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120 results for “aquatic ecosystems”
Fig. 3 in Impacts of crustacean invasions on parasite dynamics in aquatic ecosystems: A plea for parasite-focused studies
Fig. 3. Introduced parasites ‾ native/introduced hosts: hypothetical examples of the potential effects of invasive crustaceans on native parasites. Note that only a subsample of non-exclusive scenarios from a number of potential outcomes of non-native parasite introduction is represented here. The hypothetical non-native parasite considered here has a two-host life cycle involving a definitive host predator and an intermediate host prey, transmission from the intermediate host to the definitive host requiring consumption of infected intermediate host prey. The variable sizes of squares, circles and diamonds represent relative intermediate and definitive hosts, and parasite abundances, respectively. During transmission, some parasites are unsuccessful and therefore lost from the system (parasite loss); the thickness of the arrows indicates the relative numbers that are either lost or successfully transmitted. The life cycle at the top left represents the situation in the ecosystem of origin of the parasite, providing a benchmark for comparisons. Prior to the invasion, the hypothetical recipient ecosystem does not contain native parasites for simplification of representation. (A) The parasite is co-introduced with its intermediate host prey. The invasive parasite retains its original, co-introduced hosts and uses native definitive hosts to complete its life cycle. The situation represented here is the simplest one where the native predator exactly replaces the original definitive host of the parasite with no effect on either parasite dynamics or host abundance. However, parasite invasion may in turn negatively affect native predators and change parasite dynamics compared to that observed in the original ecosystem (shown at the top left). (B) The parasite is again cointroduced with its intermediate host prey. The invasive parasite retains its original, co-introduced hosts and uses native definitive hosts to complete its life cycle but also uses the native prey species as an alternative transmission vector. The introduced parasite may negatively influence native host abundance, thus influencing invasion success of its co-introduced host, as shown here. This may in turn lead to greater infection levels in definitive hosts in the recipient ecosystem than in the original ecosystem of the parasite (situation not represented here) (C) The non-native parasite is introduced without its original host (or this host does not survive translocation) but is subsequently included in the recipient food web. The novel parasite may in turn have drastic effects on intermediate and/or native hosts and reach higher infection levels in these novel hosts as represented here. However, a multitude of alternative scenarios are possible with as many outcomes in terms of parasite dynamics.
Fig. 2 in Theromyzon maculosum (Rathke, 1862) as a vector of potentially pathogenic fungi in aquatic ecosystems
Fig. 2. Pseudomycelium (marked as PS) and blastospores (marked as BL) of Candida albicans isolated from the river Czarna Ha´ncza in the microculture on the Nickerson agar (magn. 400x).
Fig. 5 in Theromyzon maculosum (Rathke, 1862) as a vector of potentially pathogenic fungi in aquatic ecosystems
Fig. 5. Pseudomycelium (marked as PS) and blastospores (marked as BL) of Candida tropicalis isolated from the integument of the leech Theromyzon maculosum in the microculture on the Nickerson agar (magn. 400x).
Fig. 4 in Theromyzon maculosum (Rathke, 1862) as a vector of potentially pathogenic fungi in aquatic ecosystems
Fig. 4. Pseudomycelium (marked as PS) and blastospores (marked as BL) of Candida tropicalis isolated from the river Czarna Ha´ncza in the microculture on the Nickerson agar (magn. 600x).
Consumer biodiversity increases organic nutrient availability across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems
<p>Human land-use intensification threatens arthropod (e.g., insect and spider) biodiversity across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Insects and spiders play critical roles in ecosystems by accumulating and synthesizing organic nutrients like polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). However, links between biodiversity and nutrient content of insect and spider communities have yet to be quantified. We relate insect and spider richness to biomass and PUFA-mass from stream and terrestrial communities encompassing nine land-uses. PUFA-mass and biomass relate positively to biodiversity cross ecosystems. In terrestrial systems, human-dominated areas have lower biomass and PUFA-mass than more natural areas, even at equivalent levels of richness. Aquatic ecosystems have consistently higher PUFA mass than terrestrial ecosystems. Our findings reinforce the importance of conserving biodiversity and highlight unique benefits of aquatic biodiversity.<br><br>This is all of the data and code required to reproduce the analyses. The repository doesn't allow specific folder structures, but the data should ideally be organized into folders organized and named as follows -</p> <p> 1_raw_data/<br>├─ bdm_data/<br>│ ├─ bdm_families_list.csv<br>├─ pufa_concentration_data/<br>│ ├─ Literature_estimates/<br>│ │ ├─ Literature_estimates.xlsx<br>│ ├─ Margaux_PUFA_Conc/<br>│ │ ├─ 2a.Lunz 2019_FA_InsectTransfer - Content.xlsx<br>│ │ ├─ 3a.Lunz 2019_FA_InsectConsu - Content.xlsx<br>│ ├─ Martin_Creuzberg_PUFA_Conc/<br>│ │ ├─ all_STOTEN.xlsx<br>│ ├─ Tarn_PUFA/<br>│ │ ├─ Mindelsee_FA.xlsx<br>├─ wsl_data/<br>2_modified_data/<br>├─ terr_insects_nutrients_null.rds<br>├─ aq_insect_nutrients_null.rds<br>├─ aquatic.data.rds<br>├─ terrestrial_data.rds<br>├─ insect_data/<br>│ ├─ aq_insect_regressions.rds<br>│ ├─ te_insect_regressions.rds<br>├─ null_models/<br>│ ├─ aquatic_habitat_all.rds<br>│ ├─ terrestrial_habitat_all.rds<br>3_r_scripts/<br>├─ Diversity_Analaysis.rmd<br>├─ Null_models.rmd<br>├─ Nutrient_content.rmd<br>├─ Scaling_relationships.rmd<br> </p> <p> </p>
Meteorological responses of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of a subarctic landscape [Data set]
<p>The data set contains carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) fluxes of boreal subarctic landscape and its ecosystems and ecotones, and ancillary meteorological and environmental data, measured at Kaamanen, northern Finland (69°8’ N, 27°16’ E; 155 m a.s.l.), during June 2017 - June 2019. The studied ecosystems and ecotones include: upland pine forest, fen, treed pine bog, sparsely treed pine bog, lakes and string top fen plant community.</p> <p>C_fluxes1b_Heiskanen_et_al_2022.csv includes quality screened, u* filtered and gap-filled eddy covariance ecosystem flux data and modelled pine bog and string top time series utilising eddy covariance and manual flux chamber measurements.</p> <p>C_fluxes2_Heiskanen_et_al_2022.csv includes quality screened daily average lake fluxes from mineral and organic sediment lakes.</p> <p>environmental_data_Heiskanen_et_al_2022.xlsx includes ancillary meteorological and environmental data.</p>
Eurasian beaver – A semi-aquatic ecosystem engineer rearranges the assemblage of terrestrial mammals in winter - dataset
<p>Dataset to paper of Fedyń, I., Przepióra, F., Sobociński, W., Wyka, J., & Ciach, M. (2022). Eurasian beaver–A semi-aquatic ecosystem engineer rearranges the assemblage of terrestrial mammals in winter. <em>Science of The Total Environment</em>, <em>831</em>, 154919 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154919">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154919</a>).</p>
Mitigation of urbanisation effects on aquatic ecosystems by synchronous ecological restoration
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Data from: Quality versus quantity: Response of riparian bird communities to aquatic insect emergence in agro-ecosystems
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Review of ecological research approaches for the study of extreme events in aquatic ecosystems
Extreme climatic events have increased in frequency globally, with a simultaneous surge in scientific interest about their ecological consequences, particularly in sensitive freshwater, coastal, and marine ecosystems. In this context, it is imperative that ecologists apply their expertise to understand and predict the ecological impacts of extreme events, and to collaborate across disciplines and sectors to improve socio-ecological resilience to extreme events. However, ecological research on extreme events is often opportunistic and hampered by lack of coordination, among ecologists and among interdisciplinary collaborators. We conducted a literature search to investigate the research approaches that ecologists use to study extreme events in aquatic ecosystems (including freshwater, coastal, and marine ecosystems), that is, to understand how, when, and where ecologists study these events, and to identify areas to improve research practices. We used keywords related to ecology, aquatic ecosystems, and types of extreme events to identify 215 relevant papers in the literature and we examined these papers to identify 49 studies that met our inclusion criteria of including observations of ecological responses to an extreme event occurring in an aquatic ecosystem. We then extracted information from the 49 included papers, including information on the ecosystem, the extreme event, the spatial and temporal approaches to sampling, the types of response variables sampled, and the magnitude of responses measured. This dataset collates research approaches to the study of extreme events in aquatic ecosystems at a broad scale. Based on this literature review, we identified key areas where aquatic ecologists can improve research practices, including prioritizing pre- and post-event data collection, leveraging long-term and cross-site monitoring networks, and adopting novel approaches to analysis, synthesis, and collaboration.
Data from: Distribution, population dynamics and potential impacts of the invasive snail, Tarebia granifera in aquatic ecosystems of north-eastern South Africa
<p>Aquatic ecosystems globally have been invaded by molluscs. <em>Tarebia granifera</em> is a highly successful invader, often becoming the dominant aquatic invertebrate species in an invaded ecosystem. Resultingly, it has been suggested that <em>T. granifera</em> may have severe negative impacts on these invaded ecosystems. Limited information is available regarding the population structures and densities of <em>T. granifera</em>, particularly in invaded countries such as South Africa, and information on this could assist in developing management and control strategies for this invasive species. The aim of the present study was to assess the current distribution, densities, and population structures of <em>T. granifera</em> in invaded habitats on the Limpopo and Phongolo River systems, South Africa. This was accomplished by collecting aquatic benthic molluscs from sites across these systems. Water quality parameters were measured at each site and water samples collected for chemical nutrient analyses. The density of snails was determined for each site and the population size and structure as well as birth rate was calculated for <em>T. granifera. </em><em>Tarebia granifera</em> was found to be the dominant molluscan species in habitats where it was present and all size classes from new-born to mature adults were found throughout at some of the highest densities globally. Worryingly, native molluscan species, were often absent or in much lower densities than reported in literature at sites where <em>T. granifera</em> was present, suggesting a negative effect on the native molluscan density and diversity. Contrary to most previous studies, there were no significant correlations between <em>T. granifera </em>and the selected water quality parameters. Higher densities and new-born recruitment of <em>T. granifera </em>were observed in the spring than autumn, likely in response to shifts in environmental conditions. This study provides crucial insights into the population structure and dynamics of <em>T. granifera</em> in invaded habitats, particularly for relatively newly invaded regions such as southern Africa.</p>
Data from: Aquatic ecosystem responds differently to press and pulse nutrient disturbances as revealed by a microcosm experiment
<p><span>Due to climate change and increasing anthropogenic activities, lakes are disturbed frequently, usually by press (e.g., diffused pollution, rising temperatures) or pulse (e.g., storms, rainfall, pollution events) disturbances. Both press and pulse disturbances can affect abiotic and biotic environments, changing the structure of ecosystems and affecting ecosystem services. To confront with the effects of climate change and increasing anthropogenic activities, understanding the different effects of press and pulse disturbances on lake ecosystems is essential. This study assessed the effect of press and pulse disturbances of phosphorus on a microcosmic </span><span>aquatic </span><span>eco</span><span>system</span><span> by measuring the total phosphorus (TP), algae density, and physiological indicators of submerged macrophytes. We found that the microcosmic aquatic ecosystem responded differently to press and pulse disturbances. Our results suggested that it had a lower resistance to pulse phosphorus disturbances than to press phosphorus disturbances. There were significantly higher nutrient concentrations and algal densities in the pulse treatment than in the press treatment. Positive feedback was found between the biomass of submerged macrophytes and the water quality. There was a higher submerged macrophytes biomass at low TP concentration and algal density. In the context of climate change, press and pulse disturbances could have severe impacts on lake ecosystems. Our findings will provide some insight for further research and lake management.</span></p>
Data for : Social equity shapes zone-selection: Balancing aquatic biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services delivery in the transboundary Danube River Basin
<p>Freshwater biodiversity is declining, despite national and international efforts to manage and protect <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/freshwater-ecosystem">freshwater ecosystems</a>. Ecosystem-based management (EBM) has been proposed as an approach that could more efficiently and adaptively <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/ecological-balance">balance ecological</a> and societal needs. However, this raises the question of how social and ecological objectives can be included in an <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/integrated-management">integrated management</a> plan. Here, we present a generic model-coupling framework tailored to address this question for freshwater ecosystems, using three components: biodiversity, ecosystem services (ESS), and a spatial prioritisation that aims to balance the spatial representation of biodiversity and <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/evolutionarily-stable-strategy">ESS</a> supply and demand. We illustrate this model-coupling approach within the Danube River Basin using the spatially explicit, potential distribution of (i) 85 fish species as a surrogate for biodiversity as modelled using hierarchical Bayesian models, and (ii) four estimated ESS layers produced by the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/artificial-intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a> for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) platform (with ESS supply defined as <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/carbon-sequestration">carbon storage</a> and flood regulation, and demand specified as recreation and water use). These are then used for (iii) a joint spatial prioritisation of biodiversity and ESS employing Marxan with Zones, laying out the spatial representation of multiple management zones. Given the transboundary setting of the Danube River Basin, we also run comparative analyses including the country-level <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/purchasing-power-parity">purchasing power parity</a> (PPP)-adjusted gross domestic product (GDP) and each country's percent cover of the total basin area as potential cost factors, illustrating a scheme for balancing the share of establishing specific zones among countries. We demonstrate how emphasizing various biodiversity or ESS targets in an EBM model-coupling framework can be used to cost-effectively test various spatially explicit management options across a multi-national case study. We further discuss possible limitations, future developments, and requirements for effectively managing a balance between biodiversity and ESS supply and demand in freshwater ecosystems.</p>
Fig. 1 in Theromyzon maculosum (Rathke, 1862) as a vector of potentially pathogenic fungi in aquatic ecosystems
Fig. 1. Species diversity of yeast-like fungi in different environments.
Living on the edge: Predicting invertebrate richness and rarity in disturbance-prone aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems
<p>1. Temporal fluctuations in water levels cause the spatial extent of wet and dry habitats to vary in aquatic–terrestrial riverine ecosystems, complicating their biomonitoring. As such, biomonitoring efforts may fail to characterise the species that inhabit such habitats, hampering assessments of their biodiversity and implementation of evidence-informed management strategies.</p> <p>2. Relationships between the dynamic characteristics of aquatic-terrestrial habitats and their communities are well known. Thus, habitat characteristics may enable estimation of faunal assemblage characteristics such as taxonomic richness, regardless of in-channel conditions.</p> <p>3. We investigated whether indicators summarising habitat survey data can predict two metrics representing terrestrial invertebrate assemblages (e.g. taxa richness) in two aquatic–terrestrial habitats: exposed riverine sediments and dry temporary streams. We also compared the performance of unimetric and multimetric habitat indicators in making predictions.</p> <p>4. In exposed riverine sediments, >88% of predictions were correlated with observed taxa richness and an index of conservation status. Values predicted by exposed riverine sediment samples were correlated with those observed in temporary stream channels with comparable riparian (i.e. largely agricultural) land use, but not those observed in channels with contrasting (i.e. more urban) land use.</p> <p>5. Unimetric habitat indicators performed similarly to more complex multimetric indicators, with each explaining ≤6% of the variability in taxa richness and the index of conservation status. The different spatial scales at which invertebrates respond to habitat conditions and at which indicators record habitat conditions, and a more comprehensive training dataset that incorporates a full range of habitat conditions (i.e. land use), may improve future predictions.</p> <p>6. We demonstrate that invertebrate assemblage characteristics can be predicted regardless of in-channel conditions. Agreement between exposed riverine sediment predictions and temporary stream observations suggests that these predictions are transferable among a range of aquatic–terrestrial habitat types, and could thus be widely applied to aid conservation of riverine biodiversity in dynamic aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems.</p>
Data from: Antibiotics disrupt bacteria-phytoplankton symbioses: Unveiling ecological risks in aquatic ecosystems
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Data from: Increased duration of aquatic resource pulse alters community and ecosystem responses in a subarctic plant community
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Data from: Addressing grand ecological challenges in aquatic ecosystems: How can mesocosms be used to advance solutions?
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Data from: Aquatic hitchhikers: examining the phoretic associations between blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) and mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae, Tricorythidae) larvae in Kenyan river ecosystems
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Data from: Nutrient release from moose bioturbation in aquatic ecosystems
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.