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Fig. 8. Asterocheres lilljeborgi Boeck, female. A in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 8. Asterocheres lilljeborgi Boeck, female. A, rostral area, ventral; B, mandible; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped; F, leg 1; G, leg 2. Scale bars: A, D, E, 0.1 mm; B, C, F, G, 0.05 mm.

Fig. 20. Asterocheres quadridens n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 20. Asterocheres quadridens n. sp., female. A, maxillule; B, maxilla; C, maxilliped; D, leg 1; E, leg 2; F, third endopodal segment of leg 3; G, leg 4; H, leg 5 exopod. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Fig. 27. Callomyzon macrocephalus n. gen. n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 27. Callomyzon macrocephalus n. gen. n. sp., female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, urosome, dorsal; C, caudal rami, dorsal; D, antennule; E, antenna; F, oral cone; G, mandible; H, maxillule; I, maxilla; J, rostral area, ventral. Scale bars: A, B, J, 0.1 mm; C, 0.02 mm; DI, 0.05 mm.

Fig. 17 in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 17. Asterocheres simulans (T. Scott), female. A, maxilliped; B, leg 1; C, leg 2; D, leg 3 endopod; E, leg 4; F, leg 5 exopod; G, left side of genital doublesomite, dorsal. Scale bars: AG, 0.05 mm.

Fig. 6. Dyspontius alatus n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 6. Dyspontius alatus n. sp., female. A, maxillule; B, maxilla; C, maxilliped; D, leg 1; E, leg 2; F, leg 4; G, right side of proximal part of urosome, ventral. Scale bars: A, D, G, 0.02 mm; B, C, E, F, 0.05 mm.

Fig. 3. Arctopontius adelphus n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 3. Arctopontius adelphus n. sp., female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, urosome, dorsal; C, first two urosomal somites, ventral; D, rostrum; E, antennule; F, antenna; G, distal part of mandible; H, maxillule; I, maxilla. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; BD, I, 0.1 mm; E, F, H, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm.

Fig. 4. Arctopontius adelphus n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 4. Arctopontius adelphus n. sp., female. A, maxilliped; B, leg 1; C, leg 3; D, leg 4; E, leg 4 endopod; F, leg 5; G, leg 6. Scale bars: AD, 0.1 mm; EG, 0.05 mm.

Fig. 5. Dyspontius alatus n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 5. Dyspontius alatus n. sp., female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, urosome, ventral; C, left epimera of second and third pedigerous somites, dorsal; D, ornamentations of tergites of somites; E, anal somite and caudal rami, dorsal; F, rostral area, ventral; G, antennule; H, antenna; I, oral siphon; J, distal part of mandible. Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, C, F, G, I, 0.05 mm; E, H, 0.02 mm; D, J, 0.01 mm.

Fig. 1. Arctopontius minutus n in Siphonostomatoid copepods (Crustacea) mainly associated with marine invertebrates from Korean waters

Fig. 1. Arctopontius minutus n. sp., female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, urosome, dosal; C, left caudal ramus, dorsal; D, tergal ornamentation of cephalothorax; E, rostral area, ventral; F, antennule; G, antenna; H, oral siphon; I, maxillule. Scale bars: A, 0.2 mm; B, E, H, 0.1 mm; C, D, F, G, I, 0.05 mm.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Mesoparasitic copepods (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) associated with polychaete worms in European seas.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Mesoparasitic copepods (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) associated with polychaete worms in European seas". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/a72a13f8-f366-41db-835b-4b42169fd25b">https://bionomia.net/dataset/a72a13f8-f366-41db-835b-4b42169fd25b</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/a72a13f8-f366-41db-835b-4b42169fd25b">https://gbif.org/dataset/a72a13f8-f366-41db-835b-4b42169fd25b</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Sublethal reproductive costs associated with experimental heat waves in the copepod, Tigriopus californicus

Physiological stress may induce sublethal effects on fitness by limiting energy availability and shifting energy allocation, which can incur reproductive costs. Sublethal reproductive costs may affect vital rates, linking stress events such as heat waves to population demography. Here, we test the hypothesis that heat wave intensity and consecutive days of exposure to heat wave temperatures impact survival and individual reproductive success. We subjected groups of the marine harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus californicus, to six heat wave regimes that differed in maximum exposure temperature, 26°C or 32°C, and number of consecutive exposure days (1, 2, or 7), and predicted that survival and reproductive costs would increase with heat wave intensity and duration. We measured individual survival and offspring production during the heat waves and for two weeks following the last day of each experimental heat wave. Despite similar survivorship between the two maximum temperature treatments, sublethal effects of heat wave intensity were observed. Consistent with our predictions, individuals that experienced the higher maximum temperature 32°C heat waves produced fewer offspring overall than those that experienced the 26°C heat wave. Furthermore, the number of naupliar larvae (nauplii) per clutch was lower in the 32°C group for egg clutches produced immediately after the final day of exposure. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that increasing thermal stress can lead to sublethal costs, even with no discernible effects on mortality. Heat waves may not always have lethal effects on individuals, especially for individuals that are adapted to routine exposures to high temperatures, such as those occupying the high intertidal. Costs, however, associated with stress and/or reduced performance due to non-linearities, can affect short-term demographic rates. The effect of these short-term sublethal perturbations is needed to fully understand the potential for population rescue and evolution in the face of rapid climate change.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Host-parasite interactions between a copepod (Pharodes tortugensis) and small reef-associated gobies (Coryphopterus) in the British Virgin Islands

The effects of parasitic copepods on free-living hosts are infrequently documented, and the copepod Pharodes tortugensis has remained virtually unstudied since described. For the first time, we document its host range in the British Virgin Islands (BVI), the prevalence and intensity of infections on wild hosts, and its impacts on host morphology and performance. Infections were observed on four benthic gobies in the BVI (Coryphopterus glaucofraenum, C. venezuelae, C. dicrus and C. eidolon) but not on other host species previously reported from other parts of the western Atlantic. Infected gobies were widespread in the BVI (detected at 33 of 52 sites, prevalence from 1–25%) but extremely rare elsewhere in the Caribbean (detected at 2 of 16 sites, prevalence <0.006%). As is typical of macroparasite infections, P. tortugensis was over-dispersed in BVI host populations (mean intensity = 4.7, range = 1–17). Infections were most common in juvenile and female hosts, and rarely found in larger male hosts. The copepods attach in the branchial chamber of the goby; female copepods show high attachment fidelity to the ventral surface of the chamber, while male copepods attached most often to the first two gill arches and in the branchial chamber adjacent to the female. Infections caused substantial damage to the host's branchial chamber and gill filaments. Parasitized gobies also had larger livers and smaller gonads than unparasitized individuals of similar length. The changes in organ mass of infected gobies were not sizeable enough to affect total body mass, and host condition (the body-length vs. body-mass relationship) was similar for gobies with and without infections. Parasitized gobies were, however, significantly smaller in body mass at a given age, reflecting slower overall growth. Effects of P. tortugensis on individual hosts were broadly similar to those of other parasitic copepods that infect fish gills and, for unknown reasons, the BVI appears to be a persistent hotspot of infections on these goby hosts.

publicApr 2022View details →

Sublethal reproductive costs associated with experimental heat waves in the copepod, Tigriopus californicus

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publicMay 2022View details →

Host-parasite interactions between a copepod (Pharodes tortugensis) and small reef-associated gobies (Coryphopterus) in the British Virgin Islands

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FIGURE 3 in A new family of poecilostomatoid copepods (Strepidae fam. nov.) associated with the sun coral, Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829 in Taiwan

FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood tree of 75 species of Copepoda based on 18S rDNA sequences. Numbers below nodes represent support based on 1,000 bootstraps; only boot strap values higher than 70 are indicated on the nodes.

FIGURE 3 in Copepods associated with scleractinian corals: a worldwide checklist and a case study of their impact on the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pocilloporidae)

FIGURE 3. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot of 75% similarity in species composition and abundance of symbiotic copepods amongst various sampling periods.

FIGURE 2 in A new family of poecilostomatoid copepods (Strepidae fam. nov.) associated with the sun coral, Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829 in Taiwan

FIGURE 2. Strepus elongatus gen. et sp. nov. (female, A–B; male, C–E). A, maxilla; B, maxilliped; C, habitus, lateral; D, leg 1; E, leg 2. Scale bars: A–B, D–E = 0.02 mm; C = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Copepods associated with scleractinian corals: a worldwide checklist and a case study of their impact on the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pocilloporidae)

FIGURE 4. Principal component analysis (PCA) of square root-transformed data from five functional categories of copepods (see text for descriptions.) defined based on behaviour (endo-/ectoparasitic or benthic) and the structure of the feeding appendages (mandibles vs. siphon) at various sampling periods. PC1 accounted for 77.2% of the variability, and PC2 accounted for 13.7%.

FIGURE 1 in A new family of poecilostomatoid copepods (Strepidae fam. nov.) associated with the sun coral, Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829 in Taiwan

FIGURE 1. Strepus elongatus gen. et sp. nov. (female). A, habitus, dorsal; B, habitus, lateral; C, urosome; D, caudal ramus; E, cephalosome, ventral; F, cephalosome, lateral; G, rostrum and antennule (dot indicating position of aesthetasc in male); H, antenna; I, mandible; J, maxillule. A1 = antennule, A2 = antenna, MD = mandible, MX1 = maxillule, MX2 = maxilla, MXPD = maxilliped. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C = 0.2 mm; D–E = 0.04 mm; F = 0.1 mm; G–J = 0.02 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Copepods associated with scleractinian corals: a worldwide checklist and a case study of their impact on the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pocilloporidae)

FIGURE 2. Relationships between copepod infection and the amount of resources (Symbiodinium densities and surface areas) provided by host corals. A–E: Mean densities of symbiotic copepods (A: Siphonostomatoida, B: Cyclopoida, C: Harpacticoida, D: all copepods) among 480 Pocillopora damicornis colonies with varying Symbiodinium densities. E–H: Relationship between mean densities of symbiotic copepods (E: Siphonostomatoida, F: Cyclopoida, G: Harpacticoida, H: all copepods) and surface areas of host corals.