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Fig. 14 in The genus Setaphyes (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) in European waters: Redescription of Setaphyes dentatus (Reinhard, 1881) and Setaphyes kielensis (Zelinka, 1928), including notes on morphometrics, sexually dimorphic features and reproduction of the genus

Fig. 14. SEM photographs of females (ZMB 12475: B; ZMB 12454: D), and males (ZMB 12458: A; ZMB 12470: C) of Setaphyes kielensis from Sylt. A: ventral view of the right sternal plates of segments 2–3 with an extra ventromedial tube on only one sternal plate of segment 3; B: lateral view of the right side of segments 2–4; C: ventral view of the right sternal plate of segment 5; D: dorsolateral view of the left side of the tergal plate of segment 2. Abbreviations: dse, double setae; mse, multiple setae; vmtu, ventromedial tube.

Fig. 7 in The genus Setaphyes (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) in European waters: Redescription of Setaphyes dentatus (Reinhard, 1881) and Setaphyes kielensis (Zelinka, 1928), including notes on morphometrics, sexually dimorphic features and reproduction of the genus

Fig. 7. SEM photographs of two females (110412 Huelva_sp1: A; 110412 Huelva_sp2: B, D; specimens damaged during study and not deposited) from Huelva and adults of indeterminate sex of Setaphyes dentatus from Huelva (ZMB 12751: E; ZMB 12752: F), and Algeciras (ZMB 12750: C; G) populations. A: detail of the reticular, net-like ornamentation on the dorsal, anterior margin of segment 1; B: middorsal to lateroventral view of segment 1; C: middorsal elevation of segment 2; D: middorsal elevation of segment 3; E: detail of laterodorsal sensory spot of segment 1; F: middorsal view of segments 8–9; G: middorsal process of segment 9. Abbreviations: co, cuticular ornamentation; mde, middorsal elevation; mdp, middorsal process; pdse, paradorsal setae. Numbers after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment. Dashed circles mark sensory spots.

Fig. 10 in The genus Setaphyes (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) in European waters: Redescription of Setaphyes dentatus (Reinhard, 1881) and Setaphyes kielensis (Zelinka, 1928), including notes on morphometrics, sexually dimorphic features and reproduction of the genus

Fig. 10. Light micrographs of females (ZMB 12307: A; ZMB 12742: B–C, E–J; ZMB 12744: D), and male (ZMB 12294: K) of Setaphyes kielensis. A: Sector 6 (middorsal) of the introvert; B: Dorsal view of segments 1–3; C: Ventral view of segments 1–3; D: Ventral view on left side of the sternal plate of segments 5–6; E: Dorsal view of segments 4–7; F: Ventral view of segments 4–7; G: Dorsal view on the central part of the tergal plate of segments 3–4; H: Dorsal view of segments 8–11; I: Ventral view of segments 8–11; J: Female LTS; K: Male LTS. Abbreviations: ldse, laterodorsal setae; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvse, lateroventral setae; mde, middorsal elevation; ne, nephridiopore; pdse, paradorsal setae; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; ps, penile spines; psp, primary spinoscalid; sp, spinoscalid (followed by the number of corresponding ring); ts, trichoscalids; vlse, ventrolateral setae; vmse, ventromedial setae. Lambda symbols (Λ) mark attachment points of scalids (A). Numbers after abbreviations indicate the number of the corresponding segment. Dashed circles mark sensory spots.

Fig. 15 in The genus Setaphyes (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) in European waters: Redescription of Setaphyes dentatus (Reinhard, 1881) and Setaphyes kielensis (Zelinka, 1928), including notes on morphometrics, sexually dimorphic features and reproduction of the genus

Fig. 15. Variation in selected measurements of Setaphyes algarvensis (1866, 2♀♀), S. cimarensis (1366, 10♀♀), S. dentatus (5366, 83♀♀), S. elenae (466, 5♀♀), S. flaveolatus (1066, 18♀♀) and S. kielensis (1566, 19♀♀). Jittered points mark the values, boxplots mark the median and quantiles and density plots summarize the data distribution. A: Total trunk length; B: Ratio between lateral terminal spines length and total trunk length; C: Total trunk length separated by sex; D: Ratio between lateral terminal spines length and total trunk length separated by sex. Abbreviations: LTS, lateral terminal spines; TL, total trunk length.

FIGURE 6. A, B in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 6. A, B. Drawing of Cothurnia buetschlii (specimen 2) ventrally on segment 10 of Setaphyes kielensis (ZMB 12486) as longitudinal optical section (A) and lorica in cross-section (B). Abbreviations: an, annulation on surface of zooid; en, endostyle with striae; inf, withdrawn infundibulum with cilia; lo, lorica; ma, macronucleus; mi, micronucleus; po, pore in cementing mass; sc, spherical cavity; st, stalk with internal striae; zo, zooid. Scale bar 30 µm.

FIGURE 4 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 4. Setaphyes kielensis (A, ZMB 12469; B, ZMB 12489; C, ZMB 12486; D, E, ZMB 12492; F, ZMB 12488) with specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov., SEM (A), and DIC (B–F). A. Segment 1, empty shells of epibionts, ventral view. B. Segments 1–11, optical section. C. Epibionts with capitated tentacles arranged in left and right row. Extended focus image of three images. D. Epibiont with developing swarmer. Arrowheads mark membrane of swarmer. E. Epibiont with swarmer recently freed from its parent. F. Segments 4–6, ventral view. Note thickened lorica in basal two thirds of epibionts. Arrow marks longitudinal striation of stalk of epibiont. Abbreviations: ca, basal cavity in lorica; co, specimen of Cothurnia buetschlii; lo, lorica; lts, lateral terminal spine; ma, macronucleus; mi, micronucleus; s, segment, followed by segment number; su, suctorian epibiont; sw, swarmer; te, tentacle. Scale bar in A, D, E 20 µm, in B 100 µm, in C 30 µm, and in F 50 µm.

FIGURE 8 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 8. Setaphyes kielensis (A, ZMB 12468; B, ZMB 12474) with epibionts, SEM. A. Segment 6, left side. Arrow marks laterally recessed anterior margin of lorica of Cothurnia buetschlii. B. Segments 8–10, dorsal view. Abbreviations: co, Cothurnia buetschlii; fp, filamentous prokaryotes; s, segment, followed by segment number; su, suctorian epibiont; te, tentacles. Scale bar in A 10 µm and in B 20 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 3. Setaphyes kielensis (A–C, ZMB 12475; D, ZMB 12464; E, F, ZMB 12465; G, ZMB 12462) with specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov., SEM, ventral view. A–C. Specimen with 43 epibionts, segments 1–4 (A), 5–7 (B), and 8–11 (C). D. Segment 8, epibiont surface. E. Segment 6, epibiont surface covered with detritus. F. Segment 8, frontal view on small spherical specimen of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. G. Segment 10, arrow marks specimen with withdrawn tentacles. Abbreviations: gco, gland cell outlet; lts, lateral terminal spine; s, segment, followed by segment number; se, seta; su, suctorian epibiont; te, tentacle. Scale bar in A–C 40 µm, in D–F 10 µm, and in G 20 µm.

FIGURE 10 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 10. Setaphyes kielensis (A–C, ZMB 12458; D, ZMB 12488) with cuticular marks and filamentous prokaryotes, SEM (A–C) and DIC (D). A. Cuticular marks (arrows) of detached ciliate specimens, laterodorsal view. B. Segment 1 with large mucous? attachment sites to basibiont (arrows), frontal view. C. Segments 7–11, ventral view. D. Segments 8–10, ventral view. Abbreviations: co, Cothurnia buetschlii; fp, filamentous prokaryotes; lts, lateral terminal spine; pl, placid; s, segment, followed by segment number; su, suctorian epibiont. Scale bar in A–C 20 µm and in D 50 µm.

FIGURE 1 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 1. Map showing the locations of Pycnophyes communis, Setaphyes dentatus, and S. kielensis in European waters and the sampling site of S. dentatus and S. kielensis in the North Sea, island of Sylt (asterisks in inset A).

FIGURE 9 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 9. Setaphyes kielensis (ZMB 12486), segment 10 with Cothurnia buetschlii (specimens 1–4), ventral view. A. Overview of position of epibionts. Numbers indicate specimens of C. buetschlii (comp. also Table 6). B–G. Specimens 3 (B) and 4 (C–G), images 8 (C), 15 (D), 19 (E), 24 (F) and 28 (G) showing surface annulation of zooid (C, D), internal longitudinal striae of stalk and endostyle (D–F), and attachment site of stalk to the cuticle of the basibiont (G, arrowheads). Note elongate macronucleus and numerous micronuclei (E–G). White arrows (D, E) mark basal outer margin of lorica, black arrows (D, E) point to bottom margin of lorica. Abbreviations: an, annulation on surface of zooid; ci, ciliae; en, endostyle; in, withdrawn infundibulum; lo, lorica; lts, lateral terminal spine; ma, macronucleus; mi, micronucleus; ps, penile spine; sc, spherical cavity; st, stalk; su, suctorian epibiont; zo, zooid. Scale bar in A 50 µm and in D 20 µm, valid for B–G.

FIGURE 7 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 7. Setaphyes kielensis (ZMB 12468) with epibionts, SEM. A. Segments 1–11, ventral-right. B. Segments 4–8, ventral view. Arrows mark laterally recessed anterior margin of lorica of Cothurnia buetschlii. Abbreviations: co, Cothurnia buetschlii; fp, filamentous prokaryotes; lts, lateral terminal spine; s, segment, followed by segment number; se, seta; su, suctorian epibiont; tu, tube. Scale bar in A 100 µm and in B 20 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 2. Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. on Setaphyes kielensis. A. Drawing of the holotype with internal developing swarmer ventrally on segment 1 of basibiont (ZMB 12499). B. Paratype in side view ventrally on segment 3 of basibiont (ZMB 12489). Arrow marks apical cleft within lorica. Abbreviations: ca, basal cavity in lorica; lo, lorica; ma, macronucleus; mi, micronucleus; st, stalk with internal striation (information taken from different specimen); sw, swarmer; te, tentacle; zo, zooid. Scale bar 30 µm.

FIGURE 5 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 5. Setaphyes kielensis (A, ZMB 12489; B, ZMB 12500; C, ZMB 12499; D, ZMB 12487; J, ZMB 12486; L, ZMB 12397; M, ZMB 12369) and S. dentatus (E–G, K, ZMB 12503; F, H, I, ZMB 12494) with specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. (A–G, J–M), Cothurnia buetschlii (J), and a case of fungus or developmental artefact (H, I, ZMB 12494), DIC. A. Segments 1–4, lateral and dorso-ventral view on the calyciform, dorso-ventrally compressed lorica with the zooid, ventrolateral view on basibiont. B. Epibiont with swarmer, stalk, and lorica in optical section. C. Epibiont with two macronuclei not fusing at any focal level. D, E. Young, small, spherical epibionts with few tentacles, not all tentacles in focus. F. Young specimen on cuticle of basibiont with striation pattern on surface (arrows). G. Epibiont with tentacles in empty shell of suctorian epibiont. H, I. Segment 10, dorsally (H) and optical section (I), subcuticular fungus or internal sclerotisation artefact of the cuticle (arrows). J. Assemblage of epibionts on segment 10 of basibiont with C. buetschlii (contracted specimen left, extended specimen right), T. husselae sp. nov., and two kinds of filamentous bacteria. Arrows mark endostyle. K. Suctorian on segment 7 of S. dentatus. L, M. Specimens collected 1998, showing cellular substructures (L) and withdrawn zooid with minimum amount of cellular substructures (M). Extended focus images of six (D), eight (H, L), and three (K) images. Arrowheads mark stalks in B, D, E, G, and J. Abbreviations: ba, bacteria; ca, basal cavity in lorica; co, C. buetschlii; en, endostyle; lo, lorica; ma, macronucleus; s, segment, followed by segment number; sc, spherical cavity; sp, sperm; st, stalk; su, suctorian epibiont; sw, swarmer; te, tentacle; tu, tube on segment 2. Scale bar in A 50 µm, in B 20 µm, valid for B, G–J and M, in C 20 µm, valid for C, K, and L, and in D–F 10 µm.

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FIGURE 8. Kinorhynchus yushini Adrianov, 1989 in First report of kinorhynchs from Hokkaido, Japan, including a new species of Pycnophyes (Pycnophyidae: Homalorhagida)

FIGURE 8. Kinorhynchus yushini Adrianov, 1989, female, ZIHU 3883. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view.

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FIGURE 1 in First report of kinorhynchs from Hokkaido, Japan, including a new species of Pycnophyes (Pycnophyidae: Homalorhagida)

FIGURE 1. Map of northern Japan showing sampling localities for kinorhynchs.

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FIGURE 6 in Leiocanthus quinquenudus sp. nov. and L. satanicus sp. nov., two new species of pycnophyid Kinorhyncha (Allomalorhagida: Pycnophyidae) from the Gulf of Mexico

FIGURE 6. Light micrographs showing trunk overviews and details in the head, neck and main cuticular ornamentations of female holotype NHMD-915202 (A–B, I–J) and male paratype NHMD-915207 (C–H, K) of Leiocanthus satanicus sp. nov. A, dorsal overview; B, ventral overview; C, outer oral styles of mouth cone (arrows indicate the lateral incisions); D, detail of a spinoscalid (arrow indicates the fringes of the basal sheath), inset shows the rhomboid cuticular piece; E, trichoscalids; F, regular-sized scalids of sector 03 (black head arrows indicate the arrangement of the scalids); G, dorsal placids; H, ventral placids (arrows indicate the posterolateral margins); I, horn-shaped anterolateral projections of segment 1 tergal plate; J, daggerlike extensions of segment 10 tergal plate; K, anterior margin of segment 1 tergal plate and conspicuous cuticular wrinkles (indicated by arrow and circle). Scales: A–B, 100 μm; C–K, 20 μm; inset of D, 10 μm. Abbreviations: bs, basal sheath; ep, endpiece; s03, introvert sector 3.

FIGURE 7 in First report of kinorhynchs from Hokkaido, Japan, including a new species of Pycnophyes (Pycnophyidae: Homalorhagida)

FIGURE 7. Pycnophyes oshoroensis sp. nov., holotype, female, ZIHU 3872, Nomarski photomicrographs. A. Overview of dorsal side. B. Overview of ventral side. C. Neck and segments 1 and 2, dorsal view. D. Neck and segments 1 and 2, ventral view. Abbreviations: amp, anterior middorsal projection; esp, episternal plate; mde, middorsal elevation; msp, midsternal plate; pl, placid; rc, reticulate cuticular area; tca, thin cuticle area.

FIGURE 3 in First report of kinorhynchs from Hokkaido, Japan, including a new species of Pycnophyes (Pycnophyidae: Homalorhagida)

FIGURE 3. Cephalorhyncha asiatica (Adrianov, 1989), male, scanning electron micrographs. A. Overview of dorsal side. B. Mouth cone, dorsal view. C. Introvert, dorsal view. D. Segment 8, dorsal view. E. Enlargement of anterior subdorsal position of segment 4. F. Segmenst 10 and 11, lateral view. Circles indicate sensory spots (dotted line) and glandular cell outlet (solid line). Abbreviations: ldt, laterodorsal tubule; lts, lateral terminal spine; mdp, middorsal placid; mds 4–8, middorsal spine on segments 4–8; oo. outer oral style; ps1–3, penile spine 1–3; sp, spinoscalid; tr, trichoscalid.

FIGURE 9. Kinorhynchus yushini Adrianov, 1989, scanning electron micrographs. A in First report of kinorhynchs from Hokkaido, Japan, including a new species of Pycnophyes (Pycnophyidae: Homalorhagida)

FIGURE 9. Kinorhynchus yushini Adrianov, 1989, scanning electron micrographs. A. Overview of dorsal side. B. Segments 2–6, ventral view. C. Segments 1–5, lateral view. D. Enlargement of segment 9, lateral view. E. Segments 8–11, dorsal view in female. F. Segments 8–11, dorsal view in male. Circles of dotted line indicate sensory spots. Abbreviations: at, adhesive tubule; dae, dagger-like lateral element; ldse, laterodorsal seta; mde, middorsal elevation; mdp, middorsal process; mdse, middorsal seta; mlse, midlateral seta; pro, protonephridia pore; seg, segment. Digits after abbreviations refer to segment number.