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Distribution. Namibia and South Africa. One possible specimen in Angola and one in Zambia require confirmation. in Viverridae

Distribution. Namibia and South Africa. One possible specimen in Angola and one in Zambia require confirmation.

Subspecies and Distribution. A. t. trivirgata Gray, 1832 — Peninsular Thailand and Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo; also found on several small Indonesian Is. A. t. leucotis Horsfield, 1851 — NE India (Assam), Bangladesh, China (Yunnan), and Mainland SE Asia to the Isthmus of Kra. A. t. tnilineata Wagner, 1841 — Java. in Viverridae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. t. trivirgata Gray, 1832 — Peninsular Thailand and Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo; also found on several small Indonesian Is. A. t. leucotis Horsfield, 1851 — NE India (Assam), Bangladesh, China (Yunnan), and Mainland SE Asia to the Isthmus of Kra. A. t. tnilineata Wagner, 1841 — Java.

Distribution. Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. A specimen collected from Oda in Ghana in 1946 has been attributed to this species, but its true origin is in question. in Viverridae

Distribution. Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. A specimen collected from Oda in Ghana in 1946 has been attributed to this species, but its true origin is in question.

Subspecies and Distribution. G. m. maculata Gray, 1830 — Ethiopia and Eritrea. G. m. letabae Thomas & Schwann, 1906 — W, C & E Africa, also in Angola, NE Namibia, Botswana, and SW Zambia. G. m. mossambica Matschie, 1902 — Mozambique and South Africa. G. m. zambesiana Matschie, 1902 — Malawi and Zimbabwe. in Viverridae

Subspecies and Distribution. G. m. maculata Gray, 1830 — Ethiopia and Eritrea. G. m. letabae Thomas & Schwann, 1906 — W, C & E Africa, also in Angola, NE Namibia, Botswana, and SW Zambia. G. m. mossambica Matschie, 1902 — Mozambique and South Africa. G. m. zambesiana Matschie, 1902 — Malawi and Zimbabwe.

Subspecies and Distribution. P. r. richardsonii Thomson, 1842 — Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea (and Bioko I), Gabon, and PR Congo. P. r. ochracea Thomas & Wroughton, 1907 — DR Congo. in Viverridae

Subspecies and Distribution. P. r. richardsonii Thomson, 1842 — Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea (and Bioko I), Gabon, and PR Congo. P. r. ochracea Thomas & Wroughton, 1907 — DR Congo.

Subspecies and Distribution. G. t. tigrina Schreber, 1776 — South Africa (Southern region of Western Cape to Fastern Cape Provinces). G. t. methi Roberts, 1948 — South Africa (S of Umzigaba River, Pondoland), and Lesotho. in Viverridae

Subspecies and Distribution. G. t. tigrina Schreber, 1776 — South Africa (Southern region of Western Cape to Fastern Cape Provinces). G. t. methi Roberts, 1948 — South Africa (S of Umzigaba River, Pondoland), and Lesotho.

Subspecies and Distribution. G. g. genetta Linnaeus, 1758 — SW Europe and N Africa from Morocco to Libya. G. g. dongolana Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 — E, NE & C Africa. G. g. grantii Thomas, 1902 — SW Arabian Peninsula in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, and Oman. G. g. pulchra Matschie, 1902 — Angola, Namibia, Botswana, W Zambia, and NE South Africa. G. g. senegalensis Fischer, 1829 — W Africa. in Viverridae

Subspecies and Distribution. G. g. genetta Linnaeus, 1758 — SW Europe and N Africa from Morocco to Libya. G. g. dongolana Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 — E, NE & C Africa. G. g. grantii Thomas, 1902 — SW Arabian Peninsula in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, and Oman. G. g. pulchra Matschie, 1902 — Angola, Namibia, Botswana, W Zambia, and NE South Africa. G. g. senegalensis Fischer, 1829 — W Africa.

On following pages: 2 African Civet (Civettictis civetta); 3. Malabar Civet (Viverra civettina); 4. Large-spotted Civet (Viverra megaspila); 5. Malay Civet (Viverra tangalunga); 6. Large Indian Civet (Viverra zibetha). in Viverridae

On following pages: 2 African Civet (Civettictis civetta); 3. Malabar Civet (Viverra civettina); 4. Large-spotted Civet (Viverra megaspila); 5. Malay Civet (Viverra tangalunga); 6. Large Indian Civet (Viverra zibetha).

On following pages: 26. Binturong (Arctictis binturong); 27. Masked Palm Civet (Paguma larvata); 28. Common Palm (Paradoxurus zeylonensis); 31. Otter Civet (Cynogale bennetti); 32. Owston's Palm Civet (Chrotogale owstoni); 33 Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus); 29. Brown Palm Civet (Paradoxurus jerdoni); 30. Golden Palm Civet. Banded Palm Civet (Hemigalus derbyanus); 34. Hose's Palm Civet (Diplogale hosel). in Viverridae

On following pages: 26. Binturong (Arctictis binturong); 27. Masked Palm Civet (Paguma larvata); 28. Common Palm (Paradoxurus zeylonensis); 31. Otter Civet (Cynogale bennetti); 32. Owston's Palm Civet (Chrotogale owstoni); 33 Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus); 29. Brown Palm Civet (Paradoxurus jerdoni); 30. Golden Palm Civet. Banded Palm Civet (Hemigalus derbyanus); 34. Hose's Palm Civet (Diplogale hosel).

On following pages: 10. Angolan Genet (Genetta angolensis); 11. Bourlon's Genet (Genetta bourloni); 12. Crested Genet (Genetta cristata); 13. Feline Genet (Genetta felina), 14. Common Genet (Genetta genetta). in Viverridae

On following pages: 10. Angolan Genet (Genetta angolensis); 11. Bourlon's Genet (Genetta bourloni); 12. Crested Genet (Genetta cristata); 13. Feline Genet (Genetta felina), 14. Common Genet (Genetta genetta).

On following pages: 17. Pardine Genet (Genetta pardina); 18. Aquatic Genet (Genetta piscivora); 19. King Genet (Genetta poensis): 20. Servaline Genet (Genetta servalina): 21. Hausa Genet (Genetta thierry), 22. Cape Genet (Genetta tigrina); 23. Giant Genet (Genetta victoriae). in Viverridae

On following pages: 17. Pardine Genet (Genetta pardina); 18. Aquatic Genet (Genetta piscivora); 19. King Genet (Genetta poensis): 20. Servaline Genet (Genetta servalina): 21. Hausa Genet (Genetta thierry), 22. Cape Genet (Genetta tigrina); 23. Giant Genet (Genetta victoriae).

Fig. 8 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 8. Rostral entotympanic fused to the inner margin of the ectotympanic in Prionodon (AMNH 163595), medial view, ventral at top. Dashed line indicates path of the internal carotid artery within the ventral edge of the rostral entotympanic.

Fig. 7 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 7. Dissection of the auditory region of Prionodon pardicolor (AMNH 163595) in oblique lateral view. The posterior chamber of the bulla has been opened (A), revealing the inflected dorsal margin of the caudal entotympanic applied to the petrosal, and the ectotympanic resting on the promontorium anterior to the round window. Removal of the ectotympanic and rostral entotympanic (B) allows an unrestricted view of the petrosal promontorium with its robust ventral process forming an incipient flange buttressing the edge of the basioccipital. Note that the caudal entotympanic covers the ventral process of the promontorium when in place.

Fig. 4 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 4. The basicranium of Palaeoprionodon (MNHN Qu 9348) from Quercy: (A) ventral, (B) posteroventral, and (C) posterolateral views. In (B) small black triangles indicate line of attachment of the caudal entotympanic to the margin of the petrosal. For abbreviations in this and subsequent figures, see pages 3–4.

Fig. 3 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 3. Skulls of the Asian linsang Prionodon pardicolor (AMNH 163595, above) and African linsang Poiana richardsoni (AMNH 51438, below) in lateral view. Figures 3–10 are stereophotographs.

Fig. 6 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 6. Basicrania of Prionodon (AMNH 163595, A) and Poiana (AMNH 51438, B) in ventral view. The bony floor of the posterior chamber of the auditory bulla has been removed on one side in each individual to show the ectotympanic resting on the petrosal promontorium, and the size of the posterior chamber formed by the caudal entotympanic. Note the more expanded or inflated posterior chamber in Poiana relative to Prionodon.

Fig. 2 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 2. Skulls of the Quercy Palaeoprionodon (MNHN Qu 9370), the Asian linsang Prionodon pardicolor (AMNH 163595), and the African linsang Poiana richardsoni (AMNH 51438), from left to right. (A) dorsal view; (B) ventral view. Scale bar in this and all subsequent figures is 1 cm.

Fig. 10 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 10. Final stage of the dissection of the auditory bulla of Prionodon (AMNH 163595, A) and Poiana (AMNH 51438, B) in ventral view. Note the robust ventral process of the promontorium in Prionodon, only incipiently modified as a flange appressed against the basioccipital, hence similar to the form of the ventral process in Palaeoprionodon (compare with fig. 4). In Poiana the flange has been further modified as a thin blade and has been extended fore and aft to a greater degree than in Prionodon. The caudal entotympanic is more inflated in Poiana, broadly contacting the paroccipital process, whereas in Prionodon the caudal entotympanic is not as expanded, and the process still retains a vestige of its primitive rodlike form.

Fig. 9 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 9. Dissection of the auditory region of Poiana richardsoni (AMNH 51438) in oblique lateral view (compare with fig. 7). The posterior chamber of the bulla has been opened (A), showing the inflected dorsal margin of the caudal entotympanic applied to the petrosal, and the ectotympanic resting on the promontorium anterior to the round window. Removal of the ectotympanic and rostral entotympanic (B) reveals the petrosal promontorium with ventral process produced as a flange buttressing the edge of the basioccipital. The flange is more developed in Poiana than in Prionodon, and the caudal entotympanic element is more inflated.

Fig. 1 in Basicranial Anatomy of the Living Linsangs Prionodon and Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with Comments on the Early Evolution of Aeluroid Carnivorans

Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of the living Asian linsangs (Prionodon pardicolor, P. linsang) and African linsang (Poiana richardsoni), and the Eurasian localities that have produced fossils of the Oligocene aeluroid Palaeoprionodon. 1, Palaeoprionodon lamandini, Quercy fissures, France; 2, Hsanda Gol, Mongolia (?Palaeoprionodon); 3, Poiana richardsoni leightoni (western area), P. r. richardsoni (eastern area); 4, Prionodon pardicolor (northern area), Prionodon linsang (southern area).