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836 results for “avoidance”
Opposing life history strategies allow grass shrimp parasites to avoid a conflict of interest
<p>A conflict of interest occurs when parasites manipulate the behavior of their host in contradictory ways to achieve different goals. In grass shrimp (<em>Palaemonetes pugio</em>), trematode parasites that use shrimp as an intermediate host cause the shrimp to be more active than usual around predators, whereas bopyrid isopod parasites that use shrimp as a final host elicit the opposite response. Since these parasites are altering the host's behavior in opposing directions, a conflict of interest would occur in co-infected shrimp. Natural selection should favor attempts to resolve this conflict through avoidance, killing, or sabotage. In a field survey of shrimp populations in four tidal creeks in the Cape Fear River, we found a significant negative association between the two parasites. Parasite abundance was negatively correlated in differently sized hosts, suggesting avoidance as a mechanism. Subsequent mortality experiments showed no evidence of early death of co-infected hosts. In behavior trials, co-infected shrimp did not show significantly different behavior from singly infected or uninfected shrimp, suggesting that neither parasite sabotages the manipulation of the other. Taken together, our results suggest that rather than sabotaging or killing one another, bopyrid and trematode parasites tend to infect differently sized hosts, thus avoiding a conflict and confirming the importance of testing assumptions in natural contexts.</p>
French liaison and hiatus avoidance (data and code)
<p>This repository contains the supplementary materials to my paper entitled "French liaison and hiatus avoidance", to appear in the journal "Radical: A journal of phonology" (preprint available on LingBuzz: https://lingbuzz.net/lingbuzz/008045). Note that you should adapt the file paths to your own computer to run the R script. For more information about the dataset, please consult my other Zenodo project on French liaison (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10261228).</p>
Dataset for "On a Collision Course: Unveiling Wireless Attacks to the Aircraft Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)"
<p>The dataset associated with "On a Collision Course: Unveiling Wireless Attacks to the Aircraft Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)"</p>
Figure 5 in Shade avoidance cues reduce Beto vulgoris growth
Figure 5. Effect of reflected light from grass and colored plastic mulch on leaf number of Beto vulgoris varieties in at 90 d after planting in 2014 field study, Laramie, WY. Bars represent 95% confidence intervals of the estimates.
Figure 6 in Shade avoidance cues reduce Beto vulgoris growth
Figure 6. Effect of reflected light from grass on sugar beet leaf number in 2015 greenhouse study, Laramie,WY.Regression equation and parameter estimates are provided in Table 2.
Figure 4 in Shade avoidance cues reduce Beto vulgoris growth
Figure 4. Effect of reflected light from bare soil, grass, and colored plastic mulch on leaf number of Beto vulgoris varieties in 2014 field study, Laramie, WY. Regression equation and parameter estimates are provided in Table 1.
Figure 3 in Shade avoidance cues reduce Beto vulgoris growth
Figure 3. Effect of reflected light from colored plastic mulch on leaf number of Beto vulgoris varieties in 2013 field study, Laramie, WY. Regression equation and parameter estimates are provided in Table 1.
Figure 2 in Shade avoidance cues reduce Beto vulgoris growth
Figure 2. Greenhouse experiment setup. Each tray was one replicate (with 8 pseudo-replicates) and 28 × 58 cm in size. Each sugar beet was surrounded on all sides by cones either containing potting mix (bare-soil treatment, left) or planted with Kentucky bluegrass (grass treatment, right). Planting into separate cones ensured there was no belowground interaction between sugar beet and grass.
Figure 1 in Shade avoidance cues reduce Beto vulgoris growth
Figure 1. Illustration of the grass treatment used in the field experiment showing the top view (left) and a cross-section (right); modeled after Green-Tracewicz et al. (2011). Beto vulgoris was planted into the center ring and was allowed to grow using the full depth (35 cm) of the 21-L pail. Grass roots were constrained to the top 7.5 cm and outer 9 cm of the pail, and were isolated from the B. vulgoris roots using plastic. Grass was clipped as needed to minimize any direct shading of the B. vulgoris plant in the center. For the soil treatment, the design was the same, except no grass was planted into the potting media in the outer ring. Drawing by Jessica Perry.
Figure 1 in Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox exposure
Figure 1. Overhead schematic of the avoidance system. Source water entered from the left and flow rates were controlled with diaphragm valves and monitored on side-specific rotameters. A cross-over system included a set of 3-way valves and plumbing to switch treatment sides during trials. Flow collimators of decreasing sizes on both sides of the choice tank delivered near laminar flow conditions to the arena. Fish were contained in the arena by the collimator upstream and by a backscreen on the downstream side. The samplers included a pH probe, dissolved oxygen probe, and peristaltic tubing to monitor test conditions from outside the curtain without disturbing the test individual.
Figure 3 in Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox exposure
Figure 3. Comparison of behavior effect sizes and confidence intervals by species assessing the response to Zequanox exposure in a two-flume choice tank. Species are Fathead Minnow (FHM), Bluegill (BLG), Yellow Perch (YEP), Lake Sturgeon (LST), Lake Trout (LAT), and Brook Trout (BKT). Diamonds represent the species' mean behavior effect sizes and the error bars represent the 95% confidence interval. Negative values for the behavior effect sizes are considered an attraction response and positive values are considered an avoidance response.
Figure 2. Representative trial format for showing side B in Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox exposure
Figure 2. Representative trial format for showing side B (above centerline) treated first. Zequanox concentrations in mg/L as active ingredient (shaded area) for each side of the choice tank. One trial per species (n = 6) was sampled every 5 minutes during the control period and every 2 minutes thereafter. The control period was preceded by a 10-minute acclimation period.
Fig. 3 in The establishment of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister, 1835) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Chile, an avoidable situation?
Fig. 3.- Localities where Bagrada hilaris has been recorded in the Metropolitan Region of Chile (map elaborated with Google Earth ®), scale = 5 km.
Fig. 1 in The establishment of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister, 1835) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Chile, an avoidable situation?
Fig. 1.- Extension of B. hilaris on 11 November 2016 in the sampled area (yellow dots = presence). Fig. 2.- Extension of B. hilaris on 26 November in the sampled area (yellow dots = presence, red dots = new records). (Maps elaborated with ArcGis 10.1, exported to a KMZ file and visualized in Google Earth®).
Figure 2 in Aerial insects avoid fluorescing scorpions
Figure 2: Mean difference (with 95% confidence intervals) between aerial insects captured on sticky traps bearing fluorescent scorpions and sticky traps bearing non-fluorescing scorpions, using data pooled from new moon nights (total n=45) and full moon nights (total n=47).
Figure 1 in Aerial insects avoid fluorescing scorpions
Figure 1: Mean difference (with 95% confidence intervals) between aerial insects captured on sticky traps bearing fluorescing scorpions and sticky traps bearing non-fluorescing scorpions on six nights during the summer of 2004. Values> 0 indicate that more aerial insects were captured on traps bearing fluorescing scorpions than non-fluorescing scorpions, while values <0 indicate the reverse.
Figure 1. (a) Part of the acrylic structure where the patient is enclosed to avoid external stimulus; (b) Chin rest, corresponding proportions and measurements.-Design of a Novel Servo-motorized Laser Device for Visual Pathways Diseases Therapy
<p>The device consists mainly of an acrylic semi-spherical structure (Figure 1(a)) where visual<br> stimuli will be shown, according to a pre-designed therapy. Four servomotors will drive the lasers,<br> two inside the structure (short distances drive the lasers, two inside the structure (short distance<br> therapies) and two outside (middle-long distance therapies). A chin-rest must be used to have a<br> better line of sight fixation. A webcam with infrared light will catch the Purkinje-Sanson images to<br> identify the sight line (Borah, 2006; Halswanter, 2011; Pambakian et al., 2000). LabVIEW software<br> is used to control the device, including an audio stimulus along with an image-processing pipeline.<br> Finally a microcontroller is used to control the servo movements, laser beams and buzzers.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 25: The fifth obstacle with 100 robots after passing all robots
<p>The swarm movement and obstacle avoidance are shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 for the first obstacle. Figures 11, 12 and 13 are to present the second obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 are to present the third obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21 are to present the fourth obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 22, 23, 24 and 25 present the fifth obstacle and its avoidance. </p>
BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 24: The fifth obstacle with 100 robots after passing some robots
<p>The swarm movement and obstacle avoidance are shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 for the first obstacle. Figures 11, 12 and 13 are to present the second obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 are to present the third obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21 are to present the fourth obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 22, 23, 24 and 25 present the fifth obstacle and its avoidance. </p>
BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 23: The fifth obstacle with 100 robots before passing any robot
<p>The swarm movement and obstacle avoidance are shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 for the first obstacle. Figures 11, 12 and 13 are to present the second obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 are to present the third obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21 are to present the fourth obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 22, 23, 24 and 25 present the fifth obstacle and its avoidance. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.