Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
133
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
133 results for “Visual cortex”
Sound improves neuronal encoding of visual stimuli in mouse primary visual cortex
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Spatial modulation of visual responses arises in cortex with active navigation
<p>During navigation, the visual responses of neurons in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) are modulated by the animal's spatial position. Here we show that this spatial modulation is similarly present across multiple higher visual areas but negligible in the main thalamic pathway into V1. Similar to hippocampus, spatial modulation in visual cortex strengthens with experience and with active behavior. Active navigation in a familiar environment, therefore, enhances the spatial modulation of visual signals starting in the cortex.</p>
Retinotopic organization of visual cortex in human infants
<p>Vision develops rapidly during infancy, yet how visual cortex is organized during this period is unclear. In particular, it is unknown whether functional maps that organize the mature adult visual cortex are present in the infant striate and extrastriate cortex. Here we test the functional maturity of infant visual cortex by performing retinotopic mapping with fMRI. Infants aged 5–23 months had retinotopic maps, with alternating preferences for vertical and horizontal meridians indicative of area boundaries from V1 to V4, and an orthogonal gradient of preferences from high to low spatial frequencies. The presence of multiple visual maps throughout visual cortex in infants indicates a greater maturity of extrastriate cortex than previously appreciated. The areas showed subtle age-related fine-tuning, suggesting that early maturation undergoes continued refinement. This early maturation of area boundaries and tuning may scaffold subsequent developmental changes. </p>
Data from: Retinotopic-like maps of spatial sound in primary 'visual' cortex of blind human echolocators
The functional specialisations of cortical sensory areas were traditionally viewed as being tied to specific modalities. A radically different emerging view is that the brain is organized by task rather than sensory modality, but it has not yet been shown that this applies to primary sensory cortices. Here we report such evidence by showing that primary 'visual' cortex can be adapted to map spatial locations of sound in blind humans who regularly perceive space through sound echoes. Specifically, we objectively quantify the similarity between measured stimulus maps for sound eccentricity and predicted stimulus maps for visual eccentricity in primary 'visual' cortex (using a probabilistic atlas based on cortical anatomy) to find that stimulus maps for sound in expert echolocators are directly comparable to those for vision in sighted people. Furthermore, the degree of this similarity is positively related with echolocation ability. We also rule out explanations based on top-down modulation of brain activity – e.g. through imagery. This result is clear evidence that task-specific organization can extend even to primary sensory cortices, and in this way is pivotal in our reinterpretation of the functional organisation of the human brain.
NMDA receptors in visual cortex are necessary for normal visuomotor integration and skill learning
<p>Raw data and Matlab code to generate the figures of the publication "NMDA receptors in visual cortex are necessary for normal visuomotor integration and skill learning" <a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.71476">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.71476</a>. Run generate_NKO_figures.m to produce all figures in the publication. </p>
Decision-related activity and movement selection in primate visual cortex
<p>Fluctuations in the activity of sensory neurons often predict perceptual decisions. This connection can be quantified with a metric called choice probability (CP), and there has been a longstanding debate about whether CP reflects a causal influence on decisions, or an echo of decision-making activity elsewhere in the brain. Here we show that CP can actually reflect a third variable, namely the movement used to indicate the decision. In a standard visual motion discrimination task, neurons in the middle temporal (MT) area of the primate visual cortex responded more strongly during trials in which the animals executed a saccade toward their receptive fields, and less strongly for saccades directed away from the receptive fields. The resulting trial-to-trial variability accounted for much of the CP observed across the neuronal population, and it arose through training. The learned association between MT activity and oculomotor selection was causal, as pharmacological inactivation of MT neurons biased behavioral responses away from the corresponding receptive field locations. These results demonstrate that training on a task with fixed sensorimotor contingencies introduces movement-related activity in sensory brain regions, and that this plasticity can shape the neural circuitry of perceptual decision-making.</p>
Developmentally stable representations of naturalistic image structure in macaque visual cortex
<p>Data and analysis code used in <em>Developmentally stable representations of naturalistic image structure in macaque visual cortex</em></p> <div>Gerick M. Lee, C. L. Rodríguez-Deliz, Brittany N. Bushnell, Najib J. Majaj, J. Anthony Movshon, Lynne Kiorpes</div> <div>bioRxiv 2024.02.24.581889; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.24.581889</div> <p>The directory structure includes three .m files, each beginning with the word "repository" - these three files should work out of the box to generate all the figures from the manuscript. </p> <p>1) Download the zip file.</p> <p>2) Navigate to the repository directory in matlab.</p> <p>3) Run the repository of interest.</p>
Visual stimuli elicit feedforward and feedback waves in mouse cortex (data and code)
<p>See the readme file for details of the information contained therein.</p> <p>There are also separate readme files for publicly available github repositories from Lyle Muller and the circular statistics toolbox (both for matlab). </p> <p>This dataset includes both the raw data and the analysis code used to process them in Aggarwal et al, Nature Communications, 2022. </p>
Training and test data, plus saved models for the paper "Top-down effects in an early visual cortex inspired hierarchical Variational Autoencoder" submitted to the SVRHM 2022 Workshop @ NeurIPS
<p>Each .pkl file contains a training or test dataset in the form of a Python dictionary (generated with Python 3.8.5) with the following fields:</p><ul><li>'train_images': 640,000 float32 images used for model training. 20px images contain 400 pixel intensities, 40px images contain 1600 pixel intensities each.</li><li>'train_labels': float32 labels for each image in 'train_images'. All natural images are labeled with 0.0. Texture images are labeled with 0.0, 1,0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0, according to their texture family.</li><li>'test_images': 64,000 float32 images used for model testing. 20px images contain 400 pixel intensities, 40px images contain 1600 pixel intensities each.</li><li>'test_labels': float32 labels for each image in 'test_images'. All natural images are labeled with 0.0. Texture images are labeled with 0.0, 1,0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0, according to their texture family.</li></ul><p>Each .zip file contains a saved model. Details on these are coming soon.</p><p>For more details, see the paper "Top-down effects in an early visual cortex inspired hierarchical Variational Autoencoder" published at the SVRHM 2022 Workshop @ NeurIPS (<a href="https://openreview.net/forum?id=8dfboOQfYt3">link</a>).</p>
Melanopsin-mediated amplification of cone signals in the human visual cortex
<p>The ambient daylight variation is coded by melanopsin photoreceptors and their luxotonic activity increases towards midday when colour temperatures are cooler, and irradiances are higher. Although melanopsin and cone photoresponses can be mediated via separate pathways, the connectivity of melanopsin cells across all levels of the retina enables them to modify cone signals. The downstream effects of melanopsin-cone interactions on human vision are however, incompletely understood. Here, we determined how the change in daytime melanopsin activation affects the human cone pathway signals in the visual cortex. A 5-primary silent-substitution method was developed to evaluate the dependence of cone-mediated signals on melanopsin activation by spectrally tuning the lights and stabilising the rhodopsin activation under a constant cone photometric luminance. The retinal (white noise electroretinogram, wnERG) and cortical responses (visual evoked potential, wnVEP) were simultaneously recorded with the photoreceptor-directed lights in 10 observers. By increasing the melanopsin activation, a reverse response pattern was observed with cone signals being supressed in the retina by 27% (p=0.03) and subsequently amplified by 16% (p=0.01) as they reach the cortex. We infer that melanopsin activity can amplify cone signals at sites distal to retinal bipolar cells to cause a decrease in the psychophysical Weber fraction for cone vision.</p>
Cholinergic input to mouse visual cortex signals a movement state and acutely enhances layer 5 responsiveness
<div>All raw data and Matlab code necessary to produce the figures of <a href="https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/89986">https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/89986</a></div> <div> <div> </div> </div>
Data - "Suppressing feedback signals to visual cortex abolishes attentional modulation"
<p>Data associated with article "Suppressing feedback signals to visual cortex abolishes attentional modulation"</p>
Spikiness and animacy as potential organising principles of human ventral visual cortex
<p>Considerable research has been devoted to understanding the fundamental organising principles of the ventral visual pathway. A recent study revealed a series of 3–4 topographical maps arranged along the macaque inferotemporal (IT) cortex. The maps articulated a two-dimensional space based on the spikiness and animacy of visual objects, with 'inanimate-spiky' and 'inanimate-stubby' regions of the maps constituting two previously unidentified cortical networks. The goal of our study was to determine whether a similar functional organisation might exist in human IT. To address this question, we presented the same object stimuli and images from 'classic' object categories (bodies, faces, houses) to humans while recording fMRI activity at 7 Tesla. Contrasts designed to reveal the spikiness-animacy object space evoked extensive significant activation across human IT. However, unlike the macaque, we did not observe a clear sequence of complete maps, and selectivity for the spikiness-animacy space was deeply and mutually entangled with category-selectivity. Instead, we observed multiple new stimulus preferences in category-selective regions, including functional sub-structure related to object spikiness in scene-selective cortex. Taken together, these findings highlight spikiness as a promising organising principle of human IT and provide new insights into the role of category-selective regions in visual object processing.</p>
Alpha-frequency feedback to early visual cortex orchestrates coherent naturalistic vision (Rawdata)
<p>During naturalistic vision, the brain generates coherent percepts by integrating sensory inputs scattered across the visual field. Here, we asked whether this integration process is mediated by rhythmic cortical feedback. In EEG and fMRI experiments, we experimentally manipulated integrative processing by changing the spatiotemporal coherence of naturalistic videos presented across visual hemifields. Our EEG data revealed that information about incoherent videos is coded in feedforward-related gamma activity while information about coherent videos is coded in feedback-related alpha activity, indicating that integration is indeed mediated by rhythmic activity. Our fMRI data identified scene-selective cortex and hMT as likely sources of this feedback. Analytically combining our EEG and fMRI data further revealed that feedback-related representations in the alpha band shape the earliest stages of visual processing in cortex. Together, our findings indicate that the construction of coherent visual experiences relies on cortical feedback rhythms that fully traverse the visual hierarchy.</p>
Metabolic Changes in the Activated Human Visual Cortex During Mild Hypoxia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02482571. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Processed data for: Co-registration of heading to visual cues in retrosplenial cortex
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Melanopsin-mediated amplification of cone signals in the human visual cortex
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Decision-related activity and movement selection in primate visual cortex
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Fine-grained neural coding of bodies and body parts in human visual cortex
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.