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Figure 7 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 7. Capture of aerially released sterile male medflies in PRP traps as a function of the direction from the east-west oriented flight line. For a given release date, ordinal values represent the proportion of the total captures in PRP traps recorded north or south of the flight line.

Figure 3 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 3. Capture of aerially released sterile male medflies as a function of days after release for three release dates (October 2011 was excluded owing to incomplete sampling). Ordinal values represent the proportion of the total recaptures in transect traps on alternate trap servicing days (1, 3, 5…11 d) after a release. For a given release date, data were pooled across the different transects and different trap positions. Numbers of captures for the different release dates are given in Table 2.

Figure 5 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 5. The probability of capturing ≥ 1 aerially released male medflies in transect traps as a function of distance from the east-west flight line located beneath or north of the flight line (top) or south of the flight line (bottom). North, over all dates: Y = 1/ (1+e(–(–0.20766)–0.0028X+ 0.13053)); South, over all dates: Y = 1/(1+e(–(–0.20766)– 0.0028X–0.58181).

Figure 4 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 4. Capture of aerially released sterile male medflies at different trap positions for different trap servicing intervals following release (October 2011 was excluded owing to incomplete sampling). Ordinal values represent the proportion of the total captures in transect traps recorded at different positions on post-release days 1, 3, 5, and ≥ 7 d (i.e., 7, 9, and 11), where trap position 0 indicates traps beneath the flight path, and higher trap positions represent increasing distances (by increments of 268 m between adjacent positions) along transects perpendicular to the flight line. Capture data were pooled across release dates, transects, and directions; data for trap positions 13–18 were pooled and categorized as> 12. Numbers of captures for the different release dates are given in Table 2.

Figure 6 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 6. Capture of aerially released sterile male medflies in PRP traps in different bands parallel to the flight line. Ordinal values represent proportions of all captures in both north and south directions over all release dates in bands 134 m wide, where band 1 was centered on the flight line, band 2 extended 67 m on either side of band 1, and so on. Captures are depicted for PRP traps up to 3,216 m (2 mi; band 24) from the release line.

Figure 8 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 8. The probability of capturing ≥ 1 aerially released male medflies in PRP traps as a function of distance from the east-west flight line (independent of direction). Over all dates, Y = 1/(1+e(–(0.20768–0.00187X))).

Figure 2 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 2. Capture of aerially released sterile male medflies as a function of the direction from the flight line for the four release dates. Ordinal values represent the proportion of the total captures in transect traps recorded south, north, or directly beneath the westeast oriented flight line. For a given release date, data were pooled across the different transects, different trap positions (for positions ≥ 1), and the different post-release trap servicing dates. Numbers of captures for the different release dates are given in Table 2.

Figure 1 in Release-Recapture of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

Figure 1. Capture of aerially released sterile male medflies as a function of the distance from the flight line for the four release dates. Ordinal values represent the proportion of the total captures in transect traps recorded at different positions, where trap position 0 indicates traps beneath the flight path, and higher trap positions represent increasing distances (by increments of 268 m between adjacent positions) along transects perpendicular to the flight line. For a given release date, data were pooled across the different transects, north and south directions (for positions ≥ 1), and the different post-release trap servicing dates. Numbers of captures for the different release dates are given in Table 2.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Figure 2 in Effect of Pupal Holding Density on Emergence Rate, Flight Ability, and Yield of Sterile Male Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Figure 2. Estimated numbers of fliers produced per tower (top) and ratios of number of fliers produced to number of pupae placed per tower (bottom) in relation to the pupal loading level per constituent tray. Hawaii-derived flies were used exclusively; towers contained 52 trays. Symbols represent means over 33 towers per loading level (3 towers per test day x 11 test days); error bars represent ± 1 SE.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2024View details →

Figure 2 in Exploring sterile pollen technique as a novel tool for management of Palmer amaranth (Amoronthus polmeri)

Figure 2. Effect of different irradiation doses on seed set of Amoronthus polmeri inflorescences in 2020 with back-transformed means and SE. Abbreviations: I, irradiated pollen; I+NI, irradiated pollen followed by hand pollination with non-irradiated pollen; NI+I, non-irradiated pollen followed by hand pollination with irradiated pollen; NI, non-irradiated pollen; Open, open pollination. LSD0.05 is the least-square distance for significance level 0.05; error bars indicate SE; shaded areas for Open and NI are mean ± SE.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2024View details →

Figure 3 in Exploring sterile pollen technique as a novel tool for management of Palmer amaranth (Amoronthus polmeri)

Figure 3. Effect of different irradiation doses on seed set of Amoronthus polmeri inflorescences in 2021 with mean and SE. Abbreviations: I, irradiated pollen; I+NI, irradiated pollen followed by hand pollination with non-irradiated pollen; NI+I, non-irradiated pollen followed by hand pollination with irradiated pollen; I+O,Irradiated pollen followed by open pollination; O+I, open pollination followed by hand pollination with irradiated pollen; O+I+O,open pollination followed by hand pollination with irradiated pollen followed by open pollination. LSD0.05 is the least-square distance for significance level 0.05; error bars indicate SE. (The mean and SE are 0.3935% and 0.0220% for open pollination and 0.3790% and 0.0216% for non-irradiated pollen treatment, respectively.)

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2024View details →

Figure 1 in Exploring sterile pollen technique as a novel tool for management of Palmer amaranth (Amoronthus polmeri)

Figure 1. Viability of pollen grains stained with 2,5-diphenyl monotetrazolium bromide (MTT) showing differing intensities (A). Effect of irradiation dosages of gamma rays on pollen viability as quantified by mean gray value percentages from 100 pollen grains (B). Error bars indicate SE.

Fig. 7 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 7. The average Eldana saccharina larval infestation with the passage of time simulated for the SIT/IS pilot site near the Eston area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa with weekly releases commencing only in fields of age at most 6 mo at the start of the release. Time, t, is measured in days. The density, e/100s, is the number of borers, e, per 100 stalks of sugarcane. The graph shows that the average infestation level in the second yr of the control program is substantially reduced.

Fig. 5 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 5. The discretization of the spatial domain. On the lef a typical sugarcane field layout is illustrated with different colors representing crop age, and on the right the discretized domain corresponding to the area within the red square. This was done by transforming the spatial information obtained from the shapefiles to a matrix data structure in Matlab containing the entries '0', '1' and '2' denoting non-sugarcane patches, patches inside a field and edge patches, respectively. In the right half of the figure these data are represented by white, blue and green, respectively.

Fig. 4. A in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 4. A model representing sugarcane dynamics as currently implemented in the simulation tool for the field application of a SIT/IS strategy against Eldana saccharina in sugarcane.

Fig. 3 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 3. The Eldana saccharina module developed in this study. The module describes the dynamics of all E. saccharina life stages under the influence of the SIT/IS technique. Other control measures may also be included, and are currently under investigation.

Fig. 6 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 6. The graphical user interface designed for the SIT/IS simulation tool for the field application of a SIT/IS strategy against Eldana saccharina in sugarcane. The initial infestation, e/100s, is the number of borers per 100 stalks of sugarcane.

Fig. 1 in Anoxia-conditioning hormesis alters the relationship between irradiation doses for survival and sterility in the cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 1. Fertility (as measured by egg hatch success and time to hatch) of Cactoblastis cactorum treated as adults at 5 levels of irradiation and 2 levels of atmospheric conditions. Means and standard errors are plotted. Letter designations refer to Tukey's post hoc analysis.

Fig. 4 in Anoxia-conditioning hormesis alters the relationship between irradiation doses for survival and sterility in the cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 4. Median longevity (median ± SE) of untreated control (no irradiation or atmospheric treatment) female and male Cactoblastis cactorum adults housed in 3 different conditions; individually in restrictive cups, together in single gen- der cages that allowed movement, and together in mixed gender cages that allowed movement and mating. Letter designations refer to Tukey's post hoc analysis.

Fig. 6 in Anoxia-conditioning hormesis alters the relationship between irradiation doses for survival and sterility in the cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 6. Median longevity (median ± SE) of female and male Cactoblastis cactorum adults treated at 5 levels of irradiation and 2 levels of atmospheric conditions. Asterisks refer to significant differences at the 0.0001 level.