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113 results for “adult survival”
Breeding season forest fragment size does not create negative carry-over for adult Wood Thrushes on fall migration timing or apparent annual survival
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Avian botulism is a primary, year-round threat to adult survival in the endangered Hawaiian Duck (Anas wyvilliana) on Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i, USA
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Novel code for: Synchrony in adult survival is remarkably strong among common temperate songbirds across France
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Plastic responses of survival and fertility following heat stress in pupal and adult Drosophila virilis
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Data from: Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
<p>Climate seasonality is a predominant constraint on the lifecycles of species in alpine and polar biomes. Assessing the response of these species to climate change thus requires taking into account seasonal constraints on populations. However interactions between seasonality, weather fluctuations, and population parameters remain poorly explored as they require long-term studies with high sampling frequency. This study investigated the influence of environmental covariates on the demography of a corvid species, the alpine chough Pyrrhocorax graculus, in the highly seasonal environment of the Mont Blanc region. In two steps, we estimated: 1) the seasonal survival of categories of individuals based on their age, sex, etc., 2) the effect of environmental covariates on seasonal survival. We hypothesized that the cold season – and more specifically, the end of the cold season (spring) – would be a critical period for individuals, and we expected that weather and individual covariates would influence survival variation during critical periods. We found that while spring was a critical season for adult female survival, it was not for males. This is likely because females are dominated by males at feeding sites during snowy seasons (winter and spring), and additionally must invest energy in egg production. When conditions were not favourable, which seemed to happen when the cold season was warmer than usual, females probably reached their physiological limits. Surprisingly, adult survival was higher at the beginning of the cold season than in summer, which may result from adaptation to harsh weather in alpine and polar vertebrates. This hypothesis could be confirmed by testing it with larger sets of populations. This first seasonal analysis of individual survival over the full life cycle in a sedentary alpine bird shows that including seasonality in demographic investigations is crucial to better understand the potential impacts of climate change on cold ecosystems.</p>
Increasing adult density compromises survival following bacterial infections in Drosophila melanogaster
<p>The density-dependent prophylaxis hypothesis predicts that risk of pathogen transmission increases with increase in population density, and in response to this, organisms mount a prophylactic immune response when exposed to high density. This prophylactic response is expected to help organisms improve their chances of survival when exposed to pathogens. Alternatively, organisms living at high densities can exhibit compromised defense against pathogens due to lack of resources and density associated physiological stress; the crowding stress hypothesis. We housed adult Drosophila melanogaster flies at different densities and measured the effect this has on their post-infection survival and resistance to starvation. We find that flies housed at higher densities show greater mortality after being infected with bacterial pathogens, while also exhibiting increased resistance to starvation. Our results are more in line with the density-stress hypothesis that postulates a compromised immune system when hosts are subjected to high densities.</p>
Figure 1 in Survival of entomopathogenic nematodes in oil emulsions and control effectiveness on adult engorged ticks (Acari: Ixodida)
Figure 1: Survival of IJs in five vegetable oil emulsions at concentration of 13%.
Consistent apparent adult survival and nest-site fidelity of Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) near Churchill, Manitoba, Canada over a 40-year period
<p>Reliable estimates of adult survival for many shorebird species are lacking. We used Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) methods to provide an estimate of apparent, or local, survival (φ) of a population of Whimbrels, <em>Numenius phaeopus</em>, breeding in the subarctic Churchill, Manitoba region. We used data collected in two time periods: 1973–1976 and 2010–2014. We also quantified nest-site fidelity in 2010–2014 to provide context to our apparent survival estimates because mark-recapture analyses cannot distinguish between mortality and permanent emigration. The most parsimonious CJS model did not include effects of sex or time on apparent adult survival in either period (φ = 0.76 ± 0.13 SE; φ = 0.75 ± 0.04 SE, 1973 – 1976 and 2010 – 2014, respectively). Additionally, observations of marked Whimbrels between 2010 and 2019 (n = 124) showed that 61 of the 105 marked individuals (58.1%) were resighted. These estimates of return rates are, as expected, much lower than estimates of apparent survival. The median year-to-year distance between nests (n = 139) from 2010 to 2014 was 198 ± 88 m SE and did not differ significantly (<em>p</em> = 0.84) between females (<em>x</em> ̅ = 721.9 ± 119.8 m SE) and males (<em>x</em> ̅ = 720.3 ± 83.1 m SE). If our apparent survival estimate is indicative of true survivorship, then adult mortality during the nonbreeding season has remained constant over the last five decades, implying that the recent decline in Whimbrel populations may stem largely from reduced fecundity, including egg or juvenile survival, rather than primarily from reduced adult survival.</p>
Data from: Climate change consequences for differential adult survival and the mating system of a temperate breeding shorebird
<p>Managing for the effects of climate change on species whose populations are currently imperiled requires detailed knowledge of the relationship between their demographic rates and climate variables. We sought this information for the West Coast breeding population of snowy plover (<em>Charadrius nivosus</em>), which was federally listed as threatened in 1993 due to substantial declines in the numbers of plovers breeding along the coast and in the number of sites occupied for breeding. Snowy plovers employ a serially polygamous breeding system in which the male typically tends chicks to independence. This unusual breeding system is favored by male-biased sex ratios in local populations. As part of a multi-species study of the effect of climate change on population growth, we used mark-capture models to examine climate drivers of adult survival for 1,219 snowy plovers banded at Monterey Bay over 38 years and known to overwinter on the surrounding north-central California outer coast. Non-climate variables, including sex and unmeasured annual mortality risks (e.g., predator abundance) were the primary factors affecting adult survival. However, there is evidence that cold weather, particularly extended cold snaps with daily low temperatures below 2˚C and daily high temperatures below 10˚C, decreases overwinter survival. Exceptionally cold winters had a particularly strong effect on adult female plovers, contributing to the male-biased adult sex ratios. Future winter climate on the north-central California coast is projected to be generally warmer with fewer and shorter cold snaps. Reduced mortality from cold winter weather may mitigate other threats faced by plovers, such as anthropogenically enhanced predator populations, habitat loss, and accelerated sea level rise, while altering the adult sex ratio and potentially shifting the evolutionary landscape maintaining the plover's unusual breeding system.</p>
Survival and cause-specific mortality in adult females of a northern migratory ungulate
<p>Survival of ungulates can vary seasonally due to changing environmental conditions, e.g., weather or predation pressure. The wild forest reindeer (<em>Rangifer tarandus fennicus</em>, 'WFR') migrate between calving and wintering grounds. The annual cycle of female WFR includes four main seasons (wintering, calving, rutting and autumn migration) during which they are subject to different conditions, but almost nothing is known about their survival or mortality patterns. We measured survival in 305 GPS-tagged female WFR in two subpopulations in Finland (2010–2022). Data were analysed for inter-annual and seasonal patterns in survival and cause-specific mortality (predation, traffic, accidents and unknown causes) with known-fate models. Inter-annual survival in Suomenselkä (mean 0.90) showed an increasing trend during the study and was higher than in Kainuu (mean 0.84) which showed a declining trend. Seasonal variation in survival was population dependent. Survival was lowest in Kainuu during the winter while in Suomenselkä, it was lowest during autumn migration. Concerning cause-specific mortality, seasonal variation mirrored variation in predation that was the primary cause of mortality (55% of cases). Wolves (<em>Canis lupus</em>) killed the majority of predated individuals (58%). Predation rates were two times higher in Kainuu where the wolf density was higher. We provide the first adult survival estimates for WFR and show that the seasonal variation in survival is clearly different between these two northern ungulate populations. This indicates that seasonal variation in survival is determined by site-dependent factors and cannot be generalised across populations.<span class="x_ContentPasted0"> </span></p>
A Study on the Impact of a New Canton-Wide First Responder System in Zug, Switzerland, on Survival After Adult Cardiac Arrest-Examining Early Life-Saving Organized Help, Fast Defibrillation, and Impro
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07323667. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Evaluate the Hematological Remission Rates and Survival Among Chinese Adult Patients With B-precursor ALL
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03123887. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 11.
Poor developmental conditions decrease adult body size and egg size, but not egg laying rate and survival throughout adulthood: A long-term experiment in a precocial bird
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Artificial selection for adult predation survival impacts life-history and morphology in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
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Differences in adult survival drive divergent demographic responses to warming on the Tibetan Plateau
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Increasing adult density compromises survival following bacterial infections in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
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Metabolic rate is negatively linked to adult survival but does not explain latitudinal differences in songbirds
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Data from: Climate change consequences for differential adult survival and the mating system of a temperate breeding shorebird
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Data from: Apparent annual survival of adult <em>Vermivora chrysoptera</em> (Golden-winged Warbler) does not differ by sex or region
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.