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48 results for “carotenoid coloration”
Fig. 4 in Carotenoid profiles of red- and yellow-colored arils of cultivars of Taxus baccata L. and Taxus × media Rehder
Fig. 4. Light micrographs of (a) red arils of Taxus baccata L. 'Hessei' and (b) yellow arils of Taxus baccata L. 'Lutea'. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2 in Carotenoid profiles of red- and yellow-colored arils of cultivars of Taxus baccata L. and Taxus × media Rehder
Fig. 2. ESI(+)-MS2 spectra of the compounds 19 and 21 from the arils of cultivars of Taxus baccata L. and Taxus × media Rehder assigned to (all-E)- rhodoxanthin (a) and (all-E)-eschscholtzxanthin (b), respectively. Proposed mass fragmentation of eschscholtzxanthin (c) and the formation of resonancestabilized in-source fragments as shown for eschscholtzxanthin and eschscholtzxanthin myristate (d) (Ziegler et al., 2015; Breithaupt et al., 2002; Enzell and Back, 1995).
Fig. 3 in Carotenoid profiles of red- and yellow-colored arils of cultivars of Taxus baccata L. and Taxus × media Rehder
Fig. 3. UV/vis absorption spectra of (all-E)-eschscholtzxanthin (solid line), (all- E)-eschscholtzxanthone (dashed line), and (all-E)-rhodoxanthin (dot-dashed line) at 210–700 nm from the arils of cultivars of Taxus baccata L. and Taxus × media Rehder.
Fig. 1 in Carotenoid profiles of red- and yellow-colored arils of cultivars of Taxus baccata L. and Taxus × media Rehder
Fig. 1. HPLC-DAD chromatograms of carotenoids from (a) red arils of Taxus × media Rehder 'Hicksii' and (b) yellow arils of Taxus baccata L. 'Lutea' at 504 (450) and 475 nm, respectively. See Tables 2 and 3 for compound assignment. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Data from: Colour in a new light: a spectral perspective on the quantitative genetics of carotenoid coloration
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Data from: Nonautosomal genetic variation in carotenoid coloration
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Data from: Expression of and choice for condition-dependent carotenoid-based color in an urbanizing context
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Data from: Quantitative genetics of a carotenoid-based color: heritability and persistent natal environmental effects in the great tit
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Data from: High-density lipoprotein receptor SCARB1 is required for carotenoid coloration in birds
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Data from: Carotenoid-based bill coloration functions as a social, not sexual, signal in songbirds (Aves: Passeriformes)
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Data from: Regulatory changes in pterin and carotenoid genes underlie balanced color polymorphisms in the wall lizard
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Mutual mate choice and assortative mating in relation to a carotenoid-based color trait in blue tits
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Avian color expression and perception: Is there a carotenoid link?
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Data from: Carotenoid coloration is related to fat digestion efficiency in a wild bird
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Data from: Eggshell coloration reflects both yolk characteristics and dietary carotenoid history of female mallards
1. Avian eggshell coloration has frequently been examined in a functional context (e.g. mimicry, camouflage), but in recent years, an interest has emerged in identifying the mechanisms that drive eggshell colour variation. 2. Eggshell coloration is predominately caused by pigment deposition; one such pigment is the antioxidant biliverdin, and deposition of biliverdin into eggshells may be costly to mothers due to depletion of their antioxidant reserves. Previous work has shown that dietary supplementation during laying with another type of antioxidant – carotenoid pigments – induces females to produce more biliverdin-rich eggshells. However, the impact of pre-laying nutrition – including the developmental period early in life – on eggshell coloration has not been investigated. 3. Here, we raised female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from hatching, supplemented their diets with carotenoids during early-, mid- or late-developmental periods, and at adulthood measured female circulating carotenoid levels, yolk carotenoid levels, and eggshell coloration. We found that carotenoid supplementation during the late stages of development (transitional period from juvenile to adult plumage) promoted the laying of eggs with more biliverdin-rich eggshells. Independent of developmental dietary treatment, females with higher circulating carotenoid levels at the time of egg laying produced more biliverdin-rich eggshells and more carotenoid-rich yolks. When controlling for female identity, we found that more biliverdin-rich eggshells were associated with more carotenoid-rich, but smaller, yolks. We also detected a laying order effect; later-laid eggs had larger, less carotenoid-rich yolks and less biliverdin-rich eggshells. 4. Taken together, these results demonstrate that eggshell coloration reveals carotenoid status of both mothers and yolks and that diet quality more than 1 month prior to laying can affect eggshell coloration in a waterfowl species. As mallards are considered to be capital breeders in terms of lipid stores, our findings provide a new developmental perspective on the carryover of lipid-soluble and antioxidant nutrient reserves for breeding.
Data from: Exploring visual plasticity: dietary carotenoids can change color vision in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
Differences in color vision can play a key role in an organism's ability to perceive and interact with the environment across a broad range of taxa. Recently, species have been shown to vary in color vision across populations as a result of differences in regulatory sequence and/or plasticity of opsin gene expression. For decades, biologists have been intrigued by among-population variation in color-based mate preferences of female Trinidadian guppies. We proposed that some of this variation results from variation in color vision caused by plasticity in opsin expression. Specifically, we asked about the role of dietary carotenoid availability, because carotenoids (1) are the precursors for vitamin A, which is essential for the creation of photopigments and (2) have been linked to variation in female mate choice. We raised guppies on different carotenoid-level diets and measured opsin expression. Guppies raised on high-carotenoid diets expressed higher levels of long wavelength sensitive opsin (LWS) opsins than those raised on lower levels of carotenoids. These results suggest that dietary effects on opsin expression represent a previously unaccounted for mechanism by which ecological differences across populations could lead to mate choice differences.
Data from: Evolution of carotenoid pigmentation in caciques and meadowlarks (Icteridae): repeated gains of red plumage coloration by carotenoid C4-oxygenation
Many animals use carotenoid pigments to produce yellow, orange, and red coloration. In birds, at least 10 carotenoid compounds have been documented in red feathers; most of these are produced through metabolic modification of dietary precursor compounds. However, it is poorly understood how lineages have evolved the biochemical mechanisms for producing red coloration. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to identify the carotenoid compounds present in feathers from 15 species across two clades of blackbirds (the meadowlarks and allies, and the caciques and oropendolas; Icteridae), and mapped their presence or absence on a phylogeny. We found that the red plumage found in meadowlarks includes different carotenoid compounds than the red plumage found in caciques, indicating that these gains of red color are convergent. In contrast, we found that red coloration in two closely related lineages of caciques evolved twice by what appear to be similar biochemical mechanisms. The C4-oxygenation of dietary carotenoids was responsible for each observed transition from yellow to red plumage coloration, and has been commonly reported by other researchers. This suggests that the C4-oxygenation pathway may be a readily evolvable means to gain red coloration using carotenoids.
Data from: Dietary carotenoid availability affects avian color discrimination
Carotenoid pigments are found in the retinas of many vertebrate species, where they serve a range of functions. In birds, carotenoid-containing retinal oil droplets act as optical filters, modifying the light reaching the underlying visual pigment and thereby enhancing color vision. Dietary carotenoid manipulation is known to affect the allocation of carotenoids to the retina, although the effects this has on vision are less well understood. Using dietary manipulations, in which juvenile Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) received either a high- or a low-carotenoid diet, we tested the effects of carotenoid availability on the ability to perform a color discrimination task. Birds on both diet treatments were able to make a relatively coarse discrimination between colors that appeared to humans as yellow-orange and orange; however, only high-carotenoid diet birds were able to make a finer-scale discrimination involving intermediate colors, showing that dietary carotenoid availability can directly affect the ability of birds to make chromatic discriminations. This finding has implications for our understanding of trade-offs in carotenoid allocation between vision and other key functions such as sexual ornamentation and health maintenance, and suggests that variation in dietary carotenoid availability may affect the ability of animals to make ecologically pertinent color discriminations, such as between sexual signals or cryptic food items.
Data from: The carotenoid beta-carotene enhances facial color, attractiveness and perceived health, but not actual health, in humans
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Data from: Iridophores and not carotenoids account for chromatic variation of carotenoid-based coloration in common lizards (Lacerta vivipara)
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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