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FIGURES 46–54. Shells. Figs. 46–48 in New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae)

FIGURES 46–54. Shells. Figs. 46–48: Streptartemon molaris n. sp.; Fig. 46, paratype MZSP 111843 (W 7.6 mm), apertural view; Fig. 47, same, detail of aperture in slightly inferior view; Fig. 48, paratype MZSP 112366, young specimen (W 6.1 mm), apertural view; Fig. 49, Lamellaxis cf. gracilis, MZSP 112406, apertural view (L 7.1 mm); Fig. 50, same species, MZSP 112354, apertural view (L 8.6 mm); Figs. 50–54, Beckianum beckianum; Fig. 51, MZSP 112411 (L 6.5 mm), apertural view; Fig. 52, same, right view; Fig. 53, same, dorsal view; Fig. 54, MZSP 111542 (L 4.8 mm), apertural view; Fig. 55, dorsal view.

FIGURES 35–45. Type shells. Figs. 42–45, Anctus prolatus n in New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae)

FIGURES 35–45. Type shells. Figs. 42–45, Anctus prolatus n. sp. holotype MZSP 112450 (L 25.2 mm); Fig. 35, frontal view; Fig. 36, same, right view; Fig. 37, same, dorsal view; Fig. 38, same, anterior view; Fig. 39, same, apical view; Fig. 40, paratype MZSP 111826 (L 24.1 mm), apertural view; Fig. 41, same, slightly left view; Figs. 42–45, Streptartemon molaris n. sp. shell of holotype MZSP 112451 (W 8.7 mm); Fig. 42, inferior view; Fig. 43, apical view; Fig. 44, apertural view; Fig. 45, same, detail of aperture.

FIGURES 16–23. Type shells. Figs. 16–22 in New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae)

FIGURES 16–23. Type shells. Figs. 16–22: Cyclodontina capivara n. sp. shell of types; Fig. 16, holotype MZSP 112448, apertural view (L 19.2 mm); Fig. 17, same, right view; Fig. 18, same, dorsal view; Fig. 19, paratype MZSP 111845–1, apertural view (L 20.4 mm); Fig. 30, same, #2 (L 17.0 mm); Fig. 21, paratype MZSP 111837, young specimen, apertural view (L 6.5 mm); Fig. 22, same, detail of apex in profile (W 2.0 mm); Fig. 23, Rhinus gilbertus n. sp., holotype, detail of apex in profile (W 1.5 mm).

FIGURES 24–34. Rhinus gilbertus n in New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae)

FIGURES 24–34. Rhinus gilbertus n. sp. type shells. Figs. 24–28, holotype MZSP 112449 (L 21.9 mm); Fig. 24, apertural view; Fig. 25, right view; Fig. 26, dorsal view; Fig. 27 anterior-slightly left view; Fig. 28, apical view; Fig. 29, paratype MZSP 111827, young specimen, apertural view (L 13.9 mm); Fig. 30, paratype MZSP 111844, apertural view (L 18.7 mm); Fig. 31, same, dorsal view; Fig. 32, paratype MZSP 111845, apertural view (L 18.7 mm); Fig. 33, same, dorsal view; Fig. 34, same, detail of last whorl with umbilicus.

FIGURES 2–15. Clinispira insolita n.g. et n in New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae)

FIGURES 2–15. Clinispira insolita n.g. et n. sp. type shells. Figs. 2–6, holotype MZSP 111847 (L 14.6 mm), Fig. 2, right view; Fig. 3, ventral view; Fig. 4, dorsal view; Fig. 5, apical view; Fig. 6, inferior view; Fig. 7, detail of aperture, right-slightly ventral view; Figs. 8–10, paratype MZSP 111846 (L 15.6 mm); Fig. 8, right view; Fig. 9, ventral view; Fig. 10, dorsal view; Fig. 11, paratype MZSP 112369, ventral view (L 14.0 mm); Fig. 12, same, dorsal view; Fig. 13, same, right view; Fig. 14, Paratype MZSP 112426, young specimen, apertural view (L 9.3 mm); Fig. 15, same, detail of apex in profile-slightly apical view.

FIGURE 1 in New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae)

FIGURE 1. Mapping of the collect place: left Brazil, upper Piauí State, right detail showing Toca de Cima dos Pilão karst (from Google Earth) (width= 1.12 km, middle point 8°51'45.08"S 42°33'19.94"W).

Figure 7 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 7. Egg production of Subulina octona. (a) Mean number of eggs per reproductive event; (b) mean shell height and mean number of eggs produced.

Figure 3 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 3. Histological sections of the free-oviduct of the subulinid species Subulina octona (a,b); Allopeas gracile (c); Allopeas micra (d) and Leptinaria unilamellata (e,f). Black asterisk, oviduct lumen; white asterisk: underlying connective tissue.

Figure 4 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 4. Histological sections showing the bursa copulatrix and prostate of the subulinid species Allopeas gracile (a–c); Subulina octona (d–f); and Leptinaria unilamellata (g,h). Black asterisk, bursa copulatrix lumen; white asterisk: prostate.

Figure 1 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 1. Morphology of the reproductive system of Subulina octona. (a) Shelled embryo; (b) prostate; (c) free-oviduct; (d) epithelia and basal membrane of the free-oviduct; (e) eggshell; (f,g) bursa copulatrix; (h) general view of the reproductive apparatus; (i, j) general view of the body, showing the spermoviduct which occupies the body whorl and the penultimate whorl of the shell. es, egg shell; eg, egg; se, shelled embryo; sov, spermoviduct; pr, prostate; bc, bursa copulatrix; fo, free-oviduct; pc, penial complex.

Figure 2 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 2. Histological sections of the spermoviduct and egg of the subulinid species Allopeas micra (a,b); Allopeas gracile (c–e); Leptinaria unilamellata (f) and Subulina octona (g,h). SC, secretory cells; black arrow, calcified egg shell; black asterisk, secretory cells; white asterisk, egg with non-calcified egg shell.

Figure 5 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 5. Histological sections showing the spermatheca (indicated by black arrows) of the subulinid species Allopeas micra (a); Subulina octona (b); Allopeas gracile (c) and Leptinaria unilamellata (d).

Figure 6 in Life history of Subulina octona (Brugüière) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Subulinidae) based on four-year laboratory observations and a comparative histological analysis of egg-retaining and ovoviviparous subulinids

Figure 6. Growth and mortality of Subulina octona during juvenile, adult and senescent stages. (a) Mean shell height; (b) survival. (c) growth rate.

Figure 3 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 3. (A) Ovotestis of Leptinaria unilamellata formed by groups of follicular acini; nearby is situated a large network of blood vessels (asterisk). (B) The male germinative lineage (arrow head) is centrally arranged and the female germinative lineage (arrow) is in the outer part of the same follicle. (C) Hermaphrodite duct (hd) with a central nucleus and numerous long cilia. (D) Follicular cells (arrow head) are capable of producing cytoplasmic expansions that enclose the oocytes in vitellogenesis (arrow). Haematoxylin-eosin stained. Scale bar = 50 µm.

Figure 10 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 10. Photomicrographs of the histological section of the prostate of Leptinaria unilamellata, stained according to the Von Kossa method. The circle highlights the presence of calcium granules.

Figure 7 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 7. (A) In the active stage, the prostatic gland has a tubule-alveolar arrangement, with high columnar secretory cells that form prostatic acini (asterisk). (B) During the maturation stage, the cells have a basophilic granular cytoplasm and do not exhibit an acinar arrangement (asterisk). (C) The vas deferens (vd) is a thin filiform tube characterized by a small lumen delimitated by a simple cuboidal epithelium. (D) The vas deferens epithelial cells are supported by a connective tissue layer externally covered by a relatively thick circular muscle layer (arrow). Haematoxylin-eosin stained. Scale bar = 50 µm.

Figure 1 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 1. Reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata: (A) penial complex; (B) spermatheca complex; (C) general view of the pallial and ceolomic portions of the reproductive system; (D) muscles associated with the penial complex; (E) longitudinal section of the oviduct showing internal wall ornamentation and the opening of the penial complex. Abbreviations: ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; bcd, bursa copulatrix duct; vd, vas deferens; e, egg; ep, epiphallus; f, flagellum; iw, internal wall of the penis; opc, opening of the penial complex at the genital atrium; ov, free oviduct; p, penis; pm, protractor muscle; pr, prostate gland; rm, retractor muscle; u, uterus.

Figure 6 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 6. (A) The ventral wall of the uterus has a simple ciliated cubic epithelium (ce) and the dorsal wall of the uterus has a simple squamous epithelium (se). (B) The oviduct (asterisk) has a simple epithelium composed of elongated prismatic cells with long cilia. (C) The apocrine secretion (arrow head) produced by the bursa copulatrix can be viewed, whereas a pink or purple stained eosinophilic material can be seen in the organ lumen. (D) The duct of the bursa copulatrix (arrow) is covered by a simple cubic epithelium densely ciliated and non-secretory. Haematoxylin-eosin stained. Scale bar = 50 µm.

Figure 5 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 5. (A, B) Fertilization complex is divided into two portions, first, the fertilization pouch (asterisk), and second, the spermatheca (arrow), which is divided into chambers. (C) Glandular cells of the albumen gland. (D) Labyrinth cells of the albumen gland interposed between the gland cells. Haematoxylin-eosin stained. Scale bar = 50 µm.

Figure 4 in Macro- and microscopic morphology of the reproductive system of Leptinaria unilamellata (d'Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Subulinidae)

Figure 4. (A) Cells of the male germinative lineage, spermatozoa (asterisk), spermatids (arrow) and primary spermatocytes (spe1). (B) Detail of spermatids (arrow). (C) Detail of secondary spermatocytes (spe2); nearby is an oocyte in vitellogenesis (arrow head). (D) Detail of spermatozoa arranged in groups associated with Sertoli cells. Haematoxylin-eosin stained. Scale bar = 50 µm.