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113 results for “Zingiber”
FIGURE 4. Zingiber ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense Ardiyani & Ardi. A. Habit. B. Leafy shoot and inflorescence. C in Zingiber ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense Ardiyani & Ardi (Zingiberaceae), a new subspecies from Sulawesi
FIGURE 4. Zingiber ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense Ardiyani & Ardi. A. Habit. B. Leafy shoot and inflorescence. C. Sheath, ligule, and petiole. D. Rhizomes and root tubers. E. Flower, front view. F. Flower enclosed by bract, lateral view. G. Bract. H. Bracteole. I. Calyx. J. Corolla lobes. K. Labellum. L. Corolla tube, stamen and stigma. M. Ovary and epigynous glands. N. Ovary, cross section. A from Wisnu Ardi WI 156; B from Wisnu Ardi WI 168 (Photos: W.H. Ardi).
FIGURE 1 in Zingiber ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense Ardiyani & Ardi (Zingiberaceae), a new subspecies from Sulawesi
FIGURE 1. The distribution of Z. ultralimitale subsp. ultralimitale (■) and Z. ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense (●)
FIGURE 3 in Zingiber ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense Ardiyani & Ardi (Zingiberaceae), a new subspecies from Sulawesi
FIGURE 3. Pollen of Z. ultralimitale subsp. ultralimitale and Z. ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense (W.H. Ardi WI 168). A. SEM of Z. ultralimitale subsp. matarombeoense made by Yuni Apriyanti.. B. SEM of Z. ultralimitale made by Zhou Pu (permission granted from Zhou Pu and the Garden's Bulletin Singapore).
Zingiber officianale decontaminated gx
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FIGURE 2. Zingiber inodorum. A in Zingiber inodorum (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), a new species of Z. sect. Cryptanthium from Hainan, China
FIGURE 2. Zingiber inodorum. A. Inflorescences and flowers (apical view: a; side view: s). B. Single flower within its bract (a) with dissection showing flower parts: bract (b), bracteole (c), calyx (d, broken laterally), dorsal corolla lobe (e), two lateral corolla lobes (f & g), labellum with lateral staminodes basally adnate (h), upper part of floral tube with stamen and stigma (i, adaxial view), ovary with two epigynous glands (j). C. A dehisced fruit with seeds. E. A dehisced fruit showing the shiny scarlet valves. E. Seeds almost totally covered by white arils and a seed with aril removed. A & B are based on Q.L. Wang 20230809012, C–E are based on Q.L. Wang 20240117002. Photos: Q.L. Wang.
FIGURE 1. Zingiber inodorum. A–B in Zingiber inodorum (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), a new species of Z. sect. Cryptanthium from Hainan, China
FIGURE 1. Zingiber inodorum. A–B. Habit, showing that leafy shoots form small clumps and each leafy shoot often supports only 4–7 laminae. C. A plant showing the lamina shape, long petiole (lower left) and densely pubescent ligules (lower middle and right). D. An inflorescence that is half immersed in soil, with a flower beginning to wither (photographed at 10 am). E. Rhizomes, showing that the rhizome units are not aligned in a single plane (each rhizome unit appears in a lateral position relative to its antecedent rhizome unit), internal colour of rhizome (upper right) and internal colour of root tuber (lower right). D is based on Q.L. Wang 20230809012, A–C & E are based on Q.L. Wang 20240117002. Photos: A–D by Q.L. Wang, E by L. Bai.
FIGURE 13 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 13. Clumping habit of representative Zingiber species. A. Z. purpureum Roscoe, showing that leafy shoots form a dense tuft and the leaf distiches of all the shoots are almost parallel to each other. Rhizomes of this species are densely branched, with short and thick rhizome units that are arranged in a vertical plane (see Fig. 10A). B. Z. montanum, showing that leafy shoots form dense tuft (inset), but can also appear as just with two to three leafy shoots. Leaf distiches are not parallel. Rhizomes of this species are densely branched, with short and thick rhizome units that are transverse to each other (see Fig. 12A). C. Z. striolatum, showing that leafy shoots form dense tuft and the leaf distiches are almost parallel to each other. Rhizome units of this species are moderately elongated, densely ramified and form a vertical plane (see Fig. 8B). D. Z. yunnanense, leafy shoots form large open colony, but young plant may also appear as a few leafy shoots (inset). Rhizome units of this species are long and plagiotropic and there are often only a few active buds aggregated at the apex (see Fig. 8C). E. Z. fallax, showing that leafy shoots may form a loose clump, but more often appear as nearly solitary with just one to two shoots (inset). Rhizomes units in this species are short or sometimes with moderately elongated pseudo-neck, and each rhizome unit has 1–3 active buds (see Fig. 6). Photos: B by Yi Hua Tong, others by Lin Bai.
FIGURE 12 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 12. Multi-planar rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. and Alpinia sp. A. Z. montanum (top view): Green bars on abscission scars of the rhizome units indicate the direction of leaf distichy of those units. These bars show that leaf distichy of a rhizome unit is perpendicular to its antecedent rhizome unit and its daughter rhizome units. Compare with Fig. 4E. Upper left inset: renewal buds (blue arrows) produced in lateral positions relative to the antecedent rhizome unit; lower left inset: prophyll (green arrow) of new bud located in abaxial position (this bud is at the apex of rhizome unit, i.e. the base of aerial stem); right inset: the scale (green arrow) on the third node of bud N and the bud from the second node (blue arrow) of the bud N are position at the lateral position of bud N. B. Alpinia sp, with an extravaginal young bud (top view, note that the first scale (a) is adaxial in relation to its associated scale (asl), while the second scale (b) has rotated about 45 degree, and the third scale onwards (c–f) are in lateral positions. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 10 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 10. Rhizome sections of representative species of Zingiber, showing internal colour variation. A. Z. purpureum Roscoe (bright yellow). B. Z. officinale Roscoe, a cultivar called "feng jiang (Ṃƃ)". Rhizomes are yellow or with different shades of purple. C. Z. ventricosum Bai et al. (cream). D. Z. viridescens Chen et al. (cream white when young, turning pale bluish to pale purple with age). E. Z. kerrii Craib (beige but pink at upper part of rhizome unit). F. Z. lingyunense D.Fang (varies from beige to peach coloured to purple to dark purple). Bar=1 cm for B–F. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 5. Zingiber leptorrhizum D.Fang, a in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 5. Zingiber leptorrhizum D.Fang, a heteromodular species of Z. sect. Cryptanthium. A. A rhizome fragment showing three rhizome units with pseudo-neck of varying length. B–D. Rhizome fragments showing the sympodial growth (the apical meristem of each rhizome unit is determinate and its growth ceases with either an inflorescence or a vegetative shoot before the axillary buds mature). Scale bars=5 cm for A–D. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 1 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 1. Diagram showing the sympodial rhizomatous growth and rhizome of Zingiber. A. Isomodular growth seen in Z. sect. Dymczewiczia, based on Leong-Škorničková et al. (2015: Fig. 3), showing one sterile module (blue), two modules with apical inflorescences (yellow and pale brown), and an older rhizome unit where the aerial shoot has shed (dark brown on the right). B. Heteromodular growth seen in Z. sect. Zingiber, showing two solely vegetative modules (blue and pale brown) and one erect, solely flowering module (yellow). C. A rhizome with four mature rhizome units: two older ones (dark brown and pale brown) showing abscission scars (as), and two younger ones (yellow) showing base of the aerial shoots that possess transitional leaves (tl). Also shown are numerous buds (b) of different ages (more mature one in blue and younger ones in green). The nodes on rhizome units are identified by presence of scales (sl) or by scale scars (ss). Note: scales (sl) appear as two split lobes lateral to their subtending buds, as is often the case in reality. Drawn by Ding Han Cui.
FIGURE 4 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 4. Zingiber viridescens Chen et al., a heteromodular species of Z. sect. Cryptanthium. A. Plant habit, showing two very short flowering shoots and one long vegetative shoot. B. A rhizome fragment, with arrows showing the types and relationships of rhizome units (green for vegetative rhizome units, red for flowering rhizome units, white for buds of unknown fate; inset: the same rhizome fragment with flowering shoots and the base of vegetative shoot attached). C. Rhizome (side view) with arrows showing the types and relationships of rhizome units (green for vegetative rhizome units, red for flowering rhizome units, white for buds of unknown fate). D. An older rhizome (side view), showing a mixture of vegetative rhizome units, flowering rhizome units (which can be generally distinguished by their much smaller size, some being marked with red arrows) and numerous buds of unknown fate; E. Rhizome (top view of D), showing closely packed rhizome units aligned in an approximate coplanar fashion (but because of the congestion, several rhizome units are slightly displaced); Green bars on abscission scars of the rhizome units indicate the direction of leaf distichy of those units. These bars show that leaf distichy of all rhizome unit are approximately in a plane (approximately in a line from apical view). Compare with Fig. 12A. Scale bars = 1 cm for B–E. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 8 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 8. Rhizomes of representative Zingiber species, showing rhizome units of various size and branching density. A. Z. atrorubens Gagnep., a compact rhizome with short and thick rhizome units. B. Z. striolatum Diels, a rhizome with relatively long, thin, and densely ramified rhizome units, which can also been described as compact. C. Z. yunnanense S.Q.Tong & X.Z.Liu, a typical running rhizome with long and thin rhizome units. D. Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., a rhizome formed by short, thick and sparingly ramified rhizome units over several years' growth. E & F. Z. orbiculatum S.Q.Tong (E) & Z. ventricosum L.Bai et al. (F), rhizomes that are somewhat intermediate between compact and running. Scale bars = 1 cm. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 3. Zingiber officinale Roscoe, a in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 3. Zingiber officinale Roscoe, a heteromodular species of Z. sect. Zingiber. A–C. A common cultivar in Guangzhou used as flavoring agents, called 'xiao huang jiang (小Ħƃ)': A. Plant, showing that the flowering shoots are much shorter than the vegetative shoots, and flowering rhizome unit (red arrow) is slightly smaller than the vegetative rhizome units (green arrows); white arrows indicates buds of unknown fate (also see transitional leaves at apex of buds a and b); also showing rhizome units and leaf distichy of aerial shoots all aligned in a vertical coplane. B. The orientation of rhizome units alters when the rhizome was laid horizontally when planted, rather than vertically as it occurs in nature (insertion: renewal bud (rb) bursting through its subtending scale, which is split into two lateral lobes (s)). C. A rhizome composed of rhizome units of different "generations" and buds of different ages and sizes (c represents a mature rhizome unit which has truncated apex while d represents a bud with obtuse apical meristem). D. A cultivar called 'bai rou jiang (白Ṁƃ)', which is commonly seen in Guangzhou markets and used as a flavoring agent. E. A cultivar called 'feng jiang (Ṃƃ)' that is used mainly for medical purposes in Yangshan, China. Mature rhizome units are indicated by yellow arrows and buds by white arrows. Note that the rhizome is in a vertical plane except that rhizome unit f is slightly displaced behind rhizome unit e because the rhizome is so compact. F. Elongated rhizome units of 'zai jiang (仔ƃ)'. Scale bars = 5 cm. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 2 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 2. Zingiber ellipticum (S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia) Q.G.Wu & T.L.Wu, an isomodular species from Z. sect. Pleuranthesis. A. Plant, showing three aerial shoots of about the same size, with two sterile shoots and one bearing leaves and an apical inflorescence that penetrates the long leaf sheaths surrounding it. B. Rhizome of the plant showing in A, showing that the rhizome units are of approximate equal size and each rhizome unit often only produces one daughter rhizome unit at its abaxial position. C. Rhizome of another indvidual, inset showing abcission scars (as) of two older rhizome units. Rhizome units are indicated by curved yellow arrows, also showing that the base of aerial shoots (around the abscission zone) are more or less swollen (blue arrow). Scale bars = 10 cm. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 6 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 6. Rhizomes of Zingiber fallax (Loes.) Bai et al, a heteromodular species of Z. sect. Cryptanthium. A–E. The rhizomes are composed mainly of vegetative rhizome units (indicated by green arrows running along individual units), while the flowering rhizome units are extremely reduced in size (only a few noticeable ones are indicated by red arrows and some of the buds are indicated by white arrows). Notice that in this species there is large variation in the length of the pseudo-neck. If only a rhizome fragment from close to the vegetative shoot in A is examined, the rhizome could be misinterpreted as only comprising squat rhizome units. F–G. A very short flowering rhizome unit with one small lateral bud (yellow arrow). Scale bars = 5 cm. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 7 in A preliminary study of the morphological variation of rhizomes in Zingiber Mill. and its role in taxonomy
FIGURE 7. Rhizomes of representative species of Zingiber, showing different shapes of rhizome units. A. Zingiber tenuifolium L.Bai et al. (vegetative rhizome units broadly cylindrical to broadly obovoid, base and apex slightly narrowed, flowering rhizome units similar in shape and slightly smaller). B. Presumed hybrid between Z. densissimum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia and Z. yunnanense S.Q.Tong & X.Z.Liu, showing vegetative rhizome units comprise a cylindrical pseudo-neck and an obovoid head, flowering rhizome units thinner, cylindrical or narrowly obovoid. C & D. Z. tuanjuum Z.Y.Zhu (two populations, vegetative rhizome units comprise a short- or long-cylindrical pseudoneck and a broadly obconical or broadly obovoid head, flowering rhizome unit thinner, cylindrical); also show that flowering rhizome unit (a) further produce daughter flowering rhizome unit (b) and that the base of aerial shoots (around the abscission zone) are swollen and semi-transparent (blue arrow). E. Z. integrilabrum Hance (vegetative rhizome units comprise a long-cylindrical pseudo-neck and an obovoid head, flowering rhizome units long-cylindrical). Flowering rhizome units that can be identified with certainty in A–E are marked with red arrows. Some root tubers are marked with green arrows. Scale bars = 1 cm. Photos: Lin Bai.
FIGURE 2. Zingiber mizoramensis. A. habit. B. leaf. C. ligule. D in Two new Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) species from Northeast India
FIGURE 2. Zingiber mizoramensis. A. habit. B. leaf. C. ligule. D. portion of plant with rhizome and inflorescence. E. bract. F. bracteole. G. flower. H. calyx. I. dorsal lobe of corolla. J. lateral lobes of corolla. K. labellum. L. stamen with crest. M. stigma. N. cross-section of ovary (Photo credit: S.K. Singh & Ramesh Kumar).
FIGURE 1. Zingiber murlenica. A in Two new Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) species from Northeast India
FIGURE 1. Zingiber murlenica. A. plant in habitat. B. Leaf. C. ligule. D. portion of plant with rhizome and inflorescence. E. inflorescence. F. bract. G. bracteole. H. flower with bracteole. I. calyx with ovary. J. dorsal lobe of corolla. K. lateral lobes of corolla. L. labellum. M. stamen with crest. N. cross-section of ovary (Photo credit: S.K. Singh & Ramesh Kumar).
FIGURE 3. Zingiber cardiocheilum. A. Habit. B in Nine new Zingiber species (Zingiberaceae) from Vietnam
FIGURE 3. Zingiber cardiocheilum. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence (in natural hanging down position) with detail of flowers in side view. C. Rhizome (scale in cm). D. Flower (front view). E. Detail of ligules (scale bar in mm). F. Dissection (from left): floral tube with ovary, calyx and anther (front view; image rotated 180°), dorsal and lateral corolla lobes, labellum with lateral staminodes, (scale bar in mm). G. Detail of anther (front view), ovary and epigynous glands (scale bar in mm). Photo: Jana Leong-Škorničková.
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