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28 results for “Titanethes”
Figure 2 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 2 - Sternal CaCO3 deposits in Titanethes albus. A individual in early premolt with sternal deposits on anterior four pereionites. Deposits are bipartite with a larger anterior part (an) and a smaller posterior part (po). Round fenestrations (arrowheads) perforate the deposits. B individual in late premolt with fully developed sternal deposits. The anterior and posterior part on each segment are fused and the deposits have a uniform shape. C scanning electron micrograph of spherules forming the sternal deposits in late premolt. D scanning electron micrograph of a cleaved sternal deposit (d) in late premolt. Spherules are proximally more loosely arranged. p1 pereionite 1, p2 pereionite 2, p3 pereionite 3, p4 pereionite 4, oc old cuticle.
Figure 3 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 3 - Ultrastructure of anterior tergites in early premolt. A apolysis. The apical surface of the epidermal cell (e) is detached from the old cuticle (oc), but the ecdysial space is narrow. The apical plasma membrane of epidermal cells forms short protrusions (p) with electron dense tips. B the ecdysial space in early premolt. A sheet of fibrous and granular material (s) is located in the distal part of the ecdysial space (es). C section through the apical surface of an epidermal cell (e) in early premolt. Gaps (arrowheads) are present in the newly formed epicuticle (ep) that is formed over short protrusions (p) of the apical plasma membrane. A developing epicuticular scale (sc) is visible. D oblique section through the apical surface of an epidermal cell in early premolt. Gaps (arrowheads) in the newly deposited epicuticle (ep) appear to be perforations. E the epidermis in early premolt. Epidermal cells (e) contain numerous mitochondria (m) and a well developed RER (r). Scales (sc) are forming around elongated projections of the apical plasma membrane (cp).
Figure 4 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 4 - Ultrastructure of anterior tergites in late premolt and intramolt. A early stage of exocuticle formation. The distal dense layer (dl) is deposited. The apical plasma membrane of epidermal cells forms finger-like extensions (fe). The Golgi apparatus (g) is well developed. B anterior tergite in late premolt. Several lamellae of the new exocuticle (ex) are deposited. Epidermal cells contain a well developed RER (r), numerous mitochondria (m) and small electron dense vesicles (sv) in their apical cytoplasm. The epicuticle (ep) with scales (sc) is fully formed. C the apical plasma membrane of an epidermal cell in late premolt forms numerous invaginations (arrow). Cytoplasmic extensions reach into pore canals (pc). D anterior tergite in intramolt. The new exocuticle is almost fully deposited. The apical cytoplasm of epidermal cells contains electron dense vesicles (sv), numerous mitochondria (m) and a well developed RER (r). Long cytoplasmic extensions reach into pore canals (pc). H oblique section through the apical surface of an epidermal cell in intramolt. Pore canals (pc) in the new cuticle contain cytoplasmic extensions of epidermal cells. Numerous short protrusions (p) of the apical plasma membrane with dense tips are visible. es ecdysial space. nu nucleus.
Figure 5 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 5 - Cellular extensions and tubules in the ecdysial space. A oblique semithin section through the dorsal surface of an anterior tergite in intramolt. A bundle of tubules (arrowhead) on the surface of the new exocuticle (ex) is seen in cross-section. B electron micrograph of a bundle of tubules (tu). Proximally, the tubules are very densely arranged and they dissociate distally. A cellular extension (ce) within an electron dense sheath is located at the center of the bundle. C cross-section through a bundle of tubules. The cellular extension (ce) at the center of the bundle contains microtubules. Dense material (dm) surrounds the extension. D oblique section through the base of a bundle in intramolt. A pore (po) in the new cuticle is located beneath the bundle. Tubules (tu) protrude from the surface of the epicuticle (ep). E longitudinal section through a pore beneath a bundle of tubules. The pore contains a cellular extension (ce). F section though the epidermis beneath a bundle of tubules. A cellular extension (ce), enclosed in a sheath, is located in an invagination of an epidermal cell (e). G section through the cellular extension at the level of the epidermis. Vesicles (v) are present in the cytoplasm of the epidermal cell and are fused with the plasma membrane in proximity of the cellular extension. es ecdysial space, sc scale
Figure 6 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 6 - A schematic representation of cellular extensions associated with tubular bundles in the ecdysial space. A bundle of tubules (tu) surrounds a cellular extension (ce) that reaches into the ecdysial space (es). The cellular extension is enclosed in an electron dense sheath (sh). At the level of the epidermis, the cellular extension is surrounded by an enveloping epidermal cell (en). b basal lamina, d epicuticular thickening, ep new epicuticle, ex new exocuticle, m mitochondrion, n nucleus, oc old cuticle, pl plasma membrane of the enveloping epidermal cell, r RER.
Figure 7 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 7 - Ultrastructure of anterior tergites in postmolt. A anterior tergite shortly after molt. First lamellae of the endocuticle (en) are deposited proximally to the exocuticle (ex). Pore canals (pc) appear electron lucent. The apical plasma membrane of epidermal cells (e) forms finger-like extensions (fe). B apical region of an epidermal cell in postmolt. The epidermal cell (e) contains a well developed RER (r). The apical plasma membrane forms short protrusions (p) with dense tips. Several lamellae of the endocuticle (en) are deposited. C bundle of tubules (tu) protruding from the epicuticle (ep) of a tergite in postmolt. The center of the bundle (c) is electron lucent. D section through a pore (po) in the exocuticle beneath a bundle of tubules in postmolt. The lumen of the pore is electron dense. E The epicuticle (ep), exocuticle (ex) and endocuticle (en) in intermolt. b bacterium, m mitochondrion, sc scale.
Figure 1 from: Vittori M, Kostanjšek R, Žnidaršič N, Strus J (2012) Molting and cuticle deposition in the subterranean trichoniscid Titanethes albus (Crustacea, Isopoda). ZooKeys 176: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.176.2285
Figure 1 - Molting in Titanethes albus. A a diagram of a typical molt cycle. The colored line shows the median observed durations of premolt and postmolt with intermolt. Different colors represent individual stages in the molt cycle. Key processes in each stage (early premolt, late premolt, and postmolt with intermolt) are indicated. Black dots indicate the onset of the longest and shortest observed premolt stages and the end of the longest and shortest observed intermolt stages B Titanethes albus immediately after posterior molt. The posterior half of the body is held upwards while the body is supported solely by the anterior four pairs of pereiopods C the posterior exuviae of Titanethes albus on a rock in Viršnica Cave. li end of longest observed intermolt stage lp onset of longest observed premolt stage si end of shortest observed intermolt stage sp onset of shortest observed premolt stage.
FIGURES 1–2. Cyphonethes biseriatus, male. 1, pleopod 1. 2, pleopod 2 in Revision of the genera Cyphonethes Verhoeff, 1926 and Titanethes Schioedte, 1849 (Isopoda: Oniscoidea: Trichoniscidae) with a description of a new genus and three new taxa
FIGURES 1–2. Cyphonethes biseriatus, male. 1, pleopod 1. 2, pleopod 2. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
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