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297 results for “Warbler”
Рис. 2. Типичные местообитания чернобровой камышевки: a — поΛынники в пос. Гайворон; b — тростниковые пΛавни в с. Сосновка Fig. 2. Typical habitats of the black-browed warbler: a — wormwood in the Gaivoron village; b — reed floodplains in the Sosnovka village in in the Ussuri region
Рис. 2. Типичные местообитания чернобровой камышевки: a — поΛынники в пос. Гайворон; b — тростниковые пΛавни в с. Сосновка Fig. 2. Typical habitats of the black-browed warbler: a — wormwood in the Gaivoron village; b — reed floodplains in the Sosnovka village
Рис. 1. ГнезΔовые биотопы чернобровой камышевки: a — опушка Λеса со спирейно-папоротниковым поΔΛеском на р. Самарга; b — спирейно-зΛакововая опушка в б. Сизиман Fig. 1. Breeding biotopes of the black-browed warbler: a — forest edge with spireal-fern undergrowth on the Samarga river; b — spirey-cereal edge in the Siziman Bay in in the Ussuri region
Рис. 1. ГнезΔовые биотопы чернобровой камышевки: a — опушка Λеса со спирейно-папоротниковым поΔΛеском на р. Самарга; b — спирейно-зΛакововая опушка в б. Сизиман Fig. 1. Breeding biotopes of the black-browed warbler: a — forest edge with spireal-fern undergrowth on the Samarga river; b — spirey-cereal edge in the Siziman Bay
Figure 3 in Effect of reed burning and precipitation on the breeding success of Great Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus, on a mining pond
Figure 3. Correlation between amount of precipitation and breeding success at Bager Pond, 2008–2011. Data points are Early and Late groups in 4 years.
Figure 1 in New distribution record of Booted Warbler Iduna caligata (Lichtenstein, 1823) from Hanle, Eastern Ladakh, India
Figure 1. Map of northern India showing the distribution of Iduna caligata in north-western India and the location of the present record (marked with red colour) at Khaldo hamlet of Hanle Village, eastern-Ladakh (map courtesy: ebird, 2021).
B in The monitoring of feather mites (Acari, Astigmata) of the Warbler (Aves: Sylviidae) species in the Kızılırmak delta, Samsun, Turkey
B rd spec es Figure 2. Number of the feather mite species identified on members of the family Sylviidae.
Figure. The left-hand photo shows the Basra Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus griseldis) caught at Aras River Ornithological Research Station. The right-hand photo compares A. griseldis (left) with a Great Reed-warbler (A. arundinaceus, right). in Endangered Basra Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus griseldis) recorded for the first time in Turkey (Aves: Acrocephalidae)
Figure. The left-hand photo shows the Basra Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus griseldis) caught at Aras River Ornithological Research Station. The right-hand photo compares A. griseldis (left) with a Great Reed-warbler (A. arundinaceus, right).
Fig. 8 in A New Species of Bush-Warbler from Bougainville Island and a Monophyletic Origin for Southwest Pacific Cettia
Fig. 8. Distribution of Cettia haddeni and relatives in the southwest Pacific. The distribution of sampled species and the putative close relatives C. carolinae and C. seebohmi are shown by circled islands or island groups, and the maximum likelihood relationships among sampled forms are superimposed. Although resolved, support for relationships among the island forms is poor (fig. 7).
Fig. 6 in A New Species of Bush-Warbler from Bougainville Island and a Monophyletic Origin for Southwest Pacific Cettia
Fig. 6. Strict consensus of nine equally parsimonious trees (L 5 1287 steps, CI 5 0.664, RI 5 0.557) obtained from analysis of partial RAG1 sequences from Cettia haddeni and putative sylvioid relatives (Beresford et al., 2005). Numbers below branches indicate bootstrap values $ 50% (see text).
Fig. 4 in A New Species of Bush-Warbler from Bougainville Island and a Monophyletic Origin for Southwest Pacific Cettia
Fig. 4. Scatterplots of individual Cettia on the first and second (A) and third and fourth (B) principal components derived from analysis of five external measurements (tables 1 and 4).
Fig. 5 in A New Species of Bush-Warbler from Bougainville Island and a Monophyletic Origin for Southwest Pacific Cettia
Fig. 5. UPGMA clustering of individual Cettia specimens based on pairwise Euclidean distances measured in the space defined by principal components rotation of five external morphological measurements (tables 1 and 4).
Fig. 2 in A New Species of Bush-Warbler from Bougainville Island and a Monophyletic Origin for Southwest Pacific Cettia
Fig. 2. Specimens of southwest Pacific island species of Cettia: left to right, Cettia annae (AMNH 332082), C. ruficapilla funebris (AMNH 251966), C. parens (AMNH 228063), and C. haddeni (AMNH 835234).
Fig. 1 in A New Species of Bush-Warbler from Bougainville Island and a Monophyletic Origin for Southwest Pacific Cettia
Fig. 1. The Odedi (Cettia haddeni, new species), bottom, with its relatives C. ruficapilla funebris from Taveuni Island, Fiji (top), and C. parens from Makira Island, Solomon Islands (middle). Original watercolor by John Anderton.
Figure 1 in Species delimitation based on multiple criteria: the Spotted Bush Warbler Bradypterus thoracicus complex (Aves: Megaluridae)
Figure 1. Distribution of the Bradypterus thoracicus complex compiled from previously published sources (grey; Dement'ev & Gladkov, 1968; Ali & Ripley, 1983; Flint et al., 1984; Meyer de Schauensee, 1984; Watson et al., 1986; Cheng, 1987; Round & Loskot, 1995; Rasmussen & Anderton, 2005) and the present study (numbers). Dark grey refers to breeding and pale grey to non-breeding. Field study sites are indicated by numbers (see Table 1 for details): (1) Manali, Himachal Pradesh; (2) Laoye Shan, Qinghai; (3) Huzu Bei Shan, Qinghai; (4) Mengda, Qinghai; (5) Wolong, Sichuan; (6) Emei Shan, Sichuan; (7) Jiuzhaigou, Gansu; (8) Taibai Shan, Shaanxi; (9) Listvyanka; (10) Panquengou, Shanxi; (11) Huzong, Heilongjiang; (12) Dailing, Heilongjiang. Localities where thoracicus and davidi and przevalskii and davidi, respectively, have been found sympatrically in the breeding season in the present study are indicated by white numbers. The winter distribution for kashmirensis has not been given in the literature, and the winter distribution for davidi has been considered uncertain.
Figure 4 in Species delimitation based on multiple criteria: the Spotted Bush Warbler Bradypterus thoracicus complex (Aves: Megaluridae)
Figure 4. Tree for all haplotypes, estimated by Bayesian analysis of cytochrome b (1073 bp) under the GTR + G model. Posterior probabilities (Ź 50%; 50 000 trees) are indicated above the nodes and parsimony bootstrap values (Ź 50%; 1000 replicates) below the nodes.
Figure 5 in Species delimitation based on multiple criteria: the Spotted Bush Warbler Bradypterus thoracicus complex (Aves: Megaluridae)
Figure 5. Altitudinal distributions of thoracicus/ przevalskii and davidi at three localities in central China where these two groups have been found in sympatry. Includes observations by T. E. Ortvad and J. S. Hansen (in litt.).
Figure 3 in Species delimitation based on multiple criteria: the Spotted Bush Warbler Bradypterus thoracicus complex (Aves: Megaluridae)
Figure 3. Sonograms of songs: A, thoracicus Emei Shan, Sichuan, China, early May; B, przevalskii Mengda, Qinghai province, China, mid-June; C, kashmirensis Manali, Himachal Pradesh, India, late June; D, suschkini Listvyanka, Lake Baikal, Russia, June; E, davidi Huzong, Heilongjiang province, China, late June; F, davidi Jiuzhaigou, Gansu province, China, mid-June. All recordings by Per Alström.
Resources from: Gut microbiome composition better reflects host phylogeny than diet diversity in breeding wood-warblers
<p>Understanding the factors that shape microbiomes can provide insight on the importance of host-symbiont interactions and on co-evolutionary dynamics. Unlike for mammals, previous studies have found little or no support for an influence of host evolutionary history on avian gut microbiome diversity and instead have suggested a greater influence of the environment or diet due to fast gut turnover. Because effects of different factors may be conflated by captivity and sampling design, examining natural variation using large sample sizes is important. Our goal was to overcome these limitations by sampling wild birds to compare environmental, dietary, and evolutionary influences on gut microbiome structure. We performed fecal metabarcoding to characterize both the gut microbiome and diet of fifteen wood-warbler species across a four-year period and from two geographic localities. We find host taxonomy generally explained ~10% of the variation between individuals, which is ~6-fold more variation of any other factor considered, including diet diversity. Further, gut microbiome similarity was more congruent with the host phylogeny than with host diet similarity and we found little association between diet diversity and microbiome diversity. Together, our results suggest evolutionary history is the strongest predictor of gut microbiome differentiation among wood-warblers. Although the phylogenetic signal of the warbler gut microbiome is not very strong, our data suggest that a stronger influence of diet (as measured by diet diversity) does not account for this pattern. The mechanism underlying this phylogenetic signal is not clear, but we argue host traits may filter colonization and maintenance of microbes.</p>
Data for: Brood parasitism of Hooded Warblers by Brown-headed Cowbirds: Severe impact on individual nests but modest consequences for seasonal fecundity and conservation
<div> <div> <div> <div> <p>Brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (<em>Molothrus ater</em>) often has pronounced negative effects on host nests. However, the extent to which parasitism reduces annual reproduction and presents conservation challenges for host species is unclear. We address this issue with data from a color-banded population of Hooded Warblers (<em>Setophaga citrina</em>) in Pennsylvania, where Hooded Warblers have increased dramatically despite frequent nest parasitism. Our analysis is based on both an extensive dataset (8 years, 847 nests) on the per-nest impacts of cowbird parasitism, and female-based stochastic simulations that accurately reflect the reproductive biology and parasitism rate (30%) of our study population. Cowbird parasitism has multiple negative consequences for Hooded Warbler nests, including: (1) reduced host clutch size, (2) increased nest abandonment, (3) increased risk of complete failure due to predation, and (4) in surviving nests increased egg loss, hatching failure, and nestling mortality. We estimate that parasitism reduces success of Hooded Warbler nests 68%, from 1.29 to 0.41 fledglings per nest. For females and populations, however, the consequences of nest parasitism are considerably less extreme; female annual fecundity decreases 25% for each nesting attempt parasitized, and population-level fecundity drops 5.6% for each 10% increase in the frequency of parasitism. These more modest impacts are attributable to: (1) steep declines in rates of cowbird parasitism as the nesting season progresses, (2) rapid re-nesting following abandonment or failure of parasitized nests, and (3) regular double brooding, with second broods initiated in late June and July when the incidence of cowbird parasitism is low. Our results help resolve the paradox of how cowbird parasitism can have both severe consequences for individual host nests but more modest and sustainable conservation impacts on the seasonal fecundity of females and populations. They further underscore the importance of determining population-level effects of brood parasites before investing in costly management efforts.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Climate change is predicted to reduce sympatry among North American wood-warblers
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Data from: Migratory singers dynamically overlap the signal space of a breeding warbler community
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