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389 results for “bark beetle”
Figure 20 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 20. Images of Microcosmoderes shoreae: A) Lateral, dorsal, and ventral photograph, B) frons, and C) proventriculus.
Figure 2 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 2. Labeled diagram of external morphology used in this study. Specimen illustrated is Hypothenemus birmanus.
Figure 8 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 8. Phylogeny of Ernoporini.Tree is made in RAxML, constrained to the tree by Johnson et al. (2018). Support values are not included due to artificial inflation by constraints.The constraint tree is indicated by a bold line. Outgroup taxa are omitted from the figure. Name pre- and post-revision are displayed, with changes marked in bold. Color boxes indicate genera.The type species of a genus is marked with underlined text.
Figure 15 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 15. Images of Cosmoderes spp.: Aedeagus of A) C. consobrinus and B) C. elegans. Proventricuus of C) C. attenuatus, and D) C. elegans.
Figure 30 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 30. Images of Hemicryphalus argutus: Dorsal and lateral photographs of A) male and B) female, eye, and antennae of A) male and B) female, E) aedeagus, and F) proventriculus.
Figure 28 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 28. Images of Ernoporus spp.: A) Ernoporus tiliae showing eye and antennae, B) male genitalia of E. imitatrix. Proventriculus of C) E. corpulentus, D) E. imitatrix, E) E. parvulus, and F) E. tiliae.
Figure 4 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 4. Labeled photos showing the variation in the proventriculus of former Cryphalini genera.A) Cryphalus, B) Ernoporus, C) Eidophelus, and D) Procryphalus.
Figure 18 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 18. Images of Hypothenemus spp.: Proventriculus of A) H. areccae, B) H. dissimilis, C) H. eruditus, D) H. georgiae, E) H. hampei, and F) H. piaparolinae. Images not to scale.
Figure 19 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 19. Images of Macrocryphalus oblongus: Dorsal and lateral photographs of A) male and B) female, D) Antennae of female, and D) aedeagus.
Figure 24 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 24. Images of Eidophelus spp.: Dorsal and lateral photos of A) E. quadridens, B) E. fagi, C) E. semenovi, D) E. spessivtzevi, E) E. squamosus.
Figure 14 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 14. Images of Cosmoderes spp.: Dorsal and lateral photographs of A) C. attenuatus, B) C. consobrinus, C) C. elegans, D) C. euonymi. Eye and antennae of E) C. elegans, F) C. euonymi.
Figure 22 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 22. Images of Xyloterini spp.: Lateral and dorsal photographs of A) Indocryphalus pubipennis (male), B) I. sordidus (female), C) Xyloterinus politus (female), and D) Trypodendron domesticum (male). E) Proventriculus of I. pubipennis. F) Genitalia of I. pubipennis.
Figure 27 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 27. Images of Ernoporus spp.: Dorsal and lateral photos of A) E. corpulentus, B) E. imitatrix, C) E. parvulus, and D) E. tiliae. Eye and antennae of E) E. imitatrix and F) E. parvulus.
Figure 23 in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 23. Images of Eidophelus spp.: Dorsal and lateral photos of A) E. darwini, B) E. euphorbiae, C) E. jalappae, D) E. hylesinopsis, E) E. puerarae.
Figure 1. Simplified cladogram inferred from a in Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Figure 1. Simplified cladogram inferred from a>100-gene phylogeny presented in Johnson et al. (2018). Blue text represents genera of Cryphalini sensu (Wood 1986a)
Difference in effect of pheromone for monitoring the European spruce bark beetle
<p>In recent decades there have been an increasing number of outbreaks of the European spruce bark beetle (<i>Ips typographus</i>) in Europe. A large amount of sanitary felling has taken place, with significant economic and ecological consequences. In order to anticipate such large-scale outbreaks, an effective monitoring system should be set up. One important aspect of monitoring is the decision on which pheromone to use. We suggest a framework for selecting an effective pheromone with few side effects and implemented it on five different pheromones under different disturbance conditions: Pheroprax, IT Ecolure, Ipstyp, Ipsowit and Typosan. We set 50 traps in two areas with sites that were disturbed and undisturbed by wind storms. We collected bark beetles from traps every one to two weeks from the end of March until the end of September in 2019. We investigated the number of bark beetles caught, bark beetle dynamics, amount of bycatch and predators, the taxonomic groups of the bycatch and the overall costs of the monitoring system. We found that Pheroprax, IT Ecolure and Ipsowit caught the most bark beetles and best showed the population dynamics. There was a low amount of bycatch (less than 6% of the total catch) and predators (a few individuals), but some groups seem to prefer certain pheromones. The cost of the pheromones increased with their effectiveness. However, pheromone costs are low relative to the personnel costs involved in setting traps and collecting bark beetles. The framework and the results will help professionals to decide which pheromones to purchase for their bark beetle monitoring system.</p>
What do we know about the missing millions of Earth's insect species: evidence from Australian tropical rainforest bark beetles?
<p><span>Only 20% of the estimated five million species of insects on Earth are named despite over 240 years of taxonomy. Yet insects are poorly represented in protected area assessments, and insect declines are of concern globally. Here we explore how to increase the discovery of new species and understanding of this group through analysis of 10,097 tropical rainforest bark beetles (Scolytinae) from eight different ecological studies using beetles between 2000 and 2018 in the Australian Wet Tropics. Of the 107 species identified, 58 are undescribed: an increase of 35% on the 166 species known from Australia. As hypothesised, new species are significantly smaller, less abundant and less widespread than described species making them more extinction prone than named species. Rarefaction indicates doubling sampling would increase the number of species by 17. Flight Interception Traps (FIT) collected 84% of individuals and 98% of species confirming the effectiveness of a single sampling method for some beetles. Increased locations and collection from the canopy may sample further species rather than additional collecting methods.<span> </span>Scolytines are relatively well studied with a cadre of taxonomists at the forefront of using modern methods to resolve formerly intractable groups. These new species are more likely to be named than others in many other beetle groups where taxonomy has largely stalled. To increase species description rates and to avoid most species becoming extinct before being named, we call on taxonomists to use new character systems provided by DNA methods and to look at working with Artificial Intelligence tools.<span> </span></span></p>
Role of bark beetle disturbance and fuel types on fire radiative power and burn severity in the Bohemian-Saxon Switzerland - Data and Material.
<p>This data repository includes different datasets for fuel types, burn severity, fire radiative power and burned area, which were analysed and used in our paper on the <strong>Role of bark beetle disturbance and fuel types on fire radiative power and burn severity in the Bohemian-Saxon Switzerland</strong>.</p> <p>Study area: National Park Bohemian and Saxon Switzerland and conservation areas, Germany and Czech Republic.</p> <p>Burn severity:<br>dnbr_fire22.nc – Burn severity data covering the burned area, which has been calculated with the Difference Normalized Burn Index (dNBR) using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8, 9 images. Remote sensing images were reprojected and resampled to 10 m to ensure harmonization before index calculation.</p> <p>cbi.csv – Burn severity surveyed in the field in autumn 2022 as validation data for the dNBR. Contains: ID, coordinates, CBI, CBI values separated for different strata (A to E) and individual strata variables, forest type and species for intermediate trees (strata D) and tall trees (strata E), and the dNBR value that covered the plot extent.</p> <p>Burned area:<br>burned_area.shp – Burned area was mapped by rangers in the Saxon Switzerland National Park and was taken from the dataset provided by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS) for the Bohemian Switzerland National Park.</p> <p>FRP:<br>frp.nc - Fire Radiative Power gridded to 300 m and clipped to the burned area. FRP during the main fire spread 24/07/22 - 29/07/22. </p> <p>Fuel:<br>fueltype_bohemiansaxonswitzerland.nc/fueltype_bohemiansaxonswitzerland_postfire.nc – Raster datasets (10m spatial resolution, EPSG:32633) of fuels present in the area before and after the fire. The fuel classification system can be found in the fuel_classification.xlsx.</p> <p>fuel_classification.xlsx – The fuel type classification system for the study area. Fuel type ID's as seen in fueltype_bohemiansaxonswitzerland.nc (pre- and postfire).</p>
Fig. 3. A in A key to the bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) of Dominican amber
Fig. 3. A: Dorsum of Hypothenemus avitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. B: Lateral view of Hypothenemus avitus. Scale bar = 0.4 mm.C: Dorsum of Paleophthorus bispinus. Scale bar = 0.4 mm. D: Lateral view of Microcorthylus antiquarius. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 2. A in A key to the bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) of Dominican amber
Fig. 2. A: Dorsum of Phloeotribus antiquus. Scale bar = 0.7mm. B: Dorsum of Cladoctonus angustostriatus. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.C: Dorsum of Scolytodes electrosinus. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. D: Lateral view of Cladoctonus ruber. Scale bar = 0.4 mm.
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OpenNeuro
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