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1,140 results for “VA”
Crab Burrows, Soil Nutrients, and Spartina alterniflora : organic content in Brownsville, VA 1992
The effect of Crab Burrows on Soil Nutrients and Spartina alterniflora by Winli Lin This study investigated the effects of fiddler crab (Uca pugnax) burrows on soil nutrients and the marsh grass Spartina alterniflora. Tall-form Spartina alterniflora (1-2m tall) typically dominates the marsh area that is flooded daily by tides. The short-form S. alterniflora(<0.5m tall) generally occupies the higher tidal heights (Bertness 1985). These short-form S. alterniflora are charterized by reduced soil drainage (Mendelssohn and Senecs 1980; Howes et al. 1981; Mendelssohn et al. 1981) and increased soil sulfide levels (King et al. 1982). From comparing control areas devoid of burrrows to those with burrows added, an increase in above-ground Spartina alterniflora production has been observed along with an increase of soil drainage rates and redox potential levels (Bertness 1985). Others have looked at how nutrient availability (Mendelssohn 1979) and sulfide accumulation (King et al. 1982; Howarth and Giblin 1983) may be the primary limiting factors controlling the production and success of S. alterniflora. While soil water movement has been shown to influence the soil parameters, (i.e., sulfide concentration and redox potential) that directly affect cordgrass production (King et al. 1982; Koch et al. 1990), little has been studied on how biotic modifications, such as crab burrows, mediate these physical factors. The Uca pugnax, are burrowing deposit-feeders that excavate and maintain semi-permanent burrows in the marsh surface. They have been found to not only oxygenate marsh soils (Howes et al 1981) and modify sediment meiofaunal abundance, they could also provide a suitable environment for continued burrowing and, as a byproduct, increase the marsh grass production and maintain the tall-form S. alterniflora. Uca pugnax, the mud fiddler crab, is the dominant form of crab seen in Brownsville, VA. Their burrows are primarily restricted to areas of tall-form S. alterniflora, due
Soil Moisture at Three Different Dune Elevations on the Hog Island, Northampton County, VA 2023
In summer 2023, soils were collected from swale grasslands (embryonic, Intermediate [swale 1] and Inland [swale 2]) on southern Hog Island. They were kept in plastic bags to quantify soil moisture content, which was determined by weighing cores to obtain water mass before and after drying at 105 deg_C for 72 hours. For details, see: Woods, N.N., Zinnert, J.C. Shrub encroachment of coastal ecosystems depends on dune elevation. Plant Ecol 225, 1047-1057 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-024-01453-2
Topobathymetric DEMs of Short Prong marsh and tidal flat in Hog Island Bay, VA 2022-2023
Seamless DEMs of the marsh edge and tidal flat at Short Prong in 2022 and 2023 were created using a combination of aerial photogrammetry and boat-mounted single-beam echosounding. Aerial photogrammetry surveys of the subaerial intertidal flat and marsh edge were completed during low tide using a DJI Phantom 4 RTK drone. Positioning was determined using six surveyed ground control points and drone on-board RTK. During high tide, a single beam echosounder was used to survey six cross-shore transects of the subtidal and one alongshore transect near the marsh edge. The same flight plan and echosounding survey path was used both years, with surveys taking place on 7/19/22 and 7/11/23. Photogrammetric data was processed in Agisoft Metashape to produce a DEM and a photomosaic. Echosounding data was processed in Hydromagic and interpolated using the natural neighbor method in GIS. Overlap of survey extent between photogrammetric and echosounding DEMs were stitched together in GIS to create seamless DEMs with a cellsize of 3 cm from the lower elevations of the marsh platform into the subtidal flat for 2022 and 2023.
Birdwood Mammal Trapping Data, Charlottesville, VA, 1974-1978
This data was collected by Ray Dueser, Bob Rose and their students (among them, Marcia Wilson, John Porter and Bill Ingoly). It is included in the VCR LTER database for comparative purposes. The data itself consists of trapping records for 10x10 trapping grids with 7.6m (25 foot) trap spacing. (note: grid 5 had an unusual geometry due to size constraints). Up to 4 captures of an individual may be recorded on each line of data. Trapping used modified Fitch live traps with a #10 tin can as the main chamber. Traps were baited with cracked corn or hen scratch and run for 3 sequential nights in each trapping session. In addition to the basic trapping data, there are additional files such as a fortran program for detecting inconsistencies in the data (KCHECK.FOR), a listing of known problems (ERRORLIS), a program for calculating Minimum Number Known Alive (MNAPROG.FOR) and a file containing minimum number alive (BIRDMNA.DAT) for each grid, week, sex and species combination.
Root distributions of coastal red cedars on Catlett Island, VA, 2018
This dataset contains the fall direction and root distributions of windthrown Juniperus virginiana on the Catlett Islands, VA. The distribution, number, length, and circumference of exposed roots are reported here. Additionally the aspect (direction of steepest slope) and fall direction were measured. Catlett Islands are a series of ridged islands on the York River, VA. See also: Messerschmidt, Tyler C.; Langston, Amy K.; and Kirwan, Matthew L., Asymmetric root distributions reveal press-pulse responses in retreating coastal forests (2021). Ecology.
Bathymetry of South Bay, VA 2020
Bathymetry of South Bay, located along Virginia's eastern shore and collected over the course of three consecutive days (8/5/20 - 8/7/20) using a portable single beam echo sounder (CEESCOPE by CEE HydroSystems) and RTK GPS with NTRIP (R8 by Trimble as the base station and a NovAtel VEXXIS GNSS-802L as the rover antenna). A CSV of the processed point data with elevations in meters referenced to NAVD88 and mean sea level (based on the NOAA tide station in Wachapreague,VA) and coordinates as UTM zone 18N. Processed point data is provided as a CSV and as a shapefile as well as a DEM created through kriging of said point data with a 50x50 meter resolution, all projected to NAD 1983, UTM zone 18N.
Shrub Edge Community and Microclimate Data from Hog Island, VA 2021-2022
This data was collected from 2021-2023 on Hog Island, VA in the swale along the south end of the island where there is active shrub expansion of Morella cerifera (Southern wax myrtle). The microclimate data includes water table depth, soil moisture, soil nutrients, PAR (Photosynthetically active radiation), and temperature in (℃). These data were collected along the shrub edge and in the open grassland plots (n=10). The vegetation community data includes percent cover, stem density, and height measured in a 0.25 m2 plot. The 4 species identified to dominate in both communities were: Andropogon virginicus, Spartina patens, Panicum amarum, and Solidago sempervirens. These species were used for trait analyses. The trait data includes: specific leaf area (SLA), stem specific density (SSD), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), and leaf nutrients.
Minirhizotron data from Fertilization Experiment, Hog Island, VA, 1992
Minirhizotron data from fertilization experiment. On 36-year old dune ridge on Hog Island, VA. Data presented are a complete listing of all roots observed during the study period. See Weber, E. 1994. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the phenology of roots in a barrier island sand dune community. 1994. M.S. Thesis, Old Dominion University for a full description of the data gathering protocol. There were 83 frames (18 mm x 13.5 mm) sampled for every tube. If a frame had no roots in it, then that frame on that date does not appear in this data set.
Vegetation and Ground Cover of Permanent Plots for Upper Phillips Creek Marsh, Nassawadox, VA 1990-2014
Juncus roemerianus, the black needlerush, is a commonly found salt marsh plant. It exists especially in areas of little tidal inundation and low salinities. As such, it may play an important role in the accretion of marshes where sediment sources are not readily accessible. Biogenic accretion of marshes is a slow process representing the net result of production and decomposition. To study the process effectively requires long-term observations and experiments. We will initiate research at this site by selecting locations for study, collecting preliminary data on the locations, and designing long-term experiments. Plots for long-term observations will allow for analyses of changes in dominance of cover by plant species. We will choose plots to include the interface between J. roemerianus and other species and will follow changes at the interface. Also attached is an unpublished manuscript (PDF/A format) containing details of the data and some analyses.
Thicket Shoot Growth on Hog Island, VA 1990-2007
Mean annual shoot growth for Morella (formerly Myrica) cerifera thickets at five locations on Hog Island. The "eroding" site was lost due to complete erosion after 1997. A replacement "colonizing" site was added in 2004.
2003 GPS shorelines for Hog, Wreck, and Metompkin Islands, VA
This dataset was collected by Curtis Smith during the summer of 2003 as a Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) participant. It consists of Global Positioning System (GPS) lines collected by walking high-tide and vegetation (Hog Island only) lines using a Trimble Geoexplorer XT GPS unit. The resulting data was processed with GPS Pathfinder Office using differential correction. All data are in the UTM (zone 18) and the WGS-84 projection was used throughout. During the repeated surveys of Hog, Curtis was developing methodologies and conventions for surveying sometimes confusing high-tide lines. Each shapefile name contains the island and the date of the survey within 2003 in the form Rmmdd where mm is the month and dd is the day. For example Hog_R0717_05A.shp would be Hog Island, VA on July 17, 2003. The raw GPS position files are also included. These proprietary (.SSF) files require the Trimble Pathfinder Office software to be interpreted. Â Individual shapefiles for each survey day were later (2013) combined into a single shapefile with the island and date identified as attributes. Â
Bathymetry of Magothy Bay, VA 2007-2009
This dataset contains the bathymetry for Magothy Bay, Virginia, a small coastal bay located between Smith Island and the mainland of the Delmarva Peninsula near the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. Methodology for collection is similar to that described in Gomez(2008) thesis (see network links). Pixels are 10x10 meters and depths below Mean High Water are given in meters. Coordinates are UTM WGS84, Zone 18N. For adjustments to Mean sea level and other datums see the NOAA Benchmark Data Sheets (here is an excerpt for a near by benchmark): Station ID: 8638863 PUBLICATION DATE: 10/30/2003 Name:CHESAPEAKE BAY BRIDGE TUNNEL VIRGINIA NOAA Chart: 12254 Latitude: 36-deg 58.0' N USGS Quad: CAPE HENRY Longitude: 76-deg � 6.8' W T I D A L�� D A T U M S Tidal datums at CHESAPEAKE BAY BRIDGE TUNNEL based on: LENGTH OF SERIES: 19 YEARS TIME PERIOD:January 1983 - December 2001 TIDAL EPOCH: 1983-2001 CONTROL TIDE STATION: Elevations of tidal datums referred to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), in METERS: HIGHEST OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (02/05/1998) = 2.006 MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER (MHHW) = 0.884 MEAN HIGH WATER (MHW) = 0.814 MEAN SEA LEVEL (MSL) = 0.431 MEAN TIDE LEVEL (MTL) = 0.426 MEAN LOW WATER (MLW) = 0.037 MEAN LOWER LOW WATER (MLLW) = 0.000 LOWEST� OBSERVED WATER LEVEL (01/11/1978) = -0.895 In June 2013, positive (+) depth values were replaced with negative (-) elevation values for consistency with other VCR datasets.� No datum adjustments of the tidal datum were performed.
Bathymetry of Gargathy and Kegotank Bays, VA 2007-2009
This dataset contains bathymetry data for Gargathy and Kegotank Bays off the eastern coast of the Delmarva Peninsula. The dataset also includes information on the depth of many of the marsh and upland creeks leading into the bays. Elevations are in meters from mean-high water. Pixels are 10x10 meters on a side anD coordinates are UTM WGS84, Zone 18. Gomez 2008 (see network links) stated "The tidal range at Gargathy Neck was determined and used to obtain the relationship between NAVD88 and MHW. The tidal range was estimated by taking an average of 5 different stations close to Gargathy Neck. Tidal ranges at stations located in Gargathy inlet, Chincoteague, Metompkin, Wachapreague and Wallops Islands (www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/station-retrieve.shtml?type=bench+mark+data+sheets) were used to compute an average tidal range at Gargathy Neck. The tidal range at Gargathy Neck was determined to be 1.04 m + 0.18 m. Next, the relationship between NAVD88 and MHW was determined for Wallops Island and two stations at Chincoteague (www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/stationretrieve. shtml?type=bench+mark+data+sheets). About 40% of the tidal range was above NAVD88 datum and about 60% of the tidal range was below NAVD 88 datum. Based on these distributions around NAVD 88 datum, mean high water at Gargathy Neck, was determined 0.43 m above NAVD 88 and mean low water is 0.64 m below NAVD88 (Figure 9). The relationship between NAVD 88 datum and mean high water was used to adjust the bathymetric data to mean high water level." Here is the datum information from NOAA for one of the stations used. Station ID: 8630249 PUBLICATION DATE: 04/30/2003 Name: CHINCOTEAGUE, USCG STATION VIRGINIA NOAA Chart: 12211 Latitude: 37-deg 55.9' N USGS Quad: CHINCOTEAGUE WEST Longitude: 75-deg 23.0' W T I D A L D A T U M S Tidal datums at CHINCOTEAGUE, USCG STATION based on: LENGTH OF SERIES: 12 MONTHS TIME PERIOD: February 1977 - January 1978 TIDAL EPOCH: 1983-2001 CONTROL TIDE STATION: 8638863 CHESAPEAKE BAY BRIDGE T
Temperature, pH and conductivity of tidal creeks in the Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic Coasts of Northampton County, VA 1991
This data was submitted in 4 individual files. These have been merged as 'all.prn' and the original files are available in the orig_data subdirectory. Spreadsheet readable (tab-delimited ASCII and Excel) versions are in the 'spreadsheets' directory.
Groundwater Levels at Phillips Creek Marsh, VA 2012-2020
This dataset contains information on water level and temperature in a series of groundwater wells in Phillips Creek Marsh, near Nassawadox, VA on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Data on temperature and water pressure are collected every 12 minutes using automated "Ceradiver" data loggers and transformed following atmospheric adjustment into water levels. This dataset extends previous measurements using different technologies for three of the wells included in dataset: "Ground Water Level at Brownsville and Hog Island, VA 1997-2009" (knb-lter-vcr.142). The Creekbank (CB), High Marsh (BH) and Tracy2 sites are the CB1, JUNCUS2 and BW3 sites in this dataset, respectively.
Long-Term Fertilization Plots in Swale Vegetation on Hog Island, VA 2015 -
Nutrient enrichment plots were installed on Hog Island in 2015 (Moulton, 2017) following a modified Nutrient Network (nutnet.org) protocol. Plots followed a randomized design with three plot treatments (N = nitrogen, P = phosphorus, NP = nitrogen + phosphorus, and C = Control), replicated five times per treatment (N = 20 total experimental units, n = 5 per treatment). Each unit was 3 m2 with 1 m walkways. Units were subdivided into four 1 m2 subplots. N, P, and NP are applied in two applications, 30 days apart, at a rate of 10 g m-2 yr-1. N was added in the form of slow release urea (46-0-0) and P in the form of triple phosphate (0-45-0). Aboveground vegetation was harvested to ground level within a 0.1 x 1 m frame and extrapolated to represent plot level productivity (g m-2). Samples were dried for 72 h at 60 C and weighed (g). Species composition was sampled using areal cover estimation (%) of each species, bare ground, and dead plant material, such that total cover of each plot summed to 100%. Species cover was assessed in 1 m2 sub plots that had not previously been used for destructive sampling.
Shear Stress, Biomass, Bulk Density, Organic Matter on the Bank of the York River, VA 2018
This dataset includes data used to assess marsh vulnerability to sea-level rise by quantifying marsh erodibility along a salinity gradient in the York River in southeastern Virginia. We measured the erodibility of marshes along a salinity gradient in the York River, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay (Virginia, USA). We chose five marshes along the York River salinity gradient for this study. Salinity decreases upriver from 18 ppt at the Goodwin Islands to 0 ppt at the Pamunkey Indian Reservation. Within these overall sites, we chose sampling locations along tidal creeks 5-10 m wide, with marsh widths beyond 20 meters and consistent elevations across all study sites. We collected samples from both the tidal channel marsh edge and from the marsh interior. Edge sites were located between the tidal channel and any levee (1 m from edge), while interior sites were located at a measured distance of 10-12 m away from the edge site. All field work was done in July-August 2018, except for the collection of cores for belowground biomass at the Sweet Hall Marsh and Pamunkey Indian Reservation marsh edge sites (September 2018) and elevation profiles of the Pamunkey Indian Reservation (March 2020). Data tables are: 1) shear strength, 2) aboveground biomass, 3) belowground biomass, 4) LOI (loss on ignition), 5) kinematic GPS data along the transects and 6) averages for each station of variables in tables 1, 3 and 4.
High-frequency observations of overwash water and bed elevations from five MeOw (Measuring Overwash) stations: Smith Island, VA, August-November 2019
Water and bed surface elevation measurements from five MeOw (Measuring Overwash) stations installed on Smith Island, VA, from 21 August 2019 to 22 November 2019. The five MeOw stations consist of one ultrasonic distance sensor inside a stilling well to measure water levels, and a second attached to an arm extending outwards from the well to measure the elevation of the sediment surface (when dry) or the water surface (when inundated). Note: Station MeOw2 was damaged and produced no data, and so is not included in this dataset.
Levee Soil Characteristics of Gloucester County, VA
This dataset consists of soil and vegetation characteristics from transects across man-made levees in Gloucester County VA. Table 1 provides data on specific locations, species composition, flood tolerance, organic matter depth and salinity. Table 2 provides information regarding percent organic matter for depth slices out of soil cores.
Hog Island, VA shorelines and upland/marsh boundaries 1852-2001
Digital outlines of Hog Island VA for: 1852, 1871, 1910, 1919, 1943, 1967, 1980, 1990 and 1993. The coverage-ID field contains a number that allow distinguishing marsh from upland areas (typically 1=marsh, 2=upland). There are also .jpg image files containing browse images for the coverages. /// Update: John Porter added 2001 based on digitization of a 10/15/2001 IKONOS satellite image. The high tide line was digitized on the beach based on the edge of the wetted sand. For the marsh, the marsh-lagoon border was digitized. The upland/marsh boundary is not included for 2001. Original shapefiles (one per year) are in NAD27 UTM 18N. Update2: Dave Richardson combined shapefiles for individual years into a single shapefile with YEAR added as a distinguishing attribute. CLASS was added as a text string to describe the value of ID (0=Water, 1=Marsh, 2=Upland, or 3=Upland+Marsh). Finally, data was reprojected from UTM 18N NAD27 to UTM 18N WGS84 and the Area and Perimeter values recalculated. This is now the most up-to-date version of this dataset, and supercedes dataset VCR97037.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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