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57 results for “Rhamdia”
Fig. 2 in Larvae occurrences of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) in an area under dam influence in the upper Paraná River region, Brazil
Fig. 2. Average abundance of R. quelen larvae by spawning period (a), month (b), and sampling station (c).
Fig. 3 in Larvae occurrences of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) in an area under dam influence in the upper Paraná River region, Brazil
Fig. 3. Monthly density and per sampling stations of the larval development stages of Rhamdia quelen in Ilha Grande National Park.
Fig. 1 in Larvae occurrences of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) in an area under dam influence in the upper Paraná River region, Brazil
Fig. 1. Location of sampling stations (black dots). (1: Bandeirantes right channel; 2: Amambaí; 3: Triângulo; 4: Porto Santo Antônio; 5: Peruzzi; 6: Paraná/Iguatemi; 7: Iguatemi; 8: Paraná/Saraiva; 9: Saraiva middle; 10: Saraiva channel; 11: Ilha Grande right channel; 12: Bandeirantes left channel; 13: Ilha Grande Pontal; 14: Alvarenga; 15: Esmeralda; 16: Três Coqueiros; 17: São João; 18: Porto Luiz; 19 Porto Cerâmica; 20: Piquiri; 21: Porto Terra Roxa; 22: Ilha Grande left channel).
Fig. 1 in Transport of jundiá Rhamdia quelen juveniles at different loading densities: water quality and blood parameters
Fig. 1. Plasma cortisol and blood glucose of jundiá juveniles transported at different loading densities. Different letters over the bars indicate significant differences (P <0.05) among treatments within each experimental time. Asterisks show significant differences (P <0.001) when compared to the initial value.
Fig. 3 in Ion fluxes in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles exposed to different dissolved oxygen levels
Fig. 3. Na+ (A) and Cl- (B) net fluxes of silver catfish juveniles acclimated to 2.5 (2.5 – 6.0) or 6.0 (6.0 – 6.0) mg.L-1 dissolved oxygen levels for three weeks and transferred to aquaria with 6.0 mg.L-1 dissolved oxygen levels. Data expressed as mean ± SEM. Positive values indicate net influxes, and negative values net effluxes. Mean value of Cl- flux at 24 h in juveniles transferred to 6.0 mg.L-1 is too small to be seen in the figure. * significantly different from juveniles transferred to 6.0 mg.L-1 at the same time after transference by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (P <0.05).
Fig. 6 in A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior
Fig. 6. Dorsal view of the neurocranium of R. enfurnada (MZUSP 87779). AF, anterior fontanel; "IS", infraorbital bone series; FR, frontal; L, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; ME, mesethmoid; PF, posterior fontanel; PM, premaxilla; PT, pterotic; SP, sphenotic; SU, supraoccipital. Scale bar 2.5 mm. Drawing: F. D. Passos.
Fig. 7 in A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior
Fig. 7. Boxplots showing the proportions of R. enfurnada (a) and Rhamdia cf. quelen (b) found to be significantly different. HW:SL (head width:standard length), MB:SL (maxillary barbel length:standard length), IMB:SL (inner mental barbel length:standard length), IOW:HL (interorbital width:head length), ORB:HL (orbital diameter:head length), DFH:SL (dorsal fin height:standard length), PSL:PFL (pectoral-spine length:pectoral fin length), AFB:SL (anal-fin base length:standard length), AC:SL (anal origin to caudal base:standard length), CPD:CPL (caudal-peduncle depth:caudal peduncle length).
Fig. 5 in A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior
Fig. 5. Left pectoral fin spine of R. enfurnada showing the anterior margin with four retrorse dentations (MZUSP 87779). Scale bar, 2.5 mm. Drawing: F. D. Passos.
Fig. 1 in A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior
Fig. 1. Rhamdia enfurnada from Gruna do Enfurnado, Bahia State, northeastern Brazil; a, b, holotype, MZUSP 87776, 137.8 mm SL, in lateral and dorsal views, respectively; c, holotype, detail showing the long posterior-cleithral process (PCP). Scale bar, 20 mm. Drawing: F. D. Passos.
Fig. 4 in A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior
Fig. 4. Eye size variability of two paratypes of R. enfurnada; a, reduced eyes (32.9 mm HL); b, externally invisible eyes, with a conspicuous orbital concavity (32.1 mm HL); (MZUSP 87777).
Fig. 3 in Skin extract from Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) does not promote stress in conspecifics
Fig. 3. Locomotion displayed by Rhamdia quelen. Symbols
Figure 2 in Gross brain morphology of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 2. Brain of Rhamdia quelen, MZUEL 6036, 222.37 mm SL, in (a) dorsal, (b) lateral and (c) ventral views. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 4 in Gross brain morphology of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 4. Details brain regions of species of Heptapteridae in dorsal view. (a) Pimelodella gracilis, MZUEL 1574; (b) Imparfinis mirini, MZUEL 4028; (c) Rhamdia quelen, MZUEL 6036; (d) Imparfinis mirini, MZUEL 4028. White arrows indicate the position of tectum mesencephali in relation to telencephalon. Red arrows indicate the position of lateral line lobe in relation to lobus vagi. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 1 in Gross brain morphology of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 1. Camera lucida drawing of the brain and neurocranium of an adult specimen of Rhamdia quelen, MZUEL 7418, 64.03 mm SL, in dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. a.f: anterior fontanel; ap: autopalatine; boc: basioccipital; bol: bulbus olfactorius; ep: epiotic; exc: extracapula; exo: exoccipital; fr: frontal; l.et: lateral ethmoid; ma: maxilla; me: mesethmoid; nII: nervus opticus; nV: nervus trigeminus; nVII: nervus facialis; nVIII: nervus octavus; nX: nervus vagus; na: nasal; nllp: nervus lineae lateralis posterior; of: olfactory organ; os: orbitosphenoid; pa: parasphenoid; p.f: posterior fontanel; p.m: premaxillary; pro: prootic; ps: pterosphenoid; pt: pterotic; soc: supraoccipital; socp: supraoccipital process; sph: sphenotic; tol: tractus olfactorius; vo: vomer. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 3 in Gross brain morphology of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 3. Brain of species of Heptapteridae in dorsal view. (a) Cetopsorhamdia iheringi, MZUEL 2260; (b) Goeldiella eques, MZUEL 7417; (c) Heptapterus mustelinus, MZUEL 5074; (d) Imparfinis mirini, MZUEL 4028; (e) Pimelodella gracilis, MZUEL 1574; (f) Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa, MZUEL 2706; (g) Rhamdia quelen, MZUEL 6036. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Data from: Genetic and morphometric evidence for the recognition of several recently synonymized species of trans-Andean Rhamdia (Pisces: Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
A recent taxonomic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Rhamdia (Pisces: Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) reduced a number of described species to synonymy, especially under a broadly circumscribed R. quelen. Evidence is presented here from DNA sequence data, external morphology, and morphometrics that argues for the recognition of R. guatemalensis in Central and northern South America and R. saijaensis and R. cinerascens in the Pacific drainages of Colombia and Ecuador, respectively. The DNA data indicate that all trans-Andean samples form a monophyletic group, within which there are separate clades corresponding to R. laticauda and the synonymized R. guatemalensis, R. saijaensis, and R. cinerascens. The morphometric data substantiate the phylogenetic groupings, and in external morphology, each putative species has diagnostic characters. Rhamdia guatemalensis is characterized by insertion of the adipose fin closer to the dorsal fin than to the caudal fin and presence of a conspicuous lateral longitudinal dark band; R. saijaensis is characterized by a small head with head length 20.8–23.4% of standard length and by lacking a lateral longitudinal band; and R. cinerascens is characterized by a large head with head length 25.8–30.1% of standard length, base of the adipose fin 30.3–33.3% of standard length, outer mental barbels extending to the base of the pectoral rays, and presence of a faint lateral longitudinal band. The external morphological differences and phylogenetic relationships indicate that these groups are both recognizable and represent independent lineages, which argue for their recognition as species.
FIGURE 6 in Morphology and molecular data reveal the presence of two new species under Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) species complex
FIGURE 6. LineAr regression PloTs of The mAin morPhologiCAl meAsuremenTs ThAT diAgnose The Two new sPeCies of Rhamdia in souThern CDSEB region. Blue CirCle: Rhamdia Aff. quelen; red CirCle: Rhamdia gabrielae; green TriAngle: Rhamdia eurycephala. DAshed lines rePresenT 95% ConfidenCe inTervAl.
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and molecular data reveal the presence of two new species under Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) species complex
FIGURE 3. MismATCh disTribuTion for: (A) CoAsTAl PlAin GrouP (Rhamdia aff. quelen), (B) MAquiné-MAmPiTubA GrouP (Rhamdia gabrielae), And (C) TubArão GrouP (Rhamdia eurycephala). Coloured line is observed dATA And grAy line is exPeCTed dATA.
FIGURE 9 in Morphology and molecular data reveal the presence of two new species under Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) species complex
FIGURE 9. Rhamdia eurycephala (UFRGS 19908), holoTyPe, 246.6 mm SL. In dorsAl, lATerAl, And venTrAl views.
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and molecular data reveal the presence of two new species under Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) species complex
FIGURE 2. HAPloTyPe neTwork using MediAn-Joining for Rhamdia sAmPles for miToChondriAl dATA (mTDNA) And nuCleAr dATA (nDNA). EACh CirCle rePresenTs A single hAPloTyPe And iTs size is ProPorTionAl To iTs frequenCy. DifferenT Colours rePresenT differenT PoPulATions. CoAsTAl PlAin GrouP (Rhamdia Aff. quelen) rePresenTed in blues And grAy, TubArão GrouP (Rhamdia eurycephala) rePresenTed in green, And MAquiné-MAmPiTubA GrouP (Rhamdia gabrielae) rePresenTed in hoT Colours. '
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