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35 results for “Tachycineta”
Data from: Benefits of an anti-parasite treatment are influenced by within-brood size variation in Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor)
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Data from: Linking innate immunogenetic variation with phenotypic traits in a wild population of tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor
Unravelling the genetic basis of phenotypic variation among individuals is an important step in our understanding of evolution. Recent studies of innate immune genes, such as β -defensins, revealed that these genes had high levels of polymorphism. However, researchers have yet to quantify the effects of such variability on immune responses and fitness-related traits in wild populations. In this study, we assessed how the variability at six avian β -defensin (AvBD) genes was linked to an immune function and reproductive success in adult tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). We investigated the links between genetic variations using single nucleotide polymorphisms at AvBD genes, immune function as the bacterial killing ability (BKA) and fledging success. We assessed how female immunogenetics were linked to the presence of eggshell bacteria in their clutches and hatching success. We found weak associations between the presence of AvBD genes, BKA and eggshell bacteria. Our results suggested that homozygosity at some loci may be advantageous for defence against bacteria. Variability at β -defensin genes was not related to either hatching or fledging success. BKA of parents was positively linked with fledging success. More studies are needed to assess whether or not β -defensin genes are significantly affecting fitness-related traits in wild populations.
Data from: The trade-off between clutch size and egg mass in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) is modulated by female body mass
Egg production is a costly component of reproduction for female birds in terms of energy expenditure and maternal investment. Because resources are typically limited, clutch size and egg mass are expected to be constrained, and this putative trade-off between offspring number and size is at the core of life history theory. Nevertheless, empirical evidence for this trade-off is equivocal at best, as individual heterogeneity in resource acquisition and allocation may hamper the detection of the negative correlation between egg number and mass within populations. Here, we investigated how female body mass and landscape composition influences clutch size, egg mass, and the relationship between these two traits. To do so, we fitted linear mixed models using data from tree swallows Tachycineta bicolor breeding in a network of 400 nestboxes located along a gradient of agricultural intensity between 2004 and 2011. Our dataset comprised 1463 broods for clutch size analyses and 4371 eggs (from 847 broods laid between 2005–2008) for egg mass analyses. Our results showed that agricultural intensity negatively impacted clutch size, but not egg mass nor the relationship between these two traits. Female mass, on the other hand, modulated the trade-off between clutch size and egg mass. For heavier females, both traits increased jointly, without evidence of a trade-off. However, for lighter females, there was a clear negative relationship between clutch size and egg mass. This work shows that accounting for individual heterogeneity in body mass allows the detection of a clutch size/egg mass trade-off that would have remained undetected otherwise. Identifying habitat and individual effects on resource allocation towards reproductive traits may help bridging the gap between predictions from theory and empirical evidence on life history trade-offs.
FIGURE 2 in Insects found in birds'nests from Argentina: Tachycineta leucorrhoa leucorrhoa (Vieillot, 1817) [Aves: Hirundinidae], a new host for Acanthocrios furnarii (Cordero & Vogelsang, 1928) [Hemiptera: Cimicidae]
FIGURE 2. Seasonal variation of prey item found in nests of Tachycineta leucorrhoa from Argentina, Buenos Aires province, during the 2005–2006 breeding season. See explanation in the text (section III. Swallows' prey and insects mentioned as associated to swallows' nests).
FIGURE 1 in Insects found in birds'nests from Argentina: Tachycineta leucorrhoa leucorrhoa (Vieillot, 1817) [Aves: Hirundinidae], a new host for Acanthocrios furnarii (Cordero & Vogelsang, 1928) [Hemiptera: Cimicidae]
FIGURE 1. Geographic distribution of Tachycineta leucorrhoa in South America (modified from InfoNature 2004). Locality where the insect fauna in the nestboxes was sampled is indicated by a red dot.
Data on Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) body mass, wing, and headbill length
<p>Body-size reductions are a pervasive response to climate change, and body size is a central trait linking together multiple axes of ecology, physiology and life history. Using a combination of three decades of data and controlled experiments, we show that male and female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) have become smaller structurally, despite chicks growing larger under warmer nest temperatures and larger chicks being more likely to return as adults. We find that adult structural size trends are associated with warmer overwintering conditions, rather than the nestling period. Further, adult male body mass trends depend on climate conditions during spring migration; male breeding mass decreased by 4%, whereas female mass was unchanged. This may be explained by the demands of reproduction, as lighter females produce fewer offspring. This work highlights the complex interactions that shape relationships between traits and fitness, which will be critical for predicting evolutionary responses in future environments.</p>
Data from: Linking innate immunogenetic variation with phenotypic traits in a wild population of tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor
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Data from: The trade-off between clutch size and egg mass in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) is modulated by female body mass
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Data from: Geographic variation and environmental correlates of apparent survival rates in adult tree swallows Tachycineta bicolor
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Data on Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) body mass, wing, and headbill length
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Data from: Combined effects of cold snaps and agriculture on the growth rates of Tree Swallows (<em>Tachycineta bicolor</em>)
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Body size and circulating levels of different molecules from tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) exposed to different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
<p class="CxSpFirst">The purpose of mounting an immune response is to destroy pathogens, but this response comes at a physiological cost, including the generation of oxidative damage. However, many studies on the effects of immune challenges employ a single high dose, meaning that the consequences of more mild immune challenges are poorly resolved. We tested whether the degree of immunological challenge in tree swallows (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>) affects oxidative physiology and body mass, and whether these metrics correlate with parasitic nest mite load. We injected 14-day-old nestlings with either 0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) per kg body mass, then collected a blood sample 24-h later to quantify multiple physiological metrics, including oxidative damage (i.e., d-ROMs), circulating amounts of triglyceride and glycerol, and levels of the acute phase protein haptoglobin. After fledging, we identified and counted parasitic nest mites (<i>Dermanyssus</i> spp. and <i>Ornithonyssus</i> spp.). We found that only nestlings injected with 1 mg LPS/kg body mass, which is a common dosage in ecoimmunological studies, lost more body mass than individuals from other treatment groups. However, every dose of LPS resulted in a commensurate increase in oxidative damage. Parasitic mite abundance had no effect on oxidative damage across treatments. Amount of oxidative damage correlated with haptoglobin levels, suggesting compensatory mechanisms to limit self-damage during an immune response. We conclude that while only the highest-intensity immune challenges resulted in costs related to body mass, even low-intensity immune challenges result in detectable increases of oxidative damage.</p>
Body size and circulating levels of different molecules from tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) exposed to different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
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Data from: Rainy springs linked to poor nestling growth in a declining avian aerial insectivore (Tachycineta bicolor)
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De novo transcriptome assembly of the tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor): tissue-specific expression profiles and positive selection analysis
GEO Series GSE126210. Tachycineta bicolor. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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