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395 results for “carbon to nitrogen”
Field Evidence of Carbon and Nitrogen Stabilization through Mineral Associated Organic Matter Formation in Coastal Wetland Soils from Apalachicola, Florida, collected in June, 2022.
This data set was used to observe the role of Mineral Associated Organic Matter Formation (MAOM) on biogeochemical soil properties in three coastal wetlands in Apalachicola, Florida. One wetland was restored using beneficial dredged sediment, increasing the soil's inorganic matter content. Soil samples were collected in June 2022 from this wetland and two nearby reference wetlands: one with high organic matter and the other with higher inorganic matter content. The samples were analyzed at the University of Central Florida for biogeochemical properties to determine which properties were most related to MAOM pools.
Local scale carbon and nitrogen cycling in temperate forests, eastern U.S., 2017-2018
Data collected in 2017-2018 from individual mature canopy trees (and their surrounding soil) and from monospecific common garden plots to assess how aboveground and belowground carbon and nitrogen cycling are related. Data include foliar, litter, root, and soil carbon and nitrogen pools and fluxes. Field sites span the eastern United States, including south-central Indiana (Moores Creek), Maryland (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center), Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania State University common garden), and Massachusetts (Harvard Forest).
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data from Arctic coastscapes associated with coastal invertebrate and fish food webs, 1999-2022
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data are commonly used to elucidate food web structure and partition food source importance to consumers. Here, stable isotope data were gathered from across the coastal Arctic to assess how differences in coastal type (i.e., coastscape) and longitudinal region differ across the Arctic. Data were collected between 1999-2022.
Soil nitrogen availability and acidity: effects on aboveground production and belowground carbon allocation in mid- and late-successional mixed temperate forests (2009-2021)
In 2011, an experimental nitrogen x pH manipulation study was initiated in mid- and late-successional mixed temperate forests in central New York, USA to disentangle the often-confounded roles of nitrogen (N) and soil pH in driving various ecosystem processes. This data package contains forest productivity (wood, litterfall, and aboveground net primary production), total belowground carbon flux (TBCF), and leaf litterfall and fine root chemistry (C and N concentration) data collected from all experimental plots. It also includes plot-level, species-weighted estimates of measured and modeled photosynthesis (Anet) for the late-successional stands. Wood production, litterfall production, and litterfall chemistry data were collected between 2009 and 2019. Aboveground net primary production data are reported for a pre-treatment interval (2009-2011) and the interval including years 6-9 of experimental treatment (2016-2019). All other properties were measured between years 9 and 11 of the experiment (2019-2021).
Mass per tiller, nitrogen concentration, stable isotope ratios for carbon and nitrogen from the 1980-82 Eriophorum vaginatum reciprocal transplant experiment along a latitudinal gradient in interior Alaska collected in July, 2011
In 1980-1982, six transplant gardens were established along a latitudinal gradient in interior Alaska from Eagle Creek, AK in the south to Prudhoe Bay, AK in the north. Three sites, Toolik Lake (TL), Sagwon (SAG), and Prudhoe Bay (PB) are north of the continental divide and the remaining three, Eagle Creek (EC), No Name Creek (NN), and Coldfoot (CF), are south of the continental divide. Each garden consisted of 10 individual Eriophorum vaginatum tussocks transplanted back to their home-site, as well as 10 individuals from each of the other transplant sites. The gardens were harvested in 2011. Important variables are garden name, source population, mass per tiller, nitrogen concentration, and stable isotope ratios for Carbon and Nitrogen.
Carbon and nitrogen isotopes and concentrations in terrestrial plants from a six-year (2006-2012) fertilization experiment at the Arctic LTER, Toolik Field Station, Alaska.
The data set describes stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and carbon and nitrogen concentrations from an August 2012 pluck of a fertilization experiment begun in 2006. Fertilization was with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Fertilization levels included control, F2, F5, and F10, with F2 corresponding to yearly additions of 2 g/m2 N and 1 g/m2 P, F5 corresponding to yearly additions of 5 g/m2 N and 2.5 g/m2 P, and F10 corresponding to yearly additions of 10 g/m2 N and 5 g/m2 P. After harvest, plants were separated by species and then by tissue. Tissues were then dried, ground and analyzed for stable isotopes and concentrations at the University of New Hampshire stable isotope laboratory.
Plant and root biomass, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus concentrations in a mesic acidic tussock tundra experimental site established in 1981(MAT81) and harvested in 2015, Arctic LTER, Toolik Lake, Alaska.
Plant and root biomass, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus were measured in 2015 in the Arctic LTER tussock tundra experimental site (MAT81). This site was established in 1981 and has been harvested in previous years (see Shaver and Chapin Ecological Monographs, 61(1), 1991, pp.1-31, https://doi.org/10.2307/1942997). Data tables include the biomass for each harvested quadrat and block summaries for percent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for control and fertilized plots from the original 4-block design. New control plots, established in 2015, are in a separate data table and include biomass, percent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for each quadrat.
Modeling the effect of explicit vs implicit representation of grazing on ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling in response to elevated carbon dioxide and warming in arctic tussock tundra, Alaska - Dataset A
We use a simple model of coupled carbon and nitrogen cycles in terrestrial ecosystems to examine how explicitly representing grazers versus having grazer effects implicitly aggregated in with other biogeochemical processes in the model alters predicted responses to elevated carbon dioxide and warming. The aggregated approach can affect model predictions because grazer-mediated processes can respond differently to changes in climate from the processes with which they are typically aggregated. We use small-mammal grazers in arctic tundra as an example and find that the typical three-to-four-year cycling frequency is too fast for the effects of cycle peaks and troughs to be fully manifested in the ecosystem biogeochemistry. We conclude that implicitly aggregating the effects of small-mammal grazers with other processes results in an underestimation of ecosystem response to climate change relative to estimations in which the grazer effects are explicitly represented. The magnitude of this underestimation increases with grazer density. We therefore recommend that grazing effects be incorporated explicitly when applying models of ecosystem response to global change.
Modeling the effect of explicit vs implicit representation of grazing on ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling in response to elevated carbon dioxide and warming in arctic tussock tundra, Alaska - Dataset B
We use a simple model of coupled carbon and nitrogen cycles in terrestrial ecosystems to examine how explicitly representing grazers versus having grazer effects implicitly aggregated in with other biogeochemical processes in the model alters predicted responses to elevated carbon dioxide and warming. The aggregated approach can affect model predictions because grazer-mediated processes can respond differently to changes in climate from the processes with which they are typically aggregated. We use small-mammal grazers in arctic tundra as an example and find that the typical three-to-four-year cycling frequency is too fast for the effects of cycle peaks and troughs to be fully manifested in the ecosystem biogeochemistry. We conclude that implicitly aggregating the effects of small-mammal grazers with other processes results in an underestimation of ecosystem response to climate change relative to estimations in which the grazer effects are explicitly represented. The magnitude of this underestimation increases with grazer density. We therefore recommend that grazing effects be incorporated explicitly when applying models of ecosystem response to global change.
Steady state carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water budgets for twelve mature ecosystems ranging from prairie to forest and from the arctic to the tropics
We use the Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model to examine the responses of twelve ecosystems - from the arctic to the tropics and from grasslands to forests - to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), warming, and 20% decreases or increases in annual precipitation. The ecosystems we simulated include moist acidic tundra, shrub tundra, and wet sedge tundra near Toolik Lake, Alaska, alpine dry meadow tundra near Niwot Ridge, Colorado, restored tallgrass prairie near Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan, native tallgrass prairie at the Konza Prairie, Kansas, upland and lowland boreal forest near Bonanza Creek, Alaska, temperate coniferous forest in HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, a northern hardwood forest in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, a transition oak-maple forest in Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, and lowland tropical rainforest near Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará, Brazil. For each of the twelve sites, we run six 100-year simulations beginning from the calibrated steady state (72 simulations total). The six simulations are: (1) increasing CO2 from 400 to 800 μmol mol-1, (2) warming from current temperatures to current plus 3.5oC, (3) decreasing precipitation from 100% to 80% of the current annual rate, (4) increasing precipitation from 100% to 120% of the current annual rate, (5) doubling of CO2, 3.5oC warming, and 20% decrease in precipitation, and (6) doubling of CO2, 3.5oC warming, and 20% increase in precipitation. The carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water budgets presented here are used to calibrate the MEL model prior to running the climate change simulations. Citations and calculations for the data presented here are described in the individual site html files included in this dataset.
Block summaries of biomass, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus allocation among tissue types, species, and plant functional types from Arctic LTER 1981 Moist Acidic Tussock (MAT81) long-term experiment harvests: 2000 and 2015, Toolik Lake Field Station, Alaska.
A complete accounting of biomass, C, N, and P allocation both among tissue types (leaves, stems, rhizomes, roots) and among species and plant functional types from Arctic LTER 1981 Moist Acidic Tussock (MAT81) long-term experiment’s untreated control plots and plots that were fertilized annually, harvested after 20 and 35 years, near Toolik Lake Field Station, Alaska. Data are gram per meter squared summarized by block.
Sawgrass Above and Below Ground Total Nitrogen and Total Carbon from the Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, September 2002 - ongoing
Once a year during the dry season (Dec-May) three live sawgrass plants are collected from each site. These plants are divided into their live above and live below ground parts. Then both the above and below ground parts are analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), and total phosphorus (TP). The TN and TC data are included in this data package. For Shark River Slough sawgrass TP data, please see package knb-lter-fce.1071 in the FCE LTER website's data catalog or in the EDI repository.
Sawgrass Above and Below Ground Total Nitrogen and Total Carbon from the Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, March 2002 - ongoing
Once a year during the dry season (Dec-May) three live sawgrass plants are collected from each site. These plants are divided into their live above and live below ground parts. Then both the above and below ground parts are analyzed for TN, TC, and TP.
Percentage of Carbon and Nitrogen of Soil Sediments from the Shark River Slough, Taylor Slough and Florida Bay within Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, August 2008 - ongoing
These data represent the results of CHN Analysis from annual soil sampling from all 17 FCE LTER transect locations from Year 2008 thru ongoing. In 2017, the samples were collected before Hurricane Irma (2017a) and post Hurricane Irma (2017b). Surface soils from 0-10 cm been homogenized and analyzed from Sawgrass and mangrove sites and Florida Bay sites. Soils and sediments were analyzed for percentage by weight of total Carbon and Nitrogen with a PerkinElmer CHNS /O 2400 Series II Elemental Analyzer. These analyses are completed to document the differences in soil composition among transect sites, and to provide a baseline dataset against which long-term changes in the properties of the soils can be detected.
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and Dissolved Total Nitrogen (DTN) from Northeast U.S. Shelf Long Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect cruises, ongoing since 2022
Dissolved organic carbon and dissolved total nitrogen are measured from discrete bottle samples collected during CTD rosette casts on Northeast U.S. Shelf Long-Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) transect cruises (ongoing since 2022). Sampling frequency is approximately seasonal. Sample collection is paired with particulate organic carbon at surface, subsurface chlorophyll max, and sometimes a third depth. Samples are filtered directly from the CTD rosette and acidified in the field, then analyzed using a Shimadzu TOC-LCPH total organic carbon analyzer coupled to a TNM-L analyzer for total nitrogen. Values are reported in micromoles per liter.
Particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) from Northeast U.S. Shelf Long Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect cruises, ongoing since 2017
Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen are measured from discrete bottle samples collected during CTD-rosette casts on Northeast U.S. Shelf Long-Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect cruises (ongoing since 2017). Sampling frequency is approximately seasonal. Samples were filtered and collected on combusted glass fiber filters, pelletized using ultra clean tin disks, and combusted using a Flash EA1112 CHN analyzer to calculate concentrations of particulate organic carbon and particulate organic nitrogen in micromoles per liter. Values are also reported as concentrations in micrograms per liter and carbon to nitrogen molar ratio.
Vertical fluxes of particulate carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from a sediment trap deployed west of Palmer Station, Antarctica at a depth of 170 meters, 1992-2019.
Particulate organic matter is exported from the upper ocean euphotic zone in the form of large sinking particles and as dissolved material. Particle fluxes to depth link the surface and mesopelagic realm and supply food to the benthos. Sedimentation flux is typically measured with sediment traps of various designs. Palmer LTER has deployed a time-series trap near 64.5degrees S, 66.0degrees W since late 1992. The trap is moored in 300 m depth and collects sinking particles at 150 m. Deployments and analyses were performed by David Karl, University of Hawaii until 2002 when Hugh Ducklow took over the sediment trap operations.Sedimentation at the PAL site of the West Antarctic Peninsula demonstrates extreme seasonality, with a well-defined pulse in the Austral summer following sea ice retreat. Daily sedimentation rates during the summer flux event are among the highest recorded globally. During the Austral winter when the ocean is covered by sea ice and shrouded in darkness, fluxes are among the lowest observed anywhere. Sedimentation rates at PAL typically vary by 4 orders of magnitude. There is also order of magnitude variability in the total annual flux (area under the curve).
SIA-BRA: The carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of animals of Brazilian biomes and coastal marine areas
<p>SIA-BRA is a compilation of C and N stable isotope ratios of terrestrial and aquatic animals sampled in Brazilian biomes and coastal-marine areas.</p> <p>Version 1.0 contains isotopic data of c. 21,804 non-captive wildlife specimens, excluding livestock production or laboratory<br> experiments. They were 13,881 vertebrates and 7,923 invertebrates. There are 11 phyla, with a clear dominance of Chordata (64%) and Arthropoda (29%), 36 classes, 154 orders, 473 families, 894 genera and 1,157 species.</p> <p>They were divided into the following habitats: terrestrial (30% of the total), freshwater (27%), oceanic (40%)<br> and estuarine (4%) (see <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13449">https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13449</a>)</p> <p>Software format: Data are supplied as delimited text files (.csv).</p>
Dissolved oxygen, temperature, chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon at multiple depths in 822 lakes from 1921-2022
Rapid changes in climate and land use are having substantial and interacting impacts on lake water quality around the world. Here, we synthesized time-series data for dissolved oxygen, temperature, chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon at multiple depths in 822 lakes to facilitate analyses of these changes. The dataset extends from 1921–2022, with a median data duration of 29 years (range 5-102) and a median of 5 unique sampling dates per year at each lake. Lakes in the dataset have a median depth of 12.5 m (range 1.5–480 m), median surface area of 85.4 ha (range: 0.5–237000 ha) and median elevation of 264 m (range: -215–2804). The lakes are located in 18 countries across 5 continents, with latitudes ranging from -42.6 to 68.3. To facilitate interoperability with other large-scale datasets, each lake is linked to a unique hydroLAKES lake ID when possible (n = 683).
Carbon decomposition and nitrogen mineralization in Marsden agroecosystem diversification experiment, Iowa, 2021
This dataset contains measurements of soil carbon decomposition and nitrogen mineralization from 36 soils in the Marsden agroecosystem diversification experiment. Soil samples were collected in fall 2021 from a long-term experiment initiated in 2002 at Iowa State University's Marsden Farm. The dataset includes laboratory data on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, soil total nitrogen content, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of soil, time-series CO2 fluxes from SOC decomposition in a 13.5-month lab incubation, and soil nitrogen mineralization rates. It also provides model simulations of SOC decomposition from different carbon pools using three process-based models: the Agricultural version of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (Agro-IBIS), CN-SIM, and the Microbial-ENzyme Decomposition (MEND) models.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.