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57 results for “Wing polymorphism”
Fig. 32 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications
Fig. 32. Known distribution of the genus Satonius Endrödy-Younga, 1997.
Fig. 4 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications
Fig. 4. Jan Růžička collecting Satonius stysi sp. nov. at the Jade Dragon waterfall.
FIGURE 3 in A new discovery of a long-winged form of Mexican endemic grasshopper Melanotettix dibelonius Bruner, 1904 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) and notes on wing polymorphism and geographic distribution
FIGURE 3. Updated geographic distribution of Melanotettix dibelonius and its two morphotypes identified (red triangle = longwinged form; blue circle = short-winged form). Numbers beside the symbols indicate the locality number. *Asterisk denotes localities from which specimens were measured for the morphological analyses.
FIGURE 2 in A new discovery of a long-winged form of Mexican endemic grasshopper Melanotettix dibelonius Bruner, 1904 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) and notes on wing polymorphism and geographic distribution
FIGURE 2. Images of mounted individuals of Melanotettix dibelonius. A. Long-winged male lateral. B. Short-winged male lateral. C. Long-winged male dorsal. D. Short-winged male dorsal. E. Long-winged female lateral. F. Short-winged female lateral. G. Long-winged female dorsal. H. Short-winged female dorsal.
FIGURE 1 in A new discovery of a long-winged form of Mexican endemic grasshopper Melanotettix dibelonius Bruner, 1904 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) and notes on wing polymorphism and geographic distribution
FIGURE 1. Images of live individuals of Melanotettix dibelonius. A. Long-winged male. B. Short-winged female. C. Longwinged male (parasitized with acari). D. Short-winged male. E. Long-winged female. F. Short-winged male. Photos by SSU, BF & MEP.
FIGURES 3–4 in Two new species of Satonius Endrödy-Younga from China and notes on the wing polymorphism of S. kurosawai Satô (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae)
FIGURES 3–4. Habitat of Satonius fui sp. nov. 3—type locality, Dabie Shan; 4—detail of habitat with adults of S. fui sp. nov. Photos V. Grebennikov.
FIGURES 1–2 in Two new species of Satonius Endrödy-Younga from China and notes on the wing polymorphism of S. kurosawai Satô (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae)
FIGURES 1–2. Aedeagus and details of parameres of Satonius in lateral view. 1—S. fui sp. nov.; 2—S. jaechi sp. nov. Scales: a—aedeagus; b—detail of paramere.
FIGURES 5–6 in Two new species of Satonius Endrödy-Younga from China and notes on the wing polymorphism of S. kurosawai Satô (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae)
FIGURES 5–6. Habitats of Satonius jaechi sp. nov. at the type locality Wuyi Shan Mts. (Fujian). Photos F.-L. Jia.
FIGURES 8–9 in Two new species of Satonius Endrödy-Younga from China and notes on the wing polymorphism of S. kurosawai Satô (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae)
FIGURES 8–9. Habitus of Satonius kurosawai (Satô). 8—macropterous form; 9—micropterous form. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
Integrative taxonomic analysis to reveal the species status of Bombus flavidus, combining COI and nuclear sequencing, wing morphometrics and secretions used for mate attraction as well as patterns of color polymorphism
<p>Bumble bees, due to their morphological monotony and color diversity, have presented difficulties with species delimitation. Recent bumble bee declines have made it ever more imperative to resolve the status of species to address conservation concerns. Some of the taxa found to be most threatened are the often-rare socially parasitic bumble bees, which have additional trophic requirements. Among the socially parasitic bumble bees,<i> Bombus flavidus</i> Eversmann has contentious species status. While multiple separate species allied with <i>Bombus flavidus</i> have been suggested, until recently, recognition of two species, a Nearctic <i>Bombus fernaldae</i> (Franklin) and Palearctic <i>B. flavidus,</i> was favoured. Limited genetic data, however, suggested that even these could be a single widespread species, <i>B. flavidus</i>. We addressed the species status of this lineage using an integrative taxonomic approach, combining <i>COI</i> and nuclear sequencing, wing morphometrics and secretions used for mate attraction. We also explore patterns of color polymorphism that have previously confounded taxonomy in this lineage. Our results support the conspecific status of <i>Bombus fernaldae</i> and <i>Bombus flavidus,</i> however, sampling specimens from across the range of these two taxa revealed a distinct population within this broader species confined to eastern North America. This makes the distribution of the social parasite <i>B. flavidus</i> the broadest of any bumble bee, broader than the known distribution of any non-parasitic bumble bee species. Analysis of color phenotypes revealed that color polymorphisms are retained across the range of the species, but may be influenced by local mimicry complexes. Following these results, <i>Bombus flavidus</i> Eversmann, 1852<i> </i>is synonymized with <i>Bombus fernaldae </i>(Franklin, 1911) <b>syn. nov.</b> and a subspecific status, <i>Bombus flavidus </i><i>appalachiensis</i> <b>ssp. nov.</b>, is assigned to the distinct lineage ranging from the Appalachians to the eastern boreal regions of the United States and far southeastern Canada.</p>
FIGURES 8–12 in Wing polymorphism in Anaphothrips graminum (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
FIGURES 8–12. Anaphothrips graminum female microptera. (8–9) Antenna; (10) Head & pronotum; (11) Abdominal tergites VI–X; (12) Abdominal sternites IV–VII.
FIGURES 1–7 in Wing polymorphism in Anaphothrips graminum (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
FIGURES 1–7. Anaphothrips graminum. (1) Female microptera; (2) Female macroptera; (3) Male microptera. Meso & metanotum, female (4–5): (4) Microptera; (5) Macroptera. Male microptera (6–7): (6) Abdominal tergites VIII–X; (7) Abdominal sternites III– VIII.
Figure 6 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 6. Evolutionary relationships of Philaethria based on DNA sequences from specimens of Philaethria wernickei (southern population; Atlantic Rain Forest) and individuals previously described as Philaethria pygmalion (northern population; Amazon Forest), depicted by the green shading (grey in print version). Philaethria diatonica and Philaethria dido were used to root the tree. Purple (grey) circles represent individuals from the Atlantic Rain Forest and black triangles indicate samples from the Amazon Basin. A, consensus Bayesian tree based on mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase subunit I, Co-I) and nuclear [triose-phosphate isomerase (Tpi), wingless (Wg), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)] DNA sequences. Posterior probabilities are shown above branches. Bootstrap node support based on maximum likelihood analysis is indicated below branches. Asterisks indicate node support lower than 70%. B, Median-joining network based on mtDNA and nuclear loci sequence data describing the relationship between haplotypes (purple indicates southern population, and black, northern population). Nucleotide substitutions are shown on the branches as small transverse bars. Circle size is proportional to haplotype frequency.
Figure 2 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 2. Location of linear measurements (A) and schematic representation (B, C) of Philaethria wings showing veins and landmarks adopted in this study. A, hind wing dorsal and ventral (detail) views, showing measured vectors. B, fore wing. C, hind wing. See Appendix S2 for details on morphological definitions of landmarks.
Figure 4 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 4. Linear variation in hind wing size and medial postdiscal bands for Philaethria wernickei and Philaethria pygmalion (left column), and in relation to latitude when samples from the two species are combined (right column). A, D, hind wing length. B, E, hind wing length/postdiscal band ratio (AB/DE). C, F, inner and medial postdiscal band ratio (EF/DF). See Fig. 2A for details on wing position of corresponding measurements. Numbers above boxes indicate the number of specimens measured in each class.
Figure 1 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 1. Geographical distributions of Philaethria wernickei and Philaethria pygmalion, and corresponding variation in male genitalia ultrastructure and ventral hind wing colour. A, shaded areas show distribution ranges proposed by Constantino & Salazar (2010) for P. wernickei (green) and P. pygmalion (red); green circles and red triangles represent collection localities of the material analysed in this study. B, variation in valva's cucullus, external view. C, variation in the colour pattern of hind wing surface, ventral view.
Figure 3 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 3. Male genitalia of Philaethria wernickei and Philaethria pygmalion. A, P. wernickei, lateral view. B, P. pygmalion, lateral view. C, schematic representation of generalized genitalia for both, in lateral view. D, F, H, J, scanning electron micrographs of P. wernickei; E, G, I, K, scanning electron micrographs of P. pygmalion. D, E, ampulla external view. F, G, ampulla internal view. H, I, ampulla ornamentation in detail. J, K, fultura inferior distal end. Scale bars = 150, 30, and 100 μm, for D–G, H–I, and J–K, respectively.
Figure 8 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 8. STRUCTURE-based clustering of Philaethria wernickei individuals from low (0–10°S) to high (20–25°S) latitudes (north and south populations, respectively) based on amplified fragment length polymorphism loci. Each individual is represented by a vertical line divided into segments of different colour that represent genetic clusters (K) from 1–4.
Figure 7 in Species boundaries in Philaethria butterflies: an integrative taxonomic analysis based on genitalia ultrastructure, wing geometric morphometrics, DNA sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Figure 7. Multilocus consensus Bayesian tree based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (Co-I), triose-phosphate isomerase (Tpi), wingless (Wg), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) sequences from specimens of Philaethria wernickei (Atlantic Rain Forest, purple circles) and individuals previously described as Philaethria pygmalion (Amazon Forest, black triangles) depicted by the green shading (grey in print version). Philaethria pygmalion and Philaethria dido were used to root the tree. Posterior probabilities are shown above branches and bootstrap node support based on maximum likelihood analysis is indicated below branches. Asterisks indicate node support lower than 70%.
Figs. 1–4 in Flight Wing Polymorphisms in Elmidae and Dryopidae (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea)
Figs. 1–4. Flight wing shapes in Elmidae. 1) Apterous in Austrolimnius; 2) Micropterous in Cleptelmis; 3) Brachypterous in Heterelmis; 4) Macropterous in Optioservus.
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