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Reproduction package for the paper "Near-ultraviolet detections of four dwarf nova candidates in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae"

This is a basic reproduction package for the paper "Near-ultraviolet detections of four dwarf nova candidates in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae" by <a href="https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2020/02/aa37043-19/aa37043-19.html">Modiano et al. (2020)</a>. It aims to provide the most important data products to check and reproduce the main results of the paper.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2016View details →

Figure 2. After 21 in Predation on eggs of Schneider's dwarf caiman, Paleosuchus trigonatus (Schneider, 1807), by armadillos and other predators

Figure 2. After 21 days, (A) a giant armadillo returns to the same nest and is driven away by an adult Paleosuchus trigonatus. After (B) remaining face to face with the caiman, (C, D) the armadillo departs, circling the nest tree.

Figure 6 in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 6. Relative warps analysis (RWA) of 13 dorsal cranial landmarks from 22 individuals of R. hildebrandtii s.l. belonging to two molecular clades and two lineages of Clade 1 (see Fig. 3). Revised taxon names are provided in parentheses (see Taxonomic Conclusions). Skulls which were included in this analysis are indicated in Table S1. Symbols as in Fig. 5. Thin plate splines (grids) show landmark distortions represented by extremes of variation on RW1 (left = negative; right = positive) and RW2 (bottom = negative; top = positive) axes. The two skull photographs at the bottom are of actual specimens representing the negative (left: TM 41997ı smithersi from Pafuri) and positive (right: DM 11560ı cohenae from Mayoı Mpumalanga Province) extremes of variation on RW1. Landmark positions (filled circles) are shown in the photograph in the centre. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g006

Figure 9 in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 9. Dorsal (D), ventral (V) and lateral (L) view of bacula (tips on right) from four individuals (a–d) from Mpumalanga (Clade 1a = cohenae sp. nov.), two (e–f) from lowland sites in Mozambique (Clade 2 = mossambicus sp. nov.) and one (g) from Mt Mabu in Mozambique (Clade 1b = mabuensis sp. nov.). a = DM 11558 (Sudwala); b = DM 11620 (Barberton Tunnel; Topotype of cohenae); c = DM 11560 (Mayo); d = DM 11618 (Barberton Tunnel); e = DM 8580 (Gorongosa); f = DM 8578 (Niassa GR; Holotype of mossambicus); g = DM 10842 (Mt Mabu; Holotype of mabuensis). Bacula of Clade 1a (cohenae sp. nov.) have spatulate tip (rounded in Clades 2 (mossambicus sp. nov.) and 1b (mabuensis sp. nov.))ı typically emarginated basal portion (less so in Clades 2 and 1b) and shaft laterally compressed (cylindrical in Clades 2 and 1b) and sloping downwards in lateral view (horizontal in Clades 2 and 1b). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g009

Figure 5 in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 5. Canonical variates analysis (CVA) (a) of 10 cranial variables in five groups of the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex defined by molecular analysis; and PCA (b) of five cranial variables for sample in (a) with type series of hildebrandtii (''H¹'') and eloquens (''E¹'') added. Open circles = Clade 1a (= cohenae sp. nov.); closed circles = Clade 1b (= mabuensis sp. nov.); shaded circles = Clade 1d (= smithersi sp. nov.; Pafuri); asterisk enclosed in circle = Clade 1e (= smithersi sp. nov.; Zimbabwe); open squares = Clade 2 (mossambicus sp. nov.; Mozambique); shaded squares = Clade 2 (mossambicus sp. nov.; Lutopeı Zimbabwe); open diamonds = R. eloquens type series (Clade 3); crosses in circles = R. hildebrandtii type and co-type (Clade 1c). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g005

Figure 1 in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 1. Portraits of (a) Rhinolophus smithersi species novo, and (b) Rhinolophus mossambicus species novo, two of four new cryptic species described herein within the R. hildebrandtii complex. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g001

Figure 4 in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 4. Morphometric variation in a series representing the R. hildebrandtii complex from Lutope-Ngolangola, Zimbabwe: a) biplot of forearm length versus noseleaf width and b) PCA of five craniometric variables (M3M3, CM3, IOC, NW, NH) in 26 individuals of known (37 or 46 kHz) and unknown (?) frequency. Females indicated by open circlesı males by closed circles or crosses or asterisk. Voucher specimens for molecular sequencing study indicated by asterisk (Clade 1e: = smithersii sp. nov.; see Taxonomic Conclusions) and crosses (Clade 2: = mossambicus sp. nov.; see Taxonomic Conclusions). Hereafterı all individuals with a frequency of 37 kHz were assumed to belong to Clade 2 (mossambicus sp. nov.) and the 46 kHz individual was assumed to belong to Clade 1e (smithersi sp. nov.). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g004

Figure 3. Consensus tree for the cytochrome b in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 3. Consensus tree for the cytochrome b dataset for representative genotyped specimens of the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex. The topology represents the consensus topology from a 20 million MCMC run implemented in BEAST. Estimates of divergence times (million years ago; Mya) are indicated adjacent to nodes or above branches and grey bars indicate 95% HPD values. The split between the Hipposideridae and Rhinolophidae was used as the calibration point. Taxa names include museum/field numbers which correspond to Appendix S1 or GenBank accession numbers and abbreviations are: RcfH - R. cf. hildebrandtiiı RD - R. darlingiı RE - R. eloquensı RF - R. fumigatusı RH - R. hildebrandtii s.l.ı RL - R. landeri and RR - R. ruwenzorii. Localitiesı where availableı are providedı abbreviations include SA - South Africaı MZ - Mozambiqueı and ZW - Zimbabweı and the numbers in parentheses correspond with place names in Table S1 and Fig. 2 for Clade 1 and 2 individuals. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g003

Figure 7 in Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago

Figure 7. Relative warps analysis (RWA) of 12 lateral cranial landmarks from 23 individuals of R. hildebrandtii s.l. belonging to two molecular clades and two lineages of Clade 1 (see Fig. 3). Revised taxon names are provided in parentheses (see Taxonomic Conclusions). Skulls which were included in this analysis are indicated in Table S1. Symbols as is in Fig. 5. Thin plate splines (grids) show landmark distortions represented by extremes of variation on RW1 (left = negative; right = positive) and RW2 (bottom = negative; top = positive) axes. The two skull photographs at the bottom are of actual specimens representing the negative (left: DM 8577ı mossambicus from Namapaı Mozambique) and positive (right: DM 11560ı cohenae from Mayoı Mpumalanga Province) extremes of variation on RW1. Landmark positions (filled circles) are shown in the photograph in the centre. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g007

FIGURE 5 in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 5. Landsat image on which is shown the village of Tses in Namibia and the three seasonal pans (coloured green) from where Tiganophyton karasense is known at present: A = Groot Pan; B = Kleinvaalgras Pan; C = Pan at Middelplaas. These pans receive their drainage from the calcrete-covered Weissrand Plateau, the extensive palely coloured area dotted with darkly coloured depressions (dayas). Linear aeolian dunes of the Kalahari (KD) are visible in the upper right-hand corner of the image and believed to have covered the now exposed Weissrand Plateau in the distant past. Image: NASA, based on a tri-decadal global Landsat 7 orthorectified ETM+ Pan-sharpened image.

FIGURE 3. Tiganophyton karasense. A in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 3. Tiganophyton karasense. A. Branchlet with short and long shoots; parts of oldest stem with scars left by withered short shoots. B. Short shoot with three flowers. C. Long shoot developing from apex of a short shoot. D. Long shoot leaves; dorsal view left, ventral view right. E. Short shoot leaves; dorsal view left, ventral view right. F. Semi-stylized depiction of a flower (in reality floral parts closely packed with gynophore tightly appressed to ovary), with calyx, two front stamens and a front petal removed. Note gynophore bent in near S-shape, horizontal orientated bilobed ovary, and gynobasic style (portion of style between ovary lobes indicated with stippling; ovary lobes opaque). G. Flower (side view). H. Calyx viewed from outside. I. Calyx opened out and viewed from inside. J. Nutlet. K. Flattened remains of flower with nutlet enclosed in the persistent calyx. Scale bar = 10 mm (A), or 1 mm (B–K). A, C, J & K from Swanepoel 364 and B & C–I from Swanepoel 365. Artist: Daleen Roodt.

FIGURE 1 in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 1. Portion of the Brassicales phylogenetic tree based on three plastid (ndhF, matK and rbcL) and one mitochondrial (matR) markers. The core Brassicales clades comprise samples from Brassicaceae, Capparaceae, Cleomaceae, Resedaceae, Gyrostemonaceae, Pentadiplandraceae, Tovariaceae, and Emblingiaceae. Numbers on nodes are bootstrap percentages from the RAxML analysis.

FIGURE 4 in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 4. Topographical map showing the known distribution (black dots) of Tiganophyton karasense in southeastern Namibia. The insert shows a map of southern Africa with names of countries; the grey rectangle indicates the area depicted by the topographical map.

FIGURE 2. Tiganophyton karasense. A. Plant habit and habitat. B in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 2. Tiganophyton karasense. A. Plant habit and habitat. B. Part of an old long shoot showing short shoots with their rosettes of foliage leaves (mainly) and bracts. C. Young, actively elongating long shoots with short shoots not yet fully developed in leaf axils; arrows indicate where a long shoot emerges from the apex of a short shoot. D. Long shoot densely covered with short shoots, the latter bearing flowers. Photographs: W. Swanepoel.

Fig. 6 in Nihonella gen. nov., a new troglophilic genus of dwarf spiders from Japan with a discussion on its phylogenetic position within the subfamily Erigoninae (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Fig. 6. Distribution of Nihonella chika gen. et. sp. nov. in Western Japan. The star refers to the type locality.

Fig. 4 in Nihonella gen. nov., a new troglophilic genus of dwarf spiders from Japan with a discussion on its phylogenetic position within the subfamily Erigoninae (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Fig. 4. Embolic division and details of the male palp of Nihonella chika gen. et. sp. nov. A. ♂, paratype (NSMT-Ar 20911), embolic division, ventro-retrolateral view. B. Ditto, frontal view. C. Ditto, dorsal view. D. Ditto, ventral view. E. ♂, paratype (NSMT-Ar 20910), palp under SEM microscope, anteroretrolateral view. F. Ditto, detail of the tip of the prolateral tibial apophysis. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Fig. 2 in Nihonella gen. nov., a new troglophilic genus of dwarf spiders from Japan with a discussion on its phylogenetic position within the subfamily Erigoninae (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Fig. 2. Genitalia of Nihonella chika gen. et. sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (NSMT-Ar 20909), palp, retrolateral view. B. Ditto, prolateral view. C. Ditto, dorsal view. D. Ditto, ventral view. E. ♀, paratype (NSMT- Ar 20910), epigyne, ventral view. F. Ditto, dorsal view. G. Ditto, posterior view. H. Ditto, vulva after being cleared, ventral view. Scale bars: A–D = 0.2 mm; E–H = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Nihonella gen. nov., a new troglophilic genus of dwarf spiders from Japan with a discussion on its phylogenetic position within the subfamily Erigoninae (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Fig. 1. Habitus and habitat of Nihonella chika gen. et. sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (NSMT-Ar 20909), habitus, dorsal view. B. Ditto, ventral view. C. Ditto, lateral view. D. ♀, paratype (NSMT-Ar 20910), habitus, dorsal view. E. Ditto, ventral view. F. Ditto, lateral view. G. Ditto, cephalic region, frontal view. H. Entrance of Anatoyama Cave, type locality of the species. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 3 in Nihonella gen. nov., a new troglophilic genus of dwarf spiders from Japan with a discussion on its phylogenetic position within the subfamily Erigoninae (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Fig. 3. Nihonella chika gen. et. sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (NSMT-Ar 20909), palp, retrolateral view. B. Ditto, prolateral view.C. Ditto, ventral view. D. Ditto, palpal tibia, dorsal view. E. ♀, paratype (NSMT- Ar 20910), epigyne, ventral view. F. Ditto, dorsal view. G. Ditto, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.