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171 results for “climate change adaption”
Large scale experiments to improve monopile scour protection design adapted to climate change
<p>Offshore wind farms contribute significantly to contemporary renewable energy production. By installing these offshore structures, new technical design challenges arise, such as foundation optimisation. Present LCoE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) of offshore wind turbines amounts up to 170 Euro/MWh (Crown Estate, 2015), but the ambition is to reduce this by 2020 to 90 Euro/MWh (EY, 2015). Offshore wind turbine foundation costs are 20 % of the total costs in the case of a monopile (NREL, 2014). An important part of those costs is related to the foundation's scour protection. Therefore, optimisations in the design of the scour protection are indispensable.<br>Another promising track to reduce the costs of offshore wind turbines is their lifetime extension. Recent studies (Crown Estate, 2015) show that a 5 year lifetime extension can reduce the cost per kWh by 6 %. To check the feasibility of a lifetime extension, it will be necessary to diagnose or inspect the conditions of several core parts of the turbines, notably its foundation and scour protection. Therefore, more fundamental insight into the (longer term damage) behaviour of the scour protection around the monopile is needed.<br>Beside the interest in design optimisation and lifetime extension, the influence of climate change needs to be investigated in more detail. Climate change will increase the design storm conditions and influence the scour protection stability. Therefore, research towards a risk-based design will help to evaluate the functionality of scour protection already installed and improve the design of future scour protections adapted to climate change.<br>Based on the above motivations, the main research objective is to establish a basic benchmark dataset on the stability of scour protection around monopile foundations to serve as a basis for model tests in other flumes in the future (rather than to carry out a traditional sensitivity study with a fine resolution for all governing parameters). <br>To achieve the goals, scour researchers from several institutions are set to start work on a collaborative project at HR Wallingford's Fast Flow Facility (FFF) as part of PROTEUS, an EU-funded Hydralab+ project. Hydralab+ which is funded by the EU's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme brings together facilities and researchers in experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamics.<br>The research project aims to improve the design of scour protection around offshore wind turbine monopiles, as well as future-proofing them against the impacts of climate change. <br>PROTEUS, which stands for the 'PRotection of Offshore wind Turbine monopilEs against Scouring' will facilitate the conducting of a series of large scale experiments over a seven week period in the FFF flume at HR Wallingford's UK physical modelling facilities.<br>Partners involved in PROTEUS are: Department of Civil Engineering at Ghent University, HR Wallingford (UK), the Ludwig-Franzius Institute for Hydraulic, Estuarine and Coastal Engineering at the University of Hannover, the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Porto, the Geotechnics division of the Belgian Department of Mobility and Public Works, and International Marine and Dredging Consultants (IMDC nv).</p>
Figure 3 in Phytoplankton adaptation strategies under the influence of climatic changes and anthropogenic pressure on the Black Sea coastal ecosystems on the example Sevastopol Bay
Figure 3. Multiannual dynamics: a, d – concentrations of chlorophyll a (1), phytoplankton biomass (2) and water temperature (3), b, e – concentrations of nitrates (1), silicon (2), phosphates (3) and ammonium (4), c, f- diatoms contribution (1), dinoflagellates (2) and coccolithophorides (3) in the total phytoplankton biomass in Sevastopol Bay in summer and autumn.
Figure 2 in Phytoplankton adaptation strategies under the influence of climatic changes and anthropogenic pressure on the Black Sea coastal ecosystems on the example Sevastopol Bay
Figure 2. Multiannual dynamics: a, d – concentrations of chlorophyll a (1), phytoplankton biomass (2) and water temperature (3), b, e – concentrations of nitrates (1), silicon (2), phosphates (3) and ammonium (4), c, f- diatoms contribution (1), dinoflagellates (2) and coccolithophorides (3) in the total phytoplankton biomass in Sevastopol Bay in winter and spring
Fig. 3 in Adaptations, life-history traits and ecological mechanisms of parasites to survive extremes and environmental unpredictability in the face of climate change
Fig. 3. Flow chart outlining factors that can influence the response of parasites to climate change.
Climate Change Adaptive Resilience Analysis Dataset
<p><span>Greenhouse gas escalation and severely deteriorated environment with global warming and climate change impose substantial difficulties in energy resilience for adaption and mitigation of climate change and zero-carbon transitions. However, uncertainties in supply-demand from climate change and climate-adaptive resilience for electrified and integrative PV-battery-building systems remain unclear. In this research, following </span><span>zero-energy building design principles and innovative U-value/M-value battery sizing methods</span><span>, a </span><span>tailored</span><span> </span><span>‘kWp-kWh-m<sup>2</sup>’ design approach is proposed with </span><span>intrinsic relationships of prosumer-storage</span><span> to achieve renewable self-sufficiency and avoid battery oversizing</span><span> in both centralized and distributed forms.<a name="OLE_LINK1"></a> Comprehensive analysis is conducted by assessing economic-environmental indicators, such as levelized costs of storage, net present values, decarbonization potentials, and policy incentives, followed by the evaluation of provincial system configurations considering energy system variations across diverse climate change conditions and geographic areas. </span><span>Results reveal significant regional variations induced by climatic conditions, resource availability, local grid energy structure, and electricity prices. Notably, the long-term economic-ecological viability of the proposed PV-battery-building system is highlighted, especially with optimal battery integrations. As climate change progresses, the research provides invaluable guidelines for zero-energy transitions from optimal system design, provincial-level system configurations, and performance evaluation, guiding the strategic investment and targeted policy interventions towards sustainability transformations.</span></p> <p><span>The comprehensive dataset encompasses 25-year time series of instantaneous photovoltaic (PV) generation, building electricity demand, PV-battery system performance, and battery capacity sizing procedures across five distinct climatic regions in China. This data accounts for the impacts of different climate change scenarios, including the typical year as well as the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 for the years 2020, 2030, 2060, and 2100. </span></p>
Japanese Small-scale fishers adaptive capacity and furthest response to climate change
<p>The database contains data collected from 25 communities along the western coast of Shikoku, Japan, between January and March 2023. It includes values of adaptive capacity indicators aligned with the adaptive capacity domains outlined by Cinner and Barnes (2019). Additionally, the dataset captures fishers' responses to climate change, following the adaptation pathways proposed by Fedele et al. (2019) and Ojea et al. (2020).<br><br>References: </p> <p>Fedele, G., Donatti, C. I., Harvey, C. A., Hannah, L. & Hole, D. G. Transformative adaptation to climate change for sustainable social-ecological systems. <em>Environmental Science & Policy</em> <strong>101</strong>, 116–125 (2019).</p> <p>Cinner, J. E. & Barnes, M. L. Social Dimensions of Resilience in Social-Ecological Systems. <em>One Earth</em> <strong>1</strong>, 51–56 (2019).</p> <p>Ojea, E., Lester, S. E. & Salgueiro-Otero, D. Adaptation of Fishing Communities to Climate-Driven Shifts in Target Species. One Earth 2, 544–556 (2020).</p>
Urban nature-based solutions to climate change adaptation database
<p>This dataset is the result of a systematic mapping of the application of nature-based solutions (NbS) to climate change adaptation in urban areas across the world. We screened 823 potential urban NbS to climate adaptation, which resulted in the inclusion of 216 interventions worldwide from 130 cities in 55 countries within our dataset. We analysed each of the NbS according to key characteristics in terms of how these interventions are helping cities confront the grave climate change, biodiversity, and related social challenges they are facing. We further analyse the capacity for each NbS to affect change in the city it is implemented within, which ranges from incremental (shallow) change to reformistic (middle ground) and finally transformative (deep) change. The full range of climate, biodiversity, and social challenges, as well as further discussion on the meaning of these different levels of change, is described in the attached file in the coding template tab. </p> <p>The results and analysis of this database (v 1.0.0) appear in the following article:</p> <p>Goodwin, S., M. Olazabal, A. Castro, U. Pascual. "Global mapping of urban nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation". <em>Nature Sustainability. doi: <a href="http://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-01036-x">10.1038/s41893-022-01036-x </a></em></p> <p><strong>A read-only version of this article can be found online for free <a href="https://rdcu.be/c4tjk">here</a>.</strong></p> <p>For any use of this dataset, please cite this dataset along with the associated publication in Nature Sustainability. Please report any errors or omissions to Sean Goodwin.</p>
Fig. 1 in Adaptations of tenebrionid beetles to Mediterranean sand dune environments and the impact of climate change (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 1 – Relationship between activity and temperature in some tenebrionid species in Palestine investigated by Bodenheimer (1934). Activity intensity is expressed by the following rank scale: (1) cold-torpor, (2) only weak, occasional movements of legs and antennae, (3) crawling with interruptions, (4) normal activity, (5) high activity, (6) excited activity, (1) heat-torpor, (0) heat-death. Redrawn from Fattorini (2008) with corrections. Inset: Zophosis punctata (photo S. Fattorini).
Fig. 2 in Adaptations of tenebrionid beetles to Mediterranean sand dune environments and the impact of climate change (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 2 – Diel and monthly activity patterns of tenebrionid beetles of Mediterranean dunes. A, diel activity of Erodius siculus in Latium (Central Italy) in May 1997; B, diel activity of Pimelia bipunctata in Latium (Central Italy) in March 1997; C, diel activity of Pimelia bipunctata in the same locality in May 1997. In these experiments, activity was measured as number of individuals intercepted by pitfall traps per hour in single days. After counting, beetles were immediately released. N: number of trapped individuals per hour. Ta: ambient temperature (°C), Ti: soil internal (3-4 cm depth) temperature (°C), Ts: soil surface temperature (°C). D, Phenological patterns of Erodius siculus in Latium (Central Italy) and Sicily (Southern Italy). Phenologies are expressed as number of locations in which the species has been recorded in each month over a period of a century (from 1897 to 1997). A and D are based on Di Stefano & Fattorini (2002). B and C are based on Fattorini & Di Stefano (2004). Photos: courtesy of L. Di Biase.
Simulated data and code from: Socio-economic predictors of Inuit hunting choices and their implications for climate change adaptation
<p>These data are part of a data portal that accompanies the special issue 'Climate change adaptation needs a science of culture,' published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B in 2023. To access the data portal, please visit <strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bnzs7h4h4">10.5061/dryad.bnzs7h4h4</a>.</strong></p> Summary <p>Repository of R and Stan code to simulate and analyse foraging trip data (patch choice and harvest success).</p> <a class="anchor" href="https://github.com/fhillemann/MSrepo_harvest_patch_choice#accompanying-manuscript"></a>Accompanying manuscript <p>F. Hillemann, B. A. Beheim, E. Ready. 2023. Socio-economic predictors of Inuit hunting strategies and their implications for climate change adaptation. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 378: 20220395. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2022.0395" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2022.0395</a></p> <p><strong>Manuscript Abstract:</strong><br>In the Arctic, seasonal variation in the accessibility of the land, sea ice, and open waters influences which resources can be harvested safely and efficiently. Climate stressors are also increasingly affecting access to subsistence resources. Within Inuit communities, people differ in their involvement with subsistence activities, but little is known about how engagement in the cash economy (time and money available) and other socio-economic factors shape the food production choices of Inuit harvesters, and their ability to adapt to rapid ecological change. We analyse 281 foraging trips involving 23 Inuit harvesters from Kangiqsujuaq, Nunavik, using a Bayesian approach modelling both patch choice and within-patch success. Gender and income predict Inuit harvest strategies: while men, especially men from low-income households, often visit patches with a relatively low success probability, women and high-income hunters generally have a higher propensity to choose low-risk patches. Inland hunting, marine hunting, and fishing differ in the required equipment and effort, and hunters may have to shift their subsistence activities if certain patches become less profitable or less safe due to high costs of transportation or climate change (e.g., navigate larger areas inland instead of targeting seals on the sea ice). Our finding that household income predicts patch choice suggests that the capacity to maintain access to country foods depends on engagement with the cash economy.</p>
Data for: Local adaptation of seed and seedling traits along a natural aridity gradient may both predict and constrain adaptive responses to climate change
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Climate change alters sexual signaling in a desert-adapted frog
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Data from: Local adaptation has a role in reducing vulnerability to climate change in a widespread Amazonian forest lizard
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Data from: Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental drivers of local adaptation and climate-change induced maladaptation in yellow warblers
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Simulated data and code from: Socio-economic predictors of Inuit hunting choices and their implications for climate change adaptation
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Data from: Climate change shifts natural selection and the adaptive potential of the perennial forb Boechera stricta in the Rocky Mountains
Heritable genetic variation is necessary for populations to evolve in response to anthropogenic climate change. However, antagonistic genetic correlations among traits may constrain the rate of adaptation, even if substantial genetic variation exists. We examine potential genetic responses to selection by comparing multivariate genetic variance-covariances of traits and fitness (multivariate Robertson-Price identities) across different environments in a reciprocal transplant experiment of the forb Boechera stricta in the Rocky Mountains. By transplanting populations into four common gardens arrayed along an elevational gradient, and exposing populations to control and snow removal treatments, we simulated future and current climates and snowmelt regimes. Genetic variation in flowering and germination phenology declined in plants moved downslope to warmer, drier sites, suggesting that these traits may have a limited ability to evolve under future climates. Simulated climate change via snow removal altered the strength of selection on flowering traits, but we found little evidence that genetic correlations among traits are likely to affect the rate of adaptation to climate change. Overall, our results suggest that climate change may alter the evolutionary potential of B. stricta, but reduced expression of genetic variation may be a larger impediment to adaptation than constraints imposed by antagonistic genetic correlations.
UK climate hazard and climate change adaptation resources for heritage
<p><span>This dataset (.xlsx) is a compendium of climate change hazard data and adaptation resources for cultural heritage. It was created by JBA Consulting for Historic England and is accompanied by a <a href="https://historicengland.org.uk/research/results/reports/16-2024">research report</a> which provides the background, methodology, and results of the project. One aim of the project was to identify and compile climate hazard resources (data and tools) that could assist those managing the UK historic environment, with specific attention paid to data availability, spatial resolution, and format. </span></p> <p><span> </span><span>The project identified 73 datasets and 38 tools. The datasets were linked to relevant climate hazards from a standardised hazard vocabulary (<a href="../records/10868587">Thomas, 2024</a>). The attached pdf file provides further details on how to use the dataset. Further information can be found in the report, and questions can be addressed to Kate Guest at <a href="mailto:Kate.Guest@HistoricEngland.org.uk">Kate.Guest@HistoricEngland.org.uk</a>. </span></p>
Adaptive potential of Coffea canephora from Uganda in response to climate change
<p>Understanding vulnerabilities of plant populations to climate change could help preserve their biodiversity and reveal new elite parents for future breeding programs. To this end, landscape genomics is a useful approach for assessing putative adaptations to future climatic conditions, especially in long-lived species such as trees. We conducted a population genomics study of 207 <i>Coffea canephora</i> trees from seven forests along different climate gradients in Uganda. For this, we sequenced 323 candidate genes involved in key metabolic and defense pathways in coffee. Seventy-one SNPs were found to be significantly associated with bioclimatic variables, and were thereby considered as putatively adaptive loci. These SNPs were linked to key candidate genes, including transcription factors, like <i>DREB</i>-like and <i>MYB</i> family genes controlling plant responses to abiotic stresses, as well as other genes of organoleptic interest, like the <i>DXMT</i> gene involved in caffeine biosynthesis and a putative pest repellent. These climate-associated genetic markers were used to compute genetic offsets, predicting population responses to future climatic conditions based on local climate change forecasts. Using these measures of maladaptation to future conditions, substantial levels of genetic differentiation between present and future diversity were estimated for all populations and scenarios considered. The populations from the forests Zoka and Budongo, in the northernmost zone of Uganda, appeared to have the lowest genetic offsets under all predicted climate change patterns, while populations from Kalangala and Mabira, in the Lake Victoria region, exhibited the highest genetic offsets. The potential of these findings in terms of <i>ex-situ</i> conservation strategies are discussed.</p>
Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10°C climate change
<p>Data and scripts for Pais-Costa et al 2022</p>
Data from: Local adaptation of Pinus leiophylla under climate and land use change models in the Avocado Belt of Michoacán
<p>Climate change and land use change are two main drivers of global biodiversity decline, decreasing the amount of genetic diversity that populations harbor and altering the patterns of local adaptation. Methods in landscape genomics allow measuring the effect of these anthropogenic disturbances on the adaptation of populations. However, both factors have rarely been considered simultaneously. We modeled the spatial turnover in allele frequencies of 19 localities of <em>Pinus leiophylla</em> across the Avocado Belt in Michoacán state, Mexico which could change under climate change and land use change scenarios, in addition to evaluating assisted gene flow strategies and connectivity metrics across the landscape to identify priority conservation areas. We found that localities at the center-east regions would be more vulnerable to climate change, while localities in the west area will be more threatened by actions of land use change. However, assisted gene flow actions could reduce their risk of extinction for both scenarios. Connectivity patterns will also be modified by future habitat loss, with the central and eastern parts having the highest connectivity values. These results show that the areas with the highest priority for conservation are in the eastern zones, which include the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. This work is useful as a framework that incorporates distinct layers of information to provide a robust representation of the response of populations to future anthropogenic disturbances.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.