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117 results for “antibacterial activity”
Table 1 in Phytochemical characterization, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the hydroethanolic extract of Anadenanthera peregrina stem bark
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Phytochemical prospecting of the main secondary metabolite groups of the hydroethanolic extract of <i>A. peregrina</i> stem bark.</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Secondary metabolite</b></th><th><b>Hydroethanolic extract of A. peregrina</b></th></tr><tr><th><b>Cardiac glycosides</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Kedd reagent test</th><td>++</td></tr><tr><th>Keller–Kiliani reagent test</th><td>++</td></tr><tr><th>Baljet reagent test</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th>Raymond–Marthoud reagent test</th><td>+++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Alkaloids</b></th></tr><tr><th>Libermann–Bouchardat reagent test</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th>Wagner reagent test</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th>Mayer’s reagent test</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th><b>Organic acids</b></th></tr><tr><th>Pascová reagent test</th><td>++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Reducing sugars</b></th></tr><tr><th>Fehling reagent test</th><td>++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Non-reducing sugars</b></th></tr><tr><th>Fehling + HCl test</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th><b>Coumarins</b></th></tr><tr><th>UV light 254 and 365 nm</th><td>+</td></tr><tr><th><b>Saponins</b></th></tr><tr><th>Foamy</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th>Haemolytic</th><td>+++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Polysaccharides</b></th></tr><tr><th>Reactive lugol</th><td>-</td></tr><tr><th><b>Phenols</b></th></tr><tr><th>FeCl 3 <b>Tannins</b></th><td>+++</td></tr><tr><th>FeCl3 <b>Flavonoids</b></th><td>Gr</td></tr><tr><th>Pb(C2 H 3O2)2</th><td>++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Purines</b></th><td><b>-</b></td></tr><tr><th><b>Catechins</b></th><td>+++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Benzoquinone derivatives</b></th><td>+++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Depsids and depsidones</b></th><td>+++</td></tr><tr><th><b>Steroids and triterpenoids</b></th><td><b>-</b></td></tr><tr><th><b>Sesquiterpenolactones</b></th><td>-</td></tr></tbody></table>
Different sources of natural products from the (a) bacterial, (b) archaeal, (c) fungal, (d) protozoan, (e) chromistan, (f) plant and (g) animal kingdoms, the rationale(s) for screening them for antibacterial activity, and associated advantages and disadvantages
<p>This table of information is from the review article 'Bioprospecting for Antibacterial drugs: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Natural Product Source Material, Bioassay Selection and Avoidable Pitfalls' (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1</a>).</p>
Drosophila survival after infection and Buletin antibacterial activity data
<p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key players in innate defence against infection in plants and animals. In <em>Drosophila</em>, many host defence peptides are produced downstream of the Toll and Imd NF-κB pathways. Use of single and compound AMP mutations in <em>Drosophila</em> has revealed that AMPs can additively or synergistically contribute to combat pathogens in vivo. However, these studies also revealed a high degree of specificity, wherein just one AMP can play a major role in combatting a specific pathogen. We recently uncovered a specific importance of the antibacterial peptide <em>Drosocin</em> for defence against <em>Enterobacter</em> <em>cloacae</em>. Here, we show that the <em>Drosocin</em> locus (<em>CG10816</em>) is more complex than previously described. In addition to its namesake peptide "Drosocin", it encodes a second peptide generated from a precursor via furin cleavage. We name this peptide "Buletin", and show that it corresponds to the uncharacterized "Immune-induced Molecule 7" previously identified by MALDI-TOF. The existence of a naturally occurring polymorphism (Thr52Ala) in the <em>CG10816</em> precursor protein masked the identification of this peptide previously. Using mutations differently affecting the production of these two <em>CG10816</em> gene products, we show that Drosocin, but not Buletin, contributes to the <em>CG10816</em>-mediated defence against E. cloacae. Strikingly, we observed that Buletin, but not Drosocin, contributes to the <em>CG10816</em>-mediated defence against Providencia burhodogranariea. Moreover, the Thr52Ala polymorphism in Buletin affects survival to <em>P. burhodogranariea</em>, wherein the Alanine allele confers better defence than the Threonine allele. However, we found no activity of Buletin against either <em>P. burhodogranariea</em> or <em>E. coli</em> in vitro. Collectively, our study reveals that<em> CG10816</em> encodes not one but two prominent host defence peptides with different specificity against different pathogens. This finding emphasizes the complexity of the <em>Drosophila</em> humoral response consisting of multiple host defence peptides with specific activities, and demonstrates how natural polymorphisms found in <em>Drosophila</em> populations can affect host susceptibility.</p>
Bacterial mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial and antifungal activities against drug-resistant pathogens
<p>In the healthcare sector, the production of bioactive silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial properties is of great importance. In this study, a novel bacterial strain, <em>Paenibacillus</em> sp. MAHUQ-63, was identified as a potential candidate for facile and rapid biosynthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were used to control the growth of human pathogens, <em>Salmonella</em> Enteritidis and <em>Candida</em> <em>albicans</em>. The bacterial culture supernatant was utilized to synthesize the nanoparticles. FE-TEM examination showed spherical-shaped nanoparticles with 15 to 55 nm in size. FTIR analysis identified various functional groups. The synthesized AgNPs demonstrated remarkable activity against <em>S</em>. Enteritidis and <em>C. albicans</em>. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) for 100 µL (0.5 mg/mL) of AgNPs against <em>S</em>. Enteritidis and <em>Candida</em> <em>albicans</em> were 18.0 ± 1.0 and 19.5 ± 1.3 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 25.0 and 12.5 μg/mL against <em>S</em>. Enteritidis and <em>Candida albicans</em>, respectively. Additionally, the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were 25.0 μg/mL against both pathogenic microbes. The FE-SEM analysis showed that the treatment of AgNPs caused morphological and structural damage to both <em>S</em>. Enteritidis and <em>Candida albicans</em>. Therefore, these AgNPs can be used as a new and effective antimicrobial agent.</p>
Data from: Antibacterial activity of graphene oxide nanosheet against multi drug resistant superbugs isolated from infected patients
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Bacterial mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial and antifungal activities against drug-resistant pathogens
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Drosophila survival after infection and Buletin antibacterial activity data
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Improved antibacterial activity of hemp fibres by covalent grafting of quaternary ammonium groups
<p><span><span>In this study, novel antibacterial hemp fibres grafted with </span></span>quaternary<span><span> ammonium groups, named HF-GTA, were prepared by alkalisation, oxidation, amination, and quaternisation multistage reactions. The chemical structure and micromorphology of the fibres were characterised by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The grafting and reaction mechanisms were proved to be successful, which indicated that the grafting reaction primarily occurred on the </span></span>hydroxyl <span><span>groups of cellulose and hemicellulose in the hemp fibres, where they retained good fibrous morphology, thermal stability and hygroscopicity. The antibacterial activity of HF-GTA exhibited the best antibacterial activity, where the antibacterial ratios against <i><span>E. coli </span></i>and <i><span>S. aureus</span></i> were 95.41% and 99.64%, respectively. <span>E</span><span>ven </span><span>a</span><span>fter 30 times of washing</span><span>, </span><span>the antibacterial activity </span><span>wa</span><span>s</span><span> retained</span><span> at </span><span>89.78% and 91.12%</span><span>,</span><span> indicating that HF-GTA </span><span>wa</span><span>s</span><span> endowed with good washing resistance. </span>The antibacterial mechanism occurred because the electrostatic reaction reduced the electrochemical potential on the cell membrane, leading to the release of cytoplasmic substances and the dissolution of cells, thereby producing antibacterial activity. It would be significantly important to guarantee textile quality and prevent disease transmission. </span></span></p>
Inhibition mechanism and antibacterial activity of natural antibacterial agent citral on bamboo mold and its anti- mildew effect on bamboo
<p><span><span>Bamboo, a natural material, has been widely used in the fields of decoration, architecture and furniture. However, bamboo is easy to mildew and lose its use value. In this paper, inhibition mechanism and antibacterial activity of natural antibacterial agent citral on bamboo mold and its anti- mildew effect on bamboo were studied. The results showed that citral could change the shape of mycelium, destroy the integrity of mycelium structure, cell wall, and cell membrane structure, thereby causing leakage of nucleic acid, protein, and other substances in the cell, as well as destroy the pH balance of the inside and outside of the cell, to inhibit or kill mold. When the concentration of citral is 100mg/mL, the antibacterial rates of citral against <i>Penicillium citrinum </i>(PC), <i>Trichoderma viride</i> (TV), <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (AN) and a hybrid fungi group comprising PC, TV, and AN (Hun) were more than 100%. However, compared with the direct effect of citral on mold, the antibacterial property of bamboo treated with citral was significantly reduced, the mildew proof effect can be achieved only if the concentration of citral to treat bamboo is increased to more than 2 times of the concentration of citral directly acting on mold.</span></span></p>
Data from: Spatial and seasonal influences on culturable endophytic mycobiota associated with different tissues of Eugenia jambolana Lam. and their antibacterial activity against MDR strains
Background: Present study focuses on diversity and distribution analysis of endophytic fungi associated with different tissues of Eugenia jambolana. The influence of season and geographical location on diversity and distribution of endophytic fungi has been analyzed. Antibacterial activity of isolated fungal species has also been investigated against MDR bacterial strains. Result: A total of 1896 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from healthy, surface sterilized tissues of leaf, stem and petiole tissues during summer, monsoon and winter season. Out of 24 fungal species isolated, 20 species belong to class Ascomycetes, 2 to Basidiomycetes and 2 to Zygomycetes. Maximum species diversity was in rainy season whereas colonization frequency was in winter. All the diversity indices showed maximum species diversity at site 5 (Yamunanager), rainy among the seasons and leaf among the tissues studied. Aspergillus genus was most frequently isolated. Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternata were most dominant species. Three way ANOVA results showed that effect of season was highly significant on species diversity in relation to sites and tissues. 60% endophytic fungal extracts showed significant antibacterial activity against one or more than one MDR bacterial strain. Conclusion: Different fungal species were recovered from different sites but the inter-site comparisons were not significant according to Jaccard similarity coefficient. Diversity of such fungal endophytes indicates that Eugenia jambolana plant acts as an ecosystem facilitating survival of many microbes with impressive antibacterial potential.
DATASET for the article "Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Polymerizable Acryloyloxyalkyltriethyl Ammonium Salts"
<p>The files contains:</p> <p>- A visual description of the experiments performed for the synthesis of a representative polymerizable surfactant (acryloyloxyundecyltriethylammonium bromide, AUTEAB), reported in the paper published in ChemPlusChem 2017, 82, 1235-1244 (in PDF format);</p> <p>- The raw data obtained in the assessment of the biological activity of the polymerizable surfactants synthesized in the paper published in ChemPlusChem 2017, 82, 1235-1244 (in Excel format)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data described in the article "Design and evaluation of composite films for in situ synthesis and antibacterial activity of allicin vapour"
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Fig. 5 in In-vitro antioxidative potential of different fractions from Prunus dulcis seeds: Vis a vis antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of active compounds
Fig. 5. Anti-proliferative effect of isolated compounds and standard adriamycin at different concentrations. Growth between 0% and 50% indicated a cytostatic effect, while growth <0% indicated a cytocidal effect. (a) Percent control growth for MCF-7 cell line and (b) percent control growth for MDA-MB-468.
Fig. 2 in In-vitro antioxidative potential of different fractions from Prunus dulcis seeds: Vis a vis antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of active compounds
Fig. 2. Percentage scavenging activities of different fractions of P. dulcis at different concentrations. (a) DPPH radical scavenging activity, (b) Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide, (c) Percentage iron chelation, (d) Superoxide radical scavenging activity and (e) Reducing power of different fractions of P. dulcis (in %) at different concentrations. Each value represents as mean ± SD (n = 3). HF, hexane fraction; EF, ethyl acetate fraction; BF, butanol fraction; AqF, aqueous fraction. SD, standard deviation.
Fig. 1 in In-vitro antioxidative potential of different fractions from Prunus dulcis seeds: Vis a vis antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of active compounds
Fig. 1. Flow diagram of extraction of P. dulcis seeds and isolation of components from ethyl acetate fraction through different chromatography.
Fig. 3. 4 in Undescribed polyether ionophores from Streptomyces cacaoi and their antibacterial and antiproliferative activities
Fig. 3. 4 treatment results in proteasome inhibition and ER stress. A) Proteasomal activity was determined via Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr AMC. 1 μM Mg132 was used as a proteasome inhibitor. Reported values were normalized to cells treated with vehicle. Error bars represent standard deviation. p-values were calculated with respect to the vehicle-treated cells (****p <0.0001). B) The level of K48-linked ubiquitinated proteins was determined by IB. C) After cells were treated with 4 or vehicle for 24 h, soluble and insoluble protein fractions were prepared, then the levels of K48-linked ubiquitinated proteins were investigated. D) Following A549 cells were treated with 10 and 20 μM 4 or vehicle for 24 h, CHOP and BIP protein levels were determined via IB. E) ROS production was determined via 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH). 200 mM H2O2 was used as a positive control (1 h). Error bars represent standard deviation and p-values were calculated with respect to vehicle-treated cells. (**p = 0.009, ***p = 0.0002, ****p <0.0001).
Fig. 2. 4 in Undescribed polyether ionophores from Streptomyces cacaoi and their antibacterial and antiproliferative activities
Fig. 2. 4 triggers apoptosis and inhibits autophagic flux similar to K41-A. (A–D) A549 cells were treated with 4 (10 and 20 μM), K41-A (7 and 14 μM), or vehicle for 24 h. A) Expression level of cleaved and full length of PARP-1 was analyzed via immunoblotting (IB). (* indicate overexposure of full-length PARP-1.) B) Conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, C) p62 level, and D) Atg-7 levels were determined via IB. (E-F) A549 cells which stably express mCherry-GFP-LC3 probe were treated with 20 μM 4, 14 μM K41-A or vehicle. Additionally, 100 ng/mL Bafilomycin was used as positive control which blocks autophagic flux. E) The mCherry-GFP-LC3 expression was visualized by fluorescence microscopy and the representative data are shown. F) Percentage of autophagosomes (mCherry+/GFP+, yellow puncta) and autolysosomes (mCherry+/GFP, red puncta) number were quantified by counting at least 40 cells. Error bars represent standard deviation and p-values were calculated with respect to vehicle-treated cells.
Fig. 3 in Chemical constituents of Psidium guajava leaves and their antibacterial activity
Fig. 3. Experimental CD spectra of (+)/()-1, (+)/()-2, and (+)/()-3, and calculated ECD spectra of R-3 and S-3.
Fig. 7 in Lichen-associated bacteria transform antibacterial usnic acid to products of lower antibiotic activity
Fig. 7. Molecular networking results from GNPS visualized with Cytoscape. Inset: cluster of UA and derivatives with close fragmentation pathway (m/z 357.12: compound K, m/z 389.104: compound L) and self-loop of compound H (at m/z 386.139).
Fig. 4 in Lichen-associated bacteria transform antibacterial usnic acid to products of lower antibiotic activity
Fig. 4. HPLC chromatograms of S. cyaneofuscatus cultures with or without UA: A) At the beginning of the stationary phase of bacterial growth; B) After 7 days of stationary phase. Circled in blue: compounds inhibited in the presence of UA, circled in orange: compounds more concentrated in the presence of UA, circled in red: UA. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
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