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31 results for “Vireo”
Figure 6 in Genetic, bioacoustic and morphological analyses reveal cryptic speciation in the warbling vireo complex (Vireo gilvus: Vireonidae: Passeriformes)
Figure 6. Contemporary ecological niche models for three of the four warbling vireo microsatellite genetic groups (Black Hills are not included): north-western (top), south-western (middle) and eastern (bottom). The logarithmic scale on the left depicts the percent likelihood of habitat suitability based on climate variables.
Cryptic speciation in the Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)
<p><span>Eastern (<i>Vireo gilvus gilvus</i>) and western (<i>V. g. swainsoni</i>) forms of the Warbling Vireo have essentially allopatric breeding ranges across north-central North America, but come into contact in central Alberta, Canada. In 1986, Jon Barlow presented preliminary morphological and song evidence suggesting that the Warbling Vireo complex might comprise more than one valid species. However, to date Barlow's suggestion is supported by only limited DNA evidence, demonstration of molt and migration differences between the taxa, and anecdotal accounts of differences in song, morphology, plumage, and ecology. We analyzed variation in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA in birds from Alberta and surrounding areas to determine the levels of genetic differentiation and hybridization occurring in the contact zone, and whether the two taxa warrant recognition as separate biological species. Our analyses reveal that Warbling Vireos in Alberta and the surrounding areas are separated into two well-defined, genetically-differentiated, and monophyletic clades corresponding to previously-recognized taxonomic groups. The two taxa come into contact in a narrow (~85 km) zone in Barrhead County, northwest of Edmonton, Alberta. They show evidence of limited hybridization. The distinct genetic differences are maintained in the contact zone, where individuals of the two taxa may occupy neighboring territories. Differences in spring arrival dates, molt schedules and migration routes indicate that a migratory divide may play an important role in reproductive isolation. We suggest that the two taxa are distinct cryptic species: an eastern form, <i>Vireo gilvus, </i>and a western form, <i>Vireo swainsoni</i>.</span></p>
Data from: Birds in space & time: genetic changes accompanying anthropogenic habitat fragmentation in the endangered black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapilla)
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Data from: Cryptic speciation and gene flow in a migratory songbird species complex: insights from the red-eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceus)
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Data from: How far is too close? Restricted, sex-biased dispersal in black-capped vireos
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Do habitat and elevation promote hybridization during secondary contact between three genetically distinct groups of warbling vireo (Vireo gilvus)?
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Cryptic speciation in the Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)
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Cassin's vireo
Drawing uploaded to scidraw.io on: 18 August 2019
Cassin's vireo
Drawing uploaded to scidraw.io on: 18 August 2019
Relationships of song structure to phylogenetic history, habitat, and morphology in the vireos, greenlets, and allies (Passeriformes: Vireonidae)
<p>Acoustic signals show immense variation among passerines, and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this diversity. In this study, we tested, for the first time, the relationships of song structure to phylogeny, habitat type, and morphology in the vireos and allies (Vireonidae). Every measure of song structure considered in this study had moderate and significant phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, two song-constraining morphological traits, bill shape and body mass, also exhibited significant phylogenetic signal. Song length showed the largest within-clade similarity; longer songs were highly conserved in part of the greenlet (<i>Hylophilus</i>) clade, whereas shorter songs characterized the remaining seven genera. We found no differences in song structure among vireonids living in different habitat types. However, vireonids with shorter, stouter bills and larger bodies sang songs with lower minimum and maximum peak frequency, compared with species with longer, thinner bills and smaller bodies. We conclude that Vireonidae song evolution is driven partially by phylogenetically conserved morphological traits. Our findings support the phylogenetic signal and morphological constraints hypotheses explaining structural diversity in avian acoustic signals.</p>
Relationships of song structure to phylogenetic history, habitat, and morphology in the vireos, greenlets, and allies (Passeriformes: Vireonidae)
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