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73 results for “Soil carbon stock”
University of Houston Coastal Center soil carbon stocks in 2022
This study sampled plant community composition and soil carbon stocks at two native prairie sites in the Houston metropolitan area. Some of the samples were taken in areas that had been invaded by forest, and in some cases treated to remove invasive species.
European soil bulk density and organic carbon stock database using LUCAS Soil 2018
<p>We complied the European topsoil bulk density and organic carbon stock database (0-20 cm) using LUCAS Soil 2018. This database inlcudes 18,945 and 15,389 soil samples (0-20 cm) with bulk density in fine fraction (Bdfine) and soil organic cabron stock (SOCS) for the EU and UK using the best traditional pedotransfer function (T-PTF-4) and machine leanring based PTFs (Local-RFFRFS). It also contains the POINTID linked to LUCAS Soil 2018, coarse fragements in volume (coarse_vol) and coordinates (GPS_LAT, GPS_LONG). For more information, please refer to LUCAS 2018 TOPSOIL data (https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/lucas-2018-topsoil-data).</p> <p>This dataset is asscoated to the "European soil bulk density and organic carbon stock database using machine learning based pedotransfer function" by Chen et al. (2024).</p> <p>Manuscript citation: Chen, S., Chen, Z., Zhang, X., Luo, Z., Schillaci, C., Arrouays, D., Richer-de-Forges, A.C., Shi, Z. , 2024. European topsoil bulk density and organic carbon stock database (0-20 cm) using machine learning based pedotransfer functions. Earth System Science Data, 16, 2367–2383.</p> <p>When using the data, please cite repositories as well as the original manuscript.</p> <p>For any questions on the data, please contact Dr. Songchao Chen (chensongchao@zju.edu.cn).</p>
Data from: Microbial carbon use efficiency and soil organic carbon stocks across an elevational gradient in the Peruvian Andes
<p>Soils of mountain ecosystems are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate change, while the ecosystem services they produce are significant and currently at risk. High altitude soils contain high C stocks, but due to difficult access to sites these areas are understudied. Moreover, how the C and N cycling is changing in response to climate change in these ecosystems, is still unclear. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and its dependency on the environmental constraints along the altitudinal gradients is one important unknown factor. Here we present results from an altitudinal gradient study (3500 to 4500 m a.s.l.) from a Polylepis forest in the Peruvian Andes. We measured the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and microbial metabolic CUE by <sup>13</sup>C glucose tracing and microbial resource use efficiency (CUE<sub>C</sub><sub>:</sub><sub>N</sub>) based on enzyme activity measurements. We expected to find an increase in SOC stock, microbial nutrient limitations, and lower CUE with elevation. SOC stocks depended on soil development and followed a unimodal curve that peaks at 4000 m in two of the three studied valleys. Neither <sup>13</sup>CUE nor CUE<sub>C:N</sub> changed significantly with altitude. Soil C:N ratio, β-glucosidase, chitinase, and phosphatase enzyme activities increased with elevation, but peroxidase activity decreased with elevation. We suggest that more labile organic matter left at high elevation could compensate for the increasing nutrient limitation at high elevation, resulting in no noticeable change in CUE with elevation.</p>
Woody debris removal modifies carbon stocks and soil properties in a fragmented tropical rainforest
<p>We examined whether and how woody debris removal for domestic fuel affects carbon storage and soil properties in an Indian rainforest. Fuelwood removal reduced aboveground carbon stocks, increased soil bulk density, and possibly reduced soil phosphorus stocks. Equitably balancing this subtle trade-off between climate-regulating and vital, widely-utilized provisioning functions, is a challenge for tropical forest research and management.</p>
High-resolution mapping of soil carbon stocks in the western Amazon
<h2>Dear Researchers and Interested Parties,</h2> <p> It is with great enthusiasm that we share our page on Zenodo, where we provide <strong>detailed maps</strong> (30 m resolution) of <strong>soil carbon stocks in Rondônia, Brazil</strong>. These maps were generated using machine learning techniques, using the Random Forest model implemented in the caret package. This initiative aims to provide a deeper and more accurate understanding of the spatial distribution of carbon in the soil, contributing significantly to environmental studies and climate change mitigation strategies in the region.</p> <h2>Available resources:</h2> <h3>High Resolution Maps:</h3> <p>We provide detailed maps of the estimates and uncertainties of soil carbon stocks at different depths (0-5; 5-15; 15-30; 30-60 and 60-100 cm). The maps include mean values (Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>), quantiles (Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and coefficients of variation (%), all in "tif" format, with a spatial resolution of 30 m and SAD 1969 Lambert South America projection system (<a href="https://epsg.io/102015">EPSG :102015</a>).</p> <p>The entire process was conducted in open source (R Language). The codes and database used <strong>can be found in the <a href="https://github.com/moquedace/ro_soil_carbon_stock" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitHub repository</a></strong>, and more information about the methodology is available in the following publication:</p> <p>Moquedace, C. M., Baldi, C. G. O., Siqueira, R. G., Cardoso I. M., Souza, E. F. M., Fontes, R. L. F., Francelino, M. R., Gomes, L. C., Fernandes-Filho, E. I. High-resolution mapping of soil carbon stocks in the Western Amazon. <em>Geoderma Regional</em>, v. 36, p. e00773, 2024. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00773">10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00773</a></p> <h2>Availability objectives:</h2> <h3>Promote scientific collaborations:</h3> <p>We encourage researchers, scientists, and organizations to explore and use this data to enrich their own research and projects related to soil carbon and climate change.</p> <h3>Enhance environmental understanding:</h3> <p>By providing open access to these maps, we aim to contribute to a deeper understanding of environmental processes in Rondônia, Brazil and, by extension, enable the implementation of sustainable strategies.</p> <h3>Stimulating innovation:</h3> <p>We believe that sharing this data will stimulate innovation in modeling and spatial analysis methods, driving advances in the prediction of soil carbon stocks, especially in the Amazon.</p> <h2>Thank you in advance for your interest and collaboration. Together, we can advance knowledge and the search for sustainable solutions to important environmental challenges.</h2> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Database of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) stock up to 20 cm depth: A collection of studies from Uruguay
<p>This database comprises 667 soil organic carbon (SOC) stock measurements, collected from various studies conducted across Uruguay, with sampling depths extending up to 20 cm. The database aggregates data from 14 studies, including undergraduate and postgraduate theses and research projects, sampled between 2002 and 2024. It provides comprehensive details on the geographic location of sampling sites (latitude and longitude coordinates), the date of sample collection, the methodology employed for SOC determination, the technique used to estimate SOC stock values at the specified depths, and a description of land use at the moment of sampling.</p> <p>This data collection is particularly relevant for evaluating SOC stocks modeling exercises, as it contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of carbon dynamics across various soil types, environmental conditions, land use, and land cover types. The database is available in shapefile format and is expected to serve as a valuable resource for researchers and professionals in the field.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <h3>Data Table Description</h3> <p>The associated data table from this database contains the following key variables:</p> <ul> <li> <p>ID: Unique identifier for each sampling point.</p> </li> <li> <p>Latitude & Longitude: Geographic coordinates of the sampling site.</p> </li> <li> <p>SOC Stock: Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) stock calculated at a fixed depth using the equation SOC stock (MgC/ha) = C × Bd × d, where C represents carbon concentration (%C), Bd is the bulk density of the soil (g/cm³), and d is the depth (cm).</p> </li> <li> <p>Depth: Depth (cm) used for SOC stock calculation. Data were harmonized to a depth of 20 cm; however, lower values are reported for sites where the sampling scheme was conducted at depths less than 20 cm or where bedrock was encountered before reaching 20 cm.</p> </li> <li> <p>Land Use: Simplified land use classification with “grassland”, “agriculture”, or “forest” categories</p> </li> <li> <p>Land Use Extended: If available, the responsible party provides a more detailed explanation of land use.</p> </li> <li> <p>Month & Year: Month and year of sample collection.</p> </li> <li> <p>SOC Method: Methodology used for SOC determination, such as Walkley-Black or dry combustion.</p> </li> <li> <p>Published: Indicates whether the data have been published, with a URL provided if available. If not published, the data are marked as unpublished.</p> </li> <li> <p>SOC Calc: The approach used for calculating SOC stock at a fixed depth, detailed in two possible methods:</p> </li> <ul> <li> <p>Real: For sampling schemes that include a segment ending at 20 cm depth, SOC stock was calculated directly up to 20 cm. This method was also applied when the maximum soil sampling depth was less than 20 cm.</p> </li> <li> <p>Spline: When the sampling depth did not include 20 cm but extended beyond it, a spline interpolation was applied. This method employs all available cumulative values and their associated depths to estimate the SOC stock at 20 cm.</p> </li> </ul> </ul> <h3>Additional Observations</h3> <ul> <li> <p>For sites listed in rows 200-216, the GPS position represents the plot´s centroid, as no specific location was reported.</p> </li> <li> <p>For sites listed in rows 344-633, sampling was conducted at 0-7.5 cm, 7.5-15 cm, and 15-30 cm depth. In sites where the total depth was 15 cm, bulk density was measured only in the first layer (0-7.5 cm), and this value was also applied to the 7.5-15 cm layer. In sites where the total depth was 20 cm, bulk density was measured in all layers and calculated for 20 cm as a weighted average.</p> </li> <li> <p>For sites listed in rows 102-134, bulk density measurements were not taken directly. Instead, data were retrieved from the "SoilGrids" website (<a href="https://soilgrids.org/">https://soilgrids.org/</a>). Bulk density values for the 0-5 cm and 5-15 cm layers were downloaded, and a weighted average was calculated before determining the SOC stock.</p> </li> </ul> <h3> </h3> <h3>Funding:</h3> <p>Funded were provided by ANII (FSDA_1_2018_1_154817, Procesos Inductivos para generación de buenas prácticas agropecuarias: Compilación y análisis de bases de datos a nivel predial; FSA_1_2022_1_175272, Evaluación multiescalar del desempeño ambiental de sistemas agropecuarios con diferente nivel de intensificación a partir de indicadores derivados de sensores remotos); INIA (FPTA-515, Indicadores de sostenibilidad ambiental para el sector agropecuario de Uruguay basados en información derivada de sensores remotos y modelos biofísicos); and IDB (URUGUAY/UR-T1277, Adopción de prácticas Agroecológicas y Huella de Carbono en la Agricultura Uruguaya).</p> <p> </p>
GSOCS-LULCC: the Global Soil Organic Carbon Stock dataset after Land Use and Land Cover Change
<p>We complied the Global Soil Organic Carbon Stock dataset after Land Use and Land Cover Change (GSOCS-LULCC) from 632 papers documented in Web of Science till the June 2024. This database comprises 1,187 sites with 5,805 records at multiple sample depths.<br>This dataset (in csv formats) is associated to the "GSOCS-LULCC: the Global Soil Organic Carbon Stock dataset after Land Use and Land Cover Change" by Chen et al. (2025). The README file includes the full explanation of all the columns.<br>Manuscript citation: Chen, S., Shuai, Q., Arrouays, D., Chen, Z., Dai, L., Hong, Y., Hu, B., Huang, Y., Ji, W., Li, S., Liang, Z., Ma, Y., Richer-de-Forges, A.C., Schillaci, C., Su, Y., Teng, H., Wang, N., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, Z., Xu, D., Xue, J., Ye, S., Zhang, X., Zhou, Y., Zhu, P., Shi, Z. , 2025. GSOCS-LULCC: the Global Soil Organic Carbon Stock dataset after Land Use and Land Cover Change. In preparation.<br>When using the data, please cite repositories as well as the original manuscript.<br>For any questions on the data, please contact Dr. Songchao Chen (chensongchao@zju.edu.cn).</p>
Data for "Can Regenerative Agriculture increase national soil carbon stocks? Simulated country-scale adoption of reduced tillage, cover cropping, and ley-arable integration using RothC"
<p>R code and supplementary data for soil carbon simulations: "<em>Can Regenerative Agriculture increase national soil carbon stocks? Simulated country-scale adoption of reduced tillage, cover cropping, and ley-arable integration using RothC-26.3</em>"</p>
Edge effects increase soil respiration without altering soil carbon stocks in temperate broadleaf forests
<p>Anthropogenic disturbance has left the world's forests highly fragmented, with a significant proportion of edge-affected area. Abiotic changes at forest edges are likely to affect forest soil carbon cycling, as higher temperatures and lower moisture availability in edge environments have well-documented effects on soil respiration. The present study sought to quantify persistent changes in soil carbon cycling in the fragmented broadleaf forests of southeastern Pennsylvania. At three sites with >80 year old forest-field edges, three 100 m transects perpendicular to the edge were established. Monthly measurements of soil respiration, temperature, and moisture were made at fixede distances along each transect throughout the growing season. Soil carbon storage from 0-20 cm depth, litter biomass, and decomposition rates were also assessed. Soil respiration was significantly higher at forest edges, relative to the interior, and this effect penetrated 60 m into the forest. Significantly elevated surface soil temperature and decreased soil moisture were also observed in edge environments. Despite elevated soil respiration at the edge, soil carbon storage, litter bssomass, and decomposition rates were invariant along edge to interior gradients. The temperature responsiveness of soil respiration was significantly higher in the forest interior (100 m), relative to locations ≤60 m from the edge. Edge effects altering elements of the soil carbon cycle were apparent in the forests of southeastern Pennsylvania, and principally manifest as increased soil respiration rates and decreased temperature responsiveness of soil respiration. Lack of variation in soil carbon pools and decomposition rates from the forest edge to interior suggests that increased soil respiration may be related to changes in root and rhizosphere respiration at the edge. These findings contribute to a growing body of evidence documenting increased soil respiration in the edge environments of temperate broadleaf forests. Discounting the alterations imposed by forest fragmentation on carbon cycling has the potential to produce misleading estimates of land-atmosphere CO<sub>2</sub> exchange and terrestrial carbon storage.</p>
Maps of soil organic carbon stocks in Brazil
<p>This database was created by Gustavo Vieira Veloso and Lucas Carvalho Gomes 04/06/2022. <br> Contact: gustavo.v.veloso@gmail.com and lucascarvalhogomes15@hotmail.com <br> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p>Maps of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in Brazil of the article: "Modeling and mapping soil organic carbon stocks in Brazil" (doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.01.007)</p> <p>The dataset is composed of five folders of SOC stocks maps at the standard depths (0–5, 5–15, 15–30, 30–60, and 60–100 cm). The maps are in Geotif format (EPSG 102015) with a spatial resolution of approximately 1 km and include the mean SOC stocks, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), 0.05 and 0.95 quantiles.</p> <p>The maps are free to use and please cite also the article:<br> Gomes, L.C., Faria, R.M., de Souza, E., Veloso, G.V., Schaefer, C.E.G., & Fernandes Filho, E.I. (2019). Modeling and mapping soil organic carbon stocks in Brazil. Geoderma, 340, 337-350.</p> <p> </p>
Effects of land clearing for agriculture on soil organic carbon stocks in drylands: A meta-analysis
<p><span>To improve our understanding of clearing natural ecosystems for cropland on soil organic carbon stocks in drylands, we searched for related peer-reviewed research papers published from 1980 to 2022 on the Web of Science (<a href="https://www.webofscience.com">https://www.webofscience.com</a>) and the Scopus Database (<a href="https://www.scopus.com">https://www.scopus.com</a>) (accessed on 30th April 2022). Then, we screened papers for </span><span>integrity, relevance, and scientific merit under the following criteria: (1) We made sure all studies were independent and based on field-measured data; (2) Each study had to report paired SOC stocks of cropland and adjacent natural ecosystems with the same or a similar suite of environmental factors; (3) Studies need to explicitly present results on SOC stocks or concentrations for certain depths and areas; (4) Studies have specified the types of natural ecosystems that were converted to cropland, which are used as criteria for defining CNEC types. Finally, we winnowed results to a total of 159 scientific journal articles, comprising 242 sites with 1379 paired soil layer observations from 601 paired soil profiles.</span></p>
Grazing in a megagrazer-dominated savanna does not reduce soil carbon stocks, even at high intensities
<p>Recent studies suggest that wild animals can promote ecosystem carbon sinks through their impacts on vegetation and soils. However, livestock studies show that intense levels of grazing reduce soil organic carbon (SOC), leading to concerns that rewilding with large grazers may compromise ecosystem carbon storage. Furthermore, wild grazers can both limit and promote woody plant recruitment and survival on savanna grasslands, with both positive and negative impacts on SOC, depending on the rainfall and soil texture contexts. We used grazing lawns in one of the few African protected savannas that are still dominated by megagrazers (>1000 kg), namely white rhinoceros (<em>Ceratotherium simum</em>), as a model to study the impact of prolonged and intense wild grazing on SOC stocks. We contrasted SOC stocks between patches of varying grazing intensity and woody plant encroachment in sites across different rhino habitat types. We found no differences in SOC stocks between the most- and least-grazed plots in any of the habitats. Intermediately grazed plots, however, had higher SOC stocks in the top 5 cm compared to most and least grazed plots, but only in the closed-canopy woodland habitat and not in the open habitats. Importantly, we found no evidence to support the hypothesis that wild grazing reduces SOC, even at high grazing intensities by the world's largest megagrazer. Compared to the non-encroached reference plots, woody encroached plots had higher SOC stocks in soils with low clay content and lower SOC stocks in soils with high clay content, although only in the top 5 cm. Accordingly, our study highlights that wild grazers may influence SOC indirectly through their impact on tree-grass ratios in grassy ecosystems. Our study thus provides important insights for future nature-based climate solutions that focus on wild grazer conservation and restoration.</p>
Drivers of soil organic carbon stock during tropical forest succession
<p>Soil organic matter contributes to productivity in terrestrial ecosystems and contains more carbon than is found in the atmosphere. Yet, there is little understanding of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration processes during tropical forest succession, particularly after land abandonment from agriculture practices.</p> <p>Here we used vegetation and environmental data from two large-scale surveys covering a total landscape area of 20,000 ha in Southeast Asia to investigate the effects of plant species diversity, functional trait diversity, phylogenetic diversity, aboveground biomass, and environmental factors on SOC sequestration during forest succession.</p> <p>We found that functional trait diversity plays an important role in determining SOC sequestration across successional trajectories. Increases in SOC carbon storage were associated with indirect positive effects of species diversity and succession age <em>via</em> functional trait diversity, but phylogenetic diversity and aboveground biomass showed no significant relationship with SOC stock. Furthermore, the effects of soil properties and functional trait diversity on SOC carbon storage shift across elevation.</p> <p>Synthesis: Our results suggest that reforestation and restoration management practices that implement a trait-based approach by combining long-lived and short-lived species (conservative and acquisitive traits) to increase plant functional diversity could enhance SOC sequestration for climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts, as well as accelerate recovery of healthy soils.</p>
Tree biomass does not correlate with soil carbon stocks in forest-tundra ecotones along a 1100 km latitudinal gradient in Norway
Due to climate warming, forests are expanding to higher elevations and latitudes at the expense of tundra vegetation. While the subsequent increase in aboveground biomass is well-documented, there is much speculation regarding the effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. To provide insight into the consequences of tree encroachment into treeless tundra, we sampled SOC stocks across 36 forest-tundra ecotones along a 1100 km latitudinal gradient in Norway. Our results show that SOC stocks vary greatly within, as well as among treeline ecotones, and that SOC stocks do not correlate with tree biomass and tree species. SOC stocks do increase with temperature, and vary with slope steepness, slope aspect, and soil parent material. Applying a 'space-for-time substitution' perspective, our findings suggest that tree encroachment into tundra is unlikely to have immediate consequences for SOC stocks.
Cropland management impacts on soil organic carbon stock changes in US croplands from 1990 to 2015
<p>This geospatial dataset represents soil organic carbon stock changes estimated from a counterfactual analysis of climate-smart soil management practices that were adopted in U.S. croplands between 1990 and 2015. The counterfactual scenarios are relative to historical cropland management implemented in the U.S. for the temporal domain of this study. These data provide a large-scale overview of the carbon stock changes in US cropland agricultural soils associated with conservation tillage, manure amendments, cover crops terminated with cultivation, cover crop terminated with herbicide, hay and pasture in rotation with annual crops, set-aside/Conservation Reserve Program lands. Data were generated using the DayCent ecosystem model driven by cropping histories in the USDA National Resources Inventory (NRI) and associated agricultural management data. The average annual stock change was calculated for each management practice to determine the impact. Average rates of annual stock changes on a per-hectare basis (averaged from 1990 to 2015) are presented as a gridded dataset. Data are in a GeoTIFF format on a 5 km grid.</p>
Tree mycorrhizal associations regulate relationships between plant and microbial communities and soil organic carbon stocks at local scales in a temperate forest
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Data from: Microbial carbon use efficiency and soil organic carbon stocks across an elevational gradient in the Peruvian Andes
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Edge effects increase soil respiration without altering soil carbon stocks in temperate broadleaf forests
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Effects of land clearing for agriculture on soil organic carbon stocks in drylands: A meta-analysis
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Data from: The importance of accounting method and sampling depth to estimate changes in soil carbon stocks
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