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55 results for “Water Use Efficiency”
Pushing the limits of C3 intrinsic water use efficiency in Mediterranean semiarid steppes: responses of a drought-avoider perennial grass to climate aridification
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Data from: Nutrient enrichment shifts peak water-use efficiency to wetter conditions in an alpine meadow
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Lianas and trees exhibit divergent intrinsic water-use efficiency along elevational gradients in South American and African tropical forests
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Landscape water use efficiency study: central Arizona-Phoenix, 2000-2003
This project was initiated in collaboration with the Desert Botanical Garden to study water use efficiency at the landscape level within the central Arizona-Phoenix, 2000-2003.
Efficient removal of pharmaceuticals from water using graphene nanoplatelets as adsorbent
<p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><span>Recently, pharmaceutical pollutants in water emerge as global concern as they give threat to human health and environment. In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were used to efficiently remove antibiotics sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and analgesic acetaminophen (ACM) as pharmaceutical pollutants from water by adsorption process. GNPs; C750, C300, M15, and M5 were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. The effects of several parameters; viz., solution pH, adsorbent amount, initial concentration and contact time were studied. The parameters were optimized by batch adsorption process and the maximum removal efficiency for both pharmaceuticals were 99%. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms model were employed, and the experimental data were best analysed with pseudo-second kinetic and Langmuir isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of 210.08 mg g<sup>-1</sup> for sulfamethoxazole and 56.21 mg g<sup>-1</sup> for acetaminophen. Regeneration study were applied using different eluents; 5% ethanol-deionized water 0.005 M NaOH and HCl. GNP C300 were able to remove most of both pollutants from environmental water samples. Molecular docking was used to simulate the adsorption mechanism of GNP C300 towards sulfamethoxazole and acetaminophen with free binding energy of -7.54 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> and -5.29 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> respectively which revealed adsorption occurred spontaneously.</span></p>
Data from: Disentangling the effect of competition, CO2 and climate on intrinsic water-use efficiency and tree growth
1. Climate change scenarios forecast rising temperatures for the Mediterranean region, which could enhance vulnerability to drought stress in forest ecosystems. The long-term effects of climate forcing on tree performance can be, however, modulated by other environmental factors, such as competition and rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. 2. We assessed the concomitant effect of competition, climate and CO2 concentrations on the tree-ring δ13C-derived intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) and basal area increments (BAI) of species with different drought tolerance: two Mediterranean deciduous species (Quercus faginea Lam. and Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) and one conifer (Pinus sylvestris L.). Additionally, given that competition may be managed to mitigate the effect of increasing drought stress, we further examined the influence of this variable on iWUE and growth using data compiled from the literature, providing the first review on the response of iWUE to competition. 3. Competition had no significant effect on iWUE in any of the three species studied, whereas, as expected, growth rates were significantly higher under low competition levels. This was consistent with the literature review, which showed that shifts in iWUE with competition changes are rare; supporting the hypothesis that leaf-level gas exchange tends to be a homeostatic trait. In the long term, the three species exhibited a significant increasing trend in iWUE due to the combined effect of increased CO2 concentration, climate and age. Growth, however, was mostly affected by competition and climate and in most cases was not enhanced as a result of the increase in iWUE. 4. Synthesis. Regardless of their functional response to drought, trees respond to reduced competition through structural shifts such as increased radial growth rather than leaf-level gas exchange adjustments. CO2 and climate are, therefore, the main drivers of iWUE variability, rather than competition. Thus, if temperature-induced drought becomes limiting, reducing competition for resources may not offset the detrimental effect of increasing drought stress on tree physiology and growth decline may occur without a CO2 fertilization effect.
Data from: Tree-to-tree competition in mixed European beech-Scots pine forests has different impacts on growth and water-use efficiency depending on site conditions
1. Mixed conifer-hardwood forests can be more productive than pure forests and they are increasingly considered as ecosystems that could provide adaptation strategies in the face of global change. However, the combined effects of tree-to-tree competition, rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate on such mixtures remain poorly characterized and understood. 2. To fill this research gap, we reconstructed 34-year series (1980-2013) of growth (basal area increment, BAI) and intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) – European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) mixed stands at two climatically contrasting sites located in the southwestern Pyrenees. We also gathered data on tree-to-tree competition and climate variables in order to test the hypotheses that (i) radial growth will be greater when inter-specific competition exceeds intra-specific competition, i.e. when species complementarity occurs, and (ii) enhanced iWUE could be linked to improved stem radial growth. 3. Growth of both species was reduced when intra-specific competition increased. Species complementarity was linked to improved growth of Scots pine at the continental site, whilst competition overrode any complementarity advantage at the drought-prone Mediterranean site. Beech growth did not show any significant response to pine admixture likely due to shade tolerance and the highly competitive nature of this species. Increasing inter-specific competition drove recent iWUE changes, which increased in Scots pine but decreased in European beech. The iWUE enhancement did not involve any growth improvement in Scots pine. However, the positive BAI-iWUE relationship found for beech suggests an enhanced beech growth in drought-prone sites due to improved water use. 4. Synthesis. Complementarity may enhance growth in mixed forests. However, water scarcity can constrict light-related complementarity for shade intolerant species (Scots pine) in drought-prone sites. BAI-iWUE relationships were negative for Scots pine and positive for European beech. These contrasting behaviours have got implications for coping with the expected increasing drought events in Scots pine-European beech mixtures located near the ecological limit of the two species. Complementarity effects between tree species should be considered to avoid overestimating the degree of future carbon uptake by mixed conifer-broadleaf forests.
Time-efficient atmospheric water harvesting using Fluorophenyl oligomer incorporated MOFs
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Effects of different fertilization practices on maize yield, soil nutrients, soil moisture, and water use efficiency in northern China based on a meta-analysis
<p>The detailed information of selected studies and collected data. The data for authors, year, type of fertilization and indicator</p>
Contrasting response of the water use efficiency to precipitation changes between the alpine meadow and alpine steppe over the Tibetan Plateau
<p>The file of AlpineGrassland_GrowingSeason_WUE is dataset of the growing season water use efficiency of alpine grassland over the tibetan plateau during 1982-2014.</p>
Water modelling used in "On the efficient particle dispersion and transfer in the fabrication of Al-SiCp MMCs"
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Data from: Tree-to-tree competition in mixed European beech-Scots pine forests has different impacts on growth and water-use efficiency depending on site conditions
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Data from: Disentangling the effect of competition, CO2 and climate on intrinsic water-use efficiency and tree growth
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Efficient removal of pharmaceuticals from water using graphene nanoplatelets as adsorbent
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Data from: Variation of stomatal traits from cold-temperate to tropical forests and association with water use efficiency
1.Stomata control carbon and water vapor exchange between leaves and the atmosphere, thus it can influence water use efficiency and reflect plant adaptation to climate. However, the spatial patterns of leaf stomatal traits and relationships between stomatal trait and water use efficiency across natural communities remain unclear. 2.We measured stomatal density, stomatal size, and stomatal area fraction for 737 plant species from nine forests ranging from tropical to cold-temperate forests. 3.Stomatal density, stomatal size, and stomatal area fraction were all log-normally distributed, and different across species, plant functional groups (trees, shrubs, and herbs), and communities. At the regional scale, variation in stomatal traits was primarily related to species, followed by climate and soil types. 4.The community-weighted mean of stomatal size increased linearly with latitude, whereas those of stomatal density and stomatal area fraction showed humpbacked relationship. The community-weighted mean of stomatal area fraction was correlated with climatic aridity, consistent with the adaptation strategies of plant species to achieve high maximum rates of gas exchange in arid regions when water is available. Further, community-weighted mean of stomatal area fraction was positively correlated with water use efficiency in natural forest communities, indicating that plants have lower stomatal conductance in order to adapt greater aridity conditions. 5.These findings highlight the strong associations of stomatal traits with plant functional group and climate at a regional scale, representing the adaptation strategies of stomatal traits across natural forest communities to climate.
IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF INCREASING THE SYNERGIC EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF LAND AND WATER RESOURCES IN AGRICULTURE
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Toxicity Dataset for "Efficient solar disinfection (SODIS) using polypropylene based transparent jerrycans: An investigation into its effectiveness, viability, and water sample toxicity"
<p>Toxicity data including abosrbance and percentage viability obtainbed from research for three TJC Verison 1</p> <p> </p>
Verification of the accuracy of the recent 50 years of tree growth and long-term change in intrinsic water-use efficiency using xylem Δ14C and δ13C in trees in an aseasonal tropical rainforest
<p>Growth analysis based on tree-ring chronology is difficult in trees in aseasonal tropical rain forests, because annual growth rings may be unclear or completely absent. Fortunately, tree growth history recorded in xylem tissue is capable of providing valuable information on the responses of trees and forests to past and present environmental changes, including global warming.</p> <p>We have developed a new technique for aseasonal tropical forest trees which derives their growth rates from xylem Δ<sup>14</sup>C, and verified its accuracy. We also determined, from xylem δ<sup>13</sup>C, the intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) in the past 50 years. We analyzed changes in xylem Δ<sup>14</sup>C and δ<sup>13</sup>C in 23 canopy trees of 12 species in 6 families growing in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia; each stem diameter at breast height (DBH) was recorded 14 times from 1969 to 2011.</p> <p>We found a significant positive relationship between the growth rates determined by <sup>14</sup>C dating and the past DBH data. On the other hand, leaf-internal CO<sub>2</sub> (C<sub>i</sub>) content did not change with increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> (C<sub>a</sub>). Thus, the iWUE increased significantly over the last 50 years in all the families and species tested.</p> <p>This study showed that the simultaneous measurements of xylem Δ<sup>14</sup>C and δ<sup>13</sup>C could reveal a long-term change in tree growth and iWUE during the past 50 years with high accuracy in various species and/or individuals in aseasonal tropical rainforests exhibiting high species diversity.</p>
Data from: Variable mesophyll conductance among soybean cultivars sets a tradeoff between photosynthesis and water-use-efficiency
Photosynthetic efficiency is a critical determinant of crop yield potential, though it remains below the theoretical optimum in modern crop varieties. Enhancing mesophyll conductance, i.e. the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from substomatal cavities to the sites of carboxylation, may increase photosynthetic and water use efficiencies. To improve water-use-efficiency mesophyll conductance should be increased without concomitantly increasing stomatal conductance. Here we partition variance in mesophyll conductance to within and among cultivar components across soybeans grown under both controlled and field conditions, and examine the covariation of mesophyll conductance with photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water-use-efficiency and leaf mass per area. We demonstrate that mesophyll conductance varies more than 2-fold and that 38% of this variation is due to cultivar identity. As expected mesophyll conductance is positively correlated with photosynthetic rates. However, a strong positive correlation between mesophyll and stomatal conductance among cultivars apparently impedes positive scaling between mesophyll conductance and water-use-efficiency in soybean. Contrary to expectations, photosynthetic rates and mesophyll conductance both increased with increasing leaf mass per area. The presence of genetic variation for mesophyll conductance suggests there is potential to increase photosynthesis and mesophyll conductance by selecting for greater leaf mass per area. Increasing water-use-efficiency though, is unlikely unless there is simultaneous stabilizing selection on stomatal conductance.
Data from: Variable mesophyll conductance among soybean cultivars sets a tradeoff between photosynthesis and water-use-efficiency
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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