, the trabecular network of the femoral head is not a good indicator of femoral posture. However, ancestral state reconstruction methods hold great promise for advancing our understanding of the evolution of posture in amniotes.</p>
SI Movies for "Dynamics of dominance: maneuvers, contests, and assessment in the posture-scale movements of interacting zebrafish"
<p>This is a repository of the Supplementary Movies from the paper "Dynamics of dominance: maneuvers, contests, and assessment in the posture-scale movements of interacting zebrafish".</p><h3>SM1</h3><p><br>This movie is a visualization of the tracking pipeline output, namely the 3D bodypoint positions of the two zebrafish over time. In this animation, we show the 3D locations of the head (circle), pec (square) and tail (cross) bodypoints of the winner (red) and loser (blue) throughout an entire experiment, the same experiment shown in Fig3(A) of the paper. The movie is downsampled from the 100fps recordings to 25fps to reduce file size. (1hr 23min 29sec)</p><h3>Notes on SM2-6</h3><p>In these movies we show two panels. The left panel shows an animation of the contestant 3D bodypoint positions. The right panel shows the XZ camera view of the tank with the XZ image coordinates of bodypoints drawn over the fish. The movies run at 100fps and are all 2 minutes long. The movies are each centered at a different time during the FishTank20200130_153857 recording, with one minute before, and one minute after, the chosen centered point.</p><h3>SM2</h3><p>This video is centred at the frame identified as the start of the first fight bout.</p><h3>SM3</h3><p>This video is centered at the frame identified as the middle of the first fight bout.</p><h3>SM4</h3><p>This video is centered at the frame identified as the end of the first fight bout.</p><h3>SM5</h3><p>This video is centered at the frame identified as the start of the second fight bout.</p><h3>SM6</h3><p>This video is centered at the frame identified as the end of the second fight bout.</p>
Foot kinematics and kinetics data for different static foot posture collected using a multi-segment foot model
<p>Dataset presented in the paper <em>"Foot kinematics and kinetics data for different static foot posture collected using a multi-segment foot model".</em></p> <p>This dataset contains human foot joints kinematics and kinetics data collected during walking, classified depending on their static foot posture. The kinematics data were recorded using a three-dimensional motion analysis system, and kinetics data were recorded through a pressure platform. The data was collected considering a multi-segment foot model that considers the ankle, midtarsal and first metatarsophalangeal joint. A total of 70 healthy subjects with different static posture (highly pronated, highly supinated and normal, as classified by the foot posture index) participated in the experiments. This dataset contains a total of 350 continuous recordings of anatomical angles and joint moments of the ankle, midtarsal, and first metatarsophalangeal joints of the right foot during walking, as well as the right foot contact pressures recorded. The recordings were collected at 100 Hz, and the resulting data are provided filtered and resampled to 100 frames evenly distributed along the stance phase. Participants’ descriptive data are also provided: age, weight, height, and foot anthropometric data and foot posture index for both feet. The data are presented as a spreadsheet file (.xlsx) and a Matlab structure file (.mat), with contact pressures provided only in the .mat file. Further details and data validation are provided in the main paper.</p>
Data for: Roles of the cerebellar vermis in predictive postural controls against external disturbances
<p>The central nervous system predictively controls posture against external disturbances; however, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the cerebellar vermis plays a substantial role in acquiring predictive postural control by using a standing task with floor disturbances in rats. The intact, lesioned, and sham groups of rats sequentially underwent 70 conditioned floor-tilting trials, and kinematics were recorded. Six days before these recordings, only the lesion group underwent focal suction surgery targeting vermal lobules Ⅳ-Ⅷ. In the naïve stage of the sequential trials, the upright postures and fluctuations due to the disturbance were mostly consistent among the groups. Although the pattern of decrease in postural fluctuation due to learning corresponded among the groups, the learning rate estimated from the lumbar displacement was significantly lower in the lesion group than in the intact and sham groups (approximately 35% of the sham group). These results suggest that the cerebellar vermis contributes to predictive postural control.</p>
Behavioral and postural analyses establish sleep-like states for mosquitoes that can impact host landing and blood feeding
<p>Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved process that has been described in different animal systems. For insects, sleep characterization has been primarily achieved using behavioral and electrophysiological correlates in a few systems. Sleep in mosquitoes, which are important vectors of disease-causing pathogens, has not been directly examined. This is surprising as circadian rhythms, which have been well studied in mosquitoes, influence sleep in other systems. In this study, we characterized sleep in mosquitoes using body posture analysis and behavioral correlates and quantified the effect of sleep deprivation on sleep rebound, host landing and blood-feeding propensity. Body and appendage position metrics revealed a clear distinction between the posture of mosquitoes in their putative sleep and awake states for multiple species, which correlate with a reduction in responsiveness to host cues. Sleep assessment informed by these posture analyses indicated significantly more sleep during periods of low activity. Nighttime and daytime sleep deprivation resulting from the delivery of vibration stimuli induced sleep rebound in the subsequent phase in day and night active mosquitoes, respectively. Lastly, sleep deprivation suppressed host landing in both laboratory and field settings, and impaired blood-feeding of a human host when mosquitoes would normally be active. These results suggest that quantifiable sleep states occur in mosquitoes and highlight the potential epidemiological importance of mosquito sleep.</p>
Videos from "Postural analysis reveals persistent vigilance in paper wasps after conspecific challenge"
<p>Videos of field assays demonstrating persistent effects of a simulated social challenge on the vigilance behavior of wild northern paper wasp foundresses, <em>Polistes fuscatus</em>. Untracked and tracked ("predictions.cleaned.slp") videos included.</p>
Effects of a body manipulation of Japanese martial arts on interpersonal correlation of postural sway
<p><span>This study aimed to investigate the nature of a specific body manipulation named Suichoku-Ririku (SR) in Japanese martial arts. SR is regarded as a method to change the way of stance and to distort the balance control of the opponent, but its nature and mechanism are unknown. In the present study, we attempted to determine the effect of SR in the cases where a person stood alone (Expt. 1) and where two persons stood in contact (Expt. 2). We compared several centers of pressure (COP) measures between the normal stance and SR stance conditions. When participants stood independently (Expt. 1), the COP path length, the standard deviation of COP velocity, and permutation entropy of the COP increased with the SR stance, which suggested that the SR maneuver destabilized a quiet stance. When two participants stood (with normal stance) in contact by wrist-holding or by light touch (Expt. 2), their COP motions were correlated with each other, as previously reported. When one of the participants took the SR maneuver, their correlation and mutual information were maintained, denying the view that SR would diminish the interpersonal correlation of body sway. On the other hand, a fluctuation in the COP increased only for the participant taking the SR maneuver, and not for the other participant. This asymmetric effect of the SR maneuver between two participants, irrespective of maintained mutual correlation, suggests that the relationship between the balance controls of two participants was partly disrupted. We discuss possible mechanisms for the present results.</span></p>
sustAGE User Postures & Actions Monitoring dataset
<p>The sustAGE User Postures & Actions Monitoring dataset contains videos, data related to occurrences of ergonomic (body straining) postures as well as heart rate measurements of line workers during work activities in a realistic manufacturing environment. The time-synchronized data streams were captured during assembly tasks performed by real line workers in a realistic car door assembly production line in the premises of Stellantis --- Centro Ricerche FIAT (CRF)/SPW Research \& Innovation department in Melfi, Italy in the context of the sustAGE project.</p> <p>The dataset can be used by methods that target the following research tasks: a) vision-based detection of worker’s ergonomically unhealthy (body straining) postures during assembly tasks according to the MURI risk analysis tool, b) vision-based recognition of human assembly actions, c) multi-modal analysis and forecasting of worker heart rate and physical fatigue based on heart rate measurements and the detection (annotated occurrences) of body straining postures during work activities. Each video shows a single line worker that performs a series of car door assembly activities, noted as a task cycle execution, for a specific workstation of the production line. A set of twelve task cycle executions performed by three different workers were captured using static StereoLabs ZED or ZED2 sensors. Each task cycle execution has a mean duration of 4 minutes. Moreover, time-synchronised data for the occurrences of body straining postures and worker heart rate are available for 8 work sessions. Each work session was recorded during morning or afternoon time of the work shift and regards 3 to 5 consecutive task cycle executions performed by the same line worker. Heart rate data was captured using a Garmin Vivoactive 3 smartwatch. Time annotations are available for the samples collected during the work sessions based on the Unix time (Epoch time) format.</p> <p>Annotation data are available for twelve task cycle executions and contain the semantic labels and temporal boundaries of each assembly action and for the ergonomic risk scores of body straining postures performed by the line worker during each task cycle execution. Data was provided by experts in manufacturing and ergonomics based on the MURI risk analysis tool.</p> <p>Documentation of this dataset can be found in [1].</p> <p>If you use the dataset in your research work, you are kindly asked to cite [1] in your publications.</p> <p>[1] Papoutsakis K, Papadopoulos G, Maniadakis M, Papadopoulos T, Lourakis M, Pateraki M, Varlamis I. Detection of Physical Strain and Fatigue in Industrial Environments Using Visual and Non-Visual Low-Cost Sensors. MDPI <em>Technologies</em>. 2022; 10(2):42. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies10020042">https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies10020042</a></p>
Muscle activity, ground reaction forces and pointing performance during postural control tasks in healthy adults
<p>To investigate the muscle coordination during postural control, we recorded muscle activity and postural dynamics in healthy human adults. Fourteen participants performed postural tasks in which postural stability and pointing behaviour was varied. The data set contains electromyography of 36 muscles distributed across the body and ground reaction forces recorded during postural control tasks. A full factorial design was used. Stability was either not challenged or challenged in the anterior-posterior or medial-lateral direction. In addition, participants were asked to either relax their arms or to perform an unimanual or a bimanual pointing task. In the pointing task, participants held a laser pointer and pointed it on a target in front of them. Pointing performance was recorded using a video recording of the laser beam on the target area.</p> <p>InformationData.pdf – Description of data acquisition and file structure<br> EMG.zip – EMG data<br> FP.zip – Force plate data<br> Video.zip – Video feed</p>
On the Influence of the Supine Posture onSimulation Sickness in Virtual Reality (Dataset)
<p>The entire experimental data set used for the published work:</p> <p>J. Marengo, P. Lopes, R. Boulic, “On the Influence of the Supine Posture on Simulation Sickness in Virtual Reality“, in Proc. of IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), London, August 20th-23rd 2019</p> <p>Please cite the above work if this dataset was used within your own work.</p> <p>This data set includes:</p> <p>All scripts used for Data Analysis.<br> Raw data collected during the experiment.<br> All plots used in the paper.</p>
Sway frequencies may predict postural instability in Parkinson's disease: Data
<p>Dataset with raw Center of Pressure (COP) and Center of Mass (COM) time series along with respective wavelet spectrograms.</p> <p>Recorded during 30 seconds of quiet stance. 10 trials per participant. Sampled at 50 Hz.</p> <p>18 individuals with Parkinson's disease, 15 healthy controls.</p> <p>Detailed data description can be found in the word file.</p> <p> </p>
A high-precision method of segmenting complex postures in C. elegans and deep phenotyping to analyze lifespan
<p>The data for our paper, "A high-precision method of segmenting complex postures in <em>C. elegans</em> and deep phenotyping to analyze lifespan", includes the following three components:</p> <ol> <li>Synthetic image dataset, CSB-1 dataset, and MD dataset, which originate from the paper <em>"WormSwin: Instance segmentation of C. elegans using Vision Transformer"</em>.</li> <li>BBC010 dataset, sourced from the paper <em>"Annotated high-throughput microscopy image sets for validation".</em></li> <li>Training weights for the Synthetic image dataset, CSB-1 dataset, MD dataset, and BBC010 dataset, as well as the pretrained weights used for worm tracking. The training weights from the synthetic image dataset can serve as pretrained weights for training on other datasets.</li> </ol> <p>Our experimental results are based on the average of multiple training runs; here, we have only uploaded one set of weights per dataset to facilitate reproducibility for readers. For more detailed information on the datasets, please refer to the relevant papers.</p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.