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139 results for “climate conditions”
Рис. 6. МоΔеΛирование экоΛогических ниш коΛораΔского жука ΔΛя ΔаΛьневосточного, европейского и североамериканского ареаΛов метоΔом метрического Δвухмерного шкаΛирования с применением коэффициента Жаккара Fig. 6. Models of ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North-American habitats (metric multidimensional scaling, Jaccard index) in Comparative characterization of the ecology of native (Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata) and invasive (Leptinoatrsa decemlineata) species under the conditions of the monsoon climate in the southern part of the Russian Far East
Рис. 6. МоΔеΛирование экоΛогических ниш коΛораΔского жука ΔΛя ΔаΛьневосточного, европейского и североамериканского ареаΛов метоΔом метрического Δвухмерного шкаΛирования с применением коэффициента Жаккара Fig. 6. Models of ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North-American habitats (metric multidimensional scaling, Jaccard index)
Рис. 1. ЗасеΛенность посаΔок картофеΛя коΛораΔским жуком в Приморском крае (2008-2011 гг.) (по: Мацишина, Рогатных 2013) Примечание. БаΛΛ поврежΔения привеΔен по 6-баΛΛьной шкаΛе ВИЗР (Шапиро и Δр., 1980; 1993) in Comparative characterization of the ecology of native (Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata) and invasive (Leptinoatrsa decemlineata) species under the conditions of the monsoon climate in the southern part of the Russian Far East
Рис. 1. ЗасеΛенность посаΔок картофеΛя коΛораΔским жуком в Приморском крае (2008-2011 гг.) (по: Мацишина, Рогатных 2013) Примечание. БаΛΛ поврежΔения привеΔен по 6-баΛΛьной шкаΛе ВИЗР (Шапиро и Δр., 1980; 1993)
Long-term Performance and Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Piles in three Different Climatic Conditions_Dataset
<p>In this file it is possible to find the dataset linked to the related pubblication. In the file each spreadsheet corresponf to a picture of the paper.</p>
Data Storage Report. RODBreak - Wave run-up, overtopping and damage in rubble-mound breakwaters under oblique extreme wave conditions due to climate change scenarios
<p>Wave breaking / run-up / overtopping and their impact on the stability of rubble-mound breakwaters (both at trunk and roundhead) are not adequately characterized yet for climate change scenarios. The same happens with the influence of high-incidence angles on such phenomena.</p> <p>To study these phenomena a stretch of a rubble-mound breakwater (head and part of the adjoining trunk, with a slope of 1(V):2(H)) was built in the wave basin of the LUH, The trunk of the breakwater was 7.5 m long and the head had the same cross section as the exposed part of breakwater. The model was 9.0 m long, 0.82 m high and 3.0 m wide. The angle between the longitudinal axis of the breakwater and the tank wall was 70º. Two types of armour elements (rock and Antifer cubes) were tested.</p> <p>60 tests were carried out in this experiment to assess, under extreme wave conditions (wave steepness of 0.055) with different incidence wave angles (from 40º to 90º), the structure behaviour in what concerns wave run-up, wave overtopping and damage progression of the armour layer.</p> <p>The report describes the data collected in those tests as well as how such data is stored.</p>
Datasets for "The hydro-climate and freshwater supply of High-Mountain Asia under warming climate conditions"
<p>This repository contains ensemble-mean fields and corresponding standard deviations of post-processed outputs of CMIP5 models for three RCP scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) described in a manuscript "The hydro-climate and freshwater supply of High-Mountain Asia under warming climate conditions".</p> <p>Each netcdf file contains one field (either an ensemble mean of a standard deviation). The fields are the following: Positive Degree Days (PDD), Total Precipitation (Ptotal), Liquid Precipitation (PLiquiq), Frozen Precipitation (Pfrozen) and Glaciers Mass Balance (MB).</p>
IPSL-CM5A2. An Earth System Model designed for multi-millennial climate simulations: Boundary conditions and outputs.
<p>Inputs, boundary conditions, and ouputs files of the experiments described in Sepulchre et al. manuscript "<em>IPSL-CM5A2. An Earth System Model designed for multi-millennial climate simulations</em>" submitted for publication to Geoscientific Model Development:</p> <p><a href="https://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/gmd-2019-332"><strong>https://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/gmd-2019-332</strong></a></p> <p>The 90Ma_IPSLCM5A2_inputs.tar tarball contains the input and boundary files used to run the 3,000-year Cretaceous experiment.</p> <p>The output_files.tar tarball contains the netcdf output files of the preindustrial, historical and Cretaceous simulations analyzed in the manuscript. Diagnoses are presented through a Jupyter notebook that can be retrieved and played interactively <strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3549652"><strong>here</strong></a>.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p>
Figure 1. A map showing the three climatic regions from which the 162 in Patterns of skull variation in relation to some geoclimatic conditions in the greater jerboa Jaculus orientalis (Rodentia, Dipodidae) from Tunisia
Figure 1. A map showing the three climatic regions from which the 162 samples of Jaculus orientalis were collected in Tunisia, with isohyets indicating the average annual rainfall measured in millimeters (mm year–1). Main climates: B- arid, C- warm temperate. Precipitation: W- desert, S- steppe, s- summer dry. Temperature: a- hot summer, h- hot arid.
Fig. 1 in Investigating the role of urbanisation, wetlands and climatic conditions in nematode parasitism in a large Australian elapid snake
Fig. 1. The abundance of nematode infection for each tiger snake specimen in South-West Western Australia. Arrows indicate major cities used as urban centres. Colour indicates the number of worms (intensity) found in the stomach of each specimen. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3 in Investigating the role of urbanisation, wetlands and climatic conditions in nematode parasitism in a large Australian elapid snake
Fig. 3. Probability of tiger snake stomach nematode infection in relation to a) distance to wetlands, b) mean annual precipitation and c) topographic wetness index (TWI). Shaded areas represents 95% confidence intervals.
Climate-associated decline of body condition in a fossorial salamander
<p><strong>Climate-associated decline of body condition in a fossorial salamander</strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract </strong>Temperate ectotherms have responded to recent environmental change, likely due to the direct and indirect effects of temperature on key life-cycle events. Yet, a substantial number of ectotherms are fossorial, spending the vast majority of their lives in subterranean microhabitats that are assumed to be buffered against environmental change. Here we examine whether seasonal climatic conditions influence body condition (a measure of general health and vigor), reproductive output, and breeding phenology in a northern population of fossorial salamander (Spotted Salamander,<em>Ambystoma maculatum</em>). We found that breeding body condition declined over a 12 year monitoring period (2008–2019) with warmer summer and autumn temperatures at least partly responsible for the observed decline in body condition. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that elevated metabolism drives the negative association between temperature and condition. Population-level reproduction, assessed via egg mass counts, showed high interannual variation and was weakly influenced by autumn temperatures. Salamander breeding phenology was strongly correlated with lake ice-melt but showed no long-term temporal trend (1986–2019). Climatic warming in the region, which has been and is forecasted to be strongest in the summer and autumn, is predicted to lead to a 5 to 27% decline in salamander body condition under realistic near-future climate scenarios. Although the subterranean environment offers a thermal buffer, the observed decline in condition and relatively strong effect of summer temperature on body condition suggest that fossorial salamanders are sensitive to the effects of a warming climate. Given the diversity of fossorial taxa, heightened attention to the vulnerability of subterranean microhabitat refugia and their inhabitants is warranted amid global climatic change.</p> <p> </p> <p>The dataset and corresponding R script are split into five parts, consistent with the presentation of Methods/Results in Moldowan et al.</p> <p><strong>Part 1 of 5: Body condition data and analysis files</strong></p> <ul> <li>2008.2019.female.SMI.CONSTANTSVL.csv</li> <li>2008.2019.male.SMI.CONSTANTSVL.csv</li> <li>2009.2019.female.SMI.CONSTANTSVL.csv</li> <li>2009.2019.male.SMI.CONSTANTSVL.csv</li> <li>BodyCondition.TimeSeries.WeightedRegression.csv</li> <li>SMAregression.Female.2009.2019.R</li> <li>SMAregression.Male.2009.2019.R</li> <li>ModelSel.Avrg.Forecast.AutoCor.FemaleBodyCondition.climate.R</li> <li>ModelSel.Avrg.Forecast.AutoCor.MaleBodyCondition.climate.R</li> <li>WeightedRegression.BodyCondition.TimeSeries.R</li> <li>YearEffects-Njal_PDM update (20 March 2021)</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Part 2 of 5: Forecast body condition under climate change files</strong></p> <ul> <li>2009.2019.male.SMI.CONSTANTSVL.csv (as above in Part 1)</li> <li>HeatMap.Forecast.MaleSMI.04 Feb 2021.R</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Part 3 of 5: Reproductive output (egg mass) data and analysis files</strong></p> <ul> <li>2009.2019.EggCount.Climate.csv</li> <li>ReproductiveOutput.climate.R</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Part 4 of 5: Breeding phenology data and analysis files</strong></p> <ul> <li>2008.2019.BreedingPhenology.Climate.csv</li> <li>Opeongo.Two Rivers.Bat.IceOff.csv</li> <li>BreedingPhenology.climate.R</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Part 5 of 5: Temperature dataloggers and salamander metabolic rate estimation files</strong></p> <ul> <li>HOBO_Bat_Lake_Underground_Temperatures.csv</li> <li>WhitfordHutchison1967Data.csv</li> <li>WhitfordHutchison1967DataExplainer.xlsx</li> <li>Metabolic Rate Prediction_PDM, 21 Feb 2021.R</li> </ul> <p> </p>
The delayed effect of climatic conditions on pre-fledging nestling haematocrit in a suboscine species in Patagonia
<p>Haematocrit, the proportion of blood comprising erythrocytes, is often used as a proxy of individual condition. Nestling haematocrit is influenced by several factors, but ambient temperature is generally agreed as a key driver. It is unclear which day(s) in embryonic or nestling development are most influential in determining pre-fledgling haematocrit. This is important, because if we are able to identify what day(s) nestlings are physiologically most vulnerable to climatic conditions, this may inform future conservation management and help mitigate the effects. We investigated the effect of ambient temperature, precipitation, body size, brood size, age, food abundance and habitat on nestling haematocrit in <em>Aphrastura</em> <em>spinicauda</em> (thorn-tailed Rayaditos). We collected this data from two climatically different locations in Chile: Northern Patagonia (Pucón) and Sub-Antarctic Patagonia (Navarino Island), located ~1800 km further south. We aimed to identify the key drivers of nestling haematocrit and find when nestlings are physiologically most vulnerable to climatic conditions. We confirm that ambient temperature is the key driver of nestling haematocrit, with increasing ambient temperatures nestling haematocrit decreased. However, precipitation also affected haematocrit in the late incubation stage. At low and high precipitation, nestling haematocrit was low and is optimal in light rainfall. Our results show a delayed effect of ambient temperature and precipitation in late incubation and on the day of hatching which can determine pre-fledgling haematocrit, which may cause lower post-fledgling fitness. We found that climatic conditions on the day haematocrit was collected were not important in determining haematocrit. We found that haematocrit was higher in the sub-Antarctic area and that higher temperatures and precipitation on the day of hatching will result in lower nestling haematocrit and poorer pre-fledgling condition. As atmospheric temperatures rise, nestling fitness is at risk. This is a threat to many bird species, especially those in locations vulnerable to climate breakdown.</p>
Data from: Signatures of local adaptation in candidate genes of oaks (Quercus spp.) in respect to present and future climatic conditions
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Neutral processes related to regional bee commonness and dispersal distances are important predictors of plant-pollinator networks along gradients of climate and landscape conditions
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The delayed effect of climatic conditions on pre-fledging nestling haematocrit in a suboscine species in Patagonia
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Data from: Climatic conditions and landscape diversity predict plant-bee interactions and pollen deposition in bee-pollinated plants.
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Data from: Translocation of an arctic seashore plant reveals signs of maladaptation to altered climatic conditions
<p>Ongoing anthropogenic climate change alters the local climatic conditions to which species may be adapted. Information on species' climatic requirements and their intraspecific variation is necessary for predicting the effects of climate change on biodiversity. We used a climatic gradient to test whether populations of two allopatric varieties of an arctic seashore herb (<i>Primula nutans</i> ssp. <i>finmarchica</i>) show adaptation to their local climates and how a future warmer climate may affect them. Our experimental set-up combined a reciprocal translocation within the distribution range of the species with an experiment testing the performance of the sampled populations in warmer climatic conditions south of their range. We monitored survival, size, and flowering over four growing seasons as measures of performance and, thus, proxies of fitness. We found that both varieties performed better in experimental gardens towards the north. Interestingly, highest up in the north, the southern variety outperformed the northern one. Supported by weather data, this suggests that the climatic optima of both varieties have moved at least partly outside their current range. Further warming would make the current environments of both varieties even less suitable. We conclude that <i>Primula nutans</i> ssp. <i>finmarchica</i> is already suffering from adaptational lag due to climate change, and that further warming may increase this maladaptation, especially for the northern variety. The study also highlights that it is not sufficient to run only reciprocal translocation experiments. Climate change is already shifting the optimum conditions for many species and adaptation needs also to be tested outside the current range of the focal taxon in order to include both historic conditions and future conditions.</p>
Microbe-induced plant resistance against insect pests depends on timing of inoculation, but is consistent across climatic conditions
<ol> <li>To cope with abiotic and biotic stressors, plants have developed mutualistic associations with beneficial soil microbes, but little is known about how extreme abiotic conditions impact microbe-induce resistance to insect herbivores.</li> <li>Extreme temperatures are often accompanied by extremes in plant water availability, which together reduce plant growth and change plant physiology. There are potential consequences for increasing plant susceptibility to biotic stresses, and this poses a real challenge for plant productivity.</li> <li>We evaluated how the effects of beneficial soil bacteria (<em>Acidovorax radicis </em>N35e) on barley plant growth and resultant resistance against aphid infestation (<em>Sitobion</em> <em>avenae</em>) were impacted by a single heatwave event across a plant water availability gradient. We also tested if timing of bacterial inoculation (before or after the temperature treatment) affected bacteria-plant interactions on aphids.</li> <li>We found that heatwaves affected plant biomass allocation from aboveground to belowground tissues. Inoculation with <em>A. radicis</em> led to reduction of aphid numbers, but depended on timing of inoculation, and led to stronger resistance when inoculations occurred closer to aphid infestation. Remarkably, microbe-induced resistance against aphids was consistent across heatwave and water availability treatments.</li> <li>This study provides evidence that beneficial plant-bacteria interactions may represent a potential solution for sustainable agricultural practices to enhance plant growth and response to insect pests under climate change. Future field trials should investigate the consistency of beneficial effects reported here for a better understanding of multispecies interactions in the context of global change.</li> </ol>
The potential range of Agrilus planipennis according to current and future climate conditions
<p>This dataset is associated to the following reference:</p> <p>Jean-Pierre Rossi, Raphaëlle Mouttet, Pascal Rousse and Jean-Claude Streito<sup> </sup>(2024) Modelling the potential range of <em>Agrilus planipennis</em> in Europe according to current and future climate conditions. In press. Trees, Forests and People. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100559</p> <p>The files correspond to rasters saved as geotiff files. They can be used in geographical information systems.</p> <p><strong>Current climate conditions: 2001-2018. The maps correspond to the whole world.</strong></p> <p>CS_2001-2018_Bart.tif</p> <p>Climate suitability for Agrilus planipennis modelled using the BART algorithm and the reference conditions (2001-2018). The climate suitability ranges from 0 (unsuitable) to 1 (suitable).</p> <p>CS_2001-2018_Brt.tif</p> <p>Climate suitability for Agrilus planipennis modelled using the BRT algorithm and the reference conditions (2001-2018). The climate suitability ranges from 0 (unsuitable) to 1 (suitable).</p> <p>CS_2001-2018_Rf.tif</p> <p>Climate suitability for Agrilus planipennis modelled using the RF algorithm and the reference conditions (2001-2018). The climate suitability ranges from 0 (unsuitable) to 1 (suitable).</p> <p>CS_2001-2018_Bart_pres_abs.tif</p> <p>Reclassified climate suitability maps for Agrilus planipennis modelled using the algorithm BART and the reference conditions (2001-2018). The raster contains 2 classes: suitable conditions (raster value = 1) and unsuitable conditions (raster value = 0).</p> <p>CS_2001-2018_Brt_pres_abs.tif</p> <p>Reclassified climate suitability maps for Agrilus planipennis modelled using the algorithm BRT and the reference conditions (2001-2018). The raster contains 2 classes: suitable conditions (raster value = 1) and unsuitable conditions (raster value = 0).</p> <p>CS_2001-2018_Rf_pres_abs.tif</p> <p>Reclassified climate suitability maps for Agrilus planipennis modelled using the algorithm RF and the reference conditions (2001-2018). The raster contains 2 classes: suitable conditions (raster value = 1) and unsuitable conditions (raster value = 0).</p> <p>CS_2001-2018_committee.tif</p> <p>Map showing the percentage of algorithms indicating suitable climate conditions for Agrilus planipennis. The algorithms (BART, BRT and RF) are projected using the current climate conditions (2001-2018).</p> <p><strong>Future climate conditions: 2041-2060. The maps correspond to Europe.</strong></p> <p> CS_2041-2060_SSP1-2.6_committee.tif</p> <p>Map showing the percentage of algorithms indicating suitable climate conditions for Agrilus planipennis. The algorithms (BART, BRT and RF) are projected using the climate data associated with 11 GCMs for the period 2041-2060 and the SSP1-2.6.</p> <p> CS_2041-2060_SSP2-4.5_committee.tif</p> <p>Map showing the percentage of algorithms indicating suitable climate conditions for Agrilus planipennis. The algorithms (BART, BRT and RF) are projected using the climate data associated with 11 GCMs for the period 2041-2060 and the SSP2-4.5.</p> <p> CS_2041-2060_SSP3-7.0_committee.tif</p> <p>Map showing the percentage of algorithms indicating suitable climate conditions for Agrilus planipennis. The algorithms (BART, BRT and RF) are projected using the climate data associated with 11 GCMs for the period 2041-2060 and the SSP3-7.0.</p> <p> CS_2041-2060_SSP5-8.5_committee.tif</p> <p>Map showing the percentage of algorithms indicating suitable climate conditions for Agrilus planipennis. The algorithms (BART, BRT and RF) are projected using the climate data associated with 11 GCMs for the period 2041-2060 and the SSP5-8.5.</p> <p> </p> <p>BART: Bayesian Additive Regression Trees</p> <p>BRT: Boosted Regression Trees</p> <p>RF: Random Forest</p>
Climatic conditions and functional traits affect spider diets in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats worldwide
<p>Spiders are dominant predators in terrestrial ecosystems and feed on prey from the herbivore and detritivore subsystem (dual subsystem omnivory) as well as on other predators (intraguild predation). Little is known about how global change potentially affects the importance of different prey groups in predator diets. In this meta-analysis we identify the impact of climatic conditions, land-use types and functional traits of spider species on the relative importance of Hemiptera, Araneae and Collembola prey in spider diets. We use a dataset including 78 publications with 149 observational records of the diet composition of 96 spider species in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats in 24 countries worldwide. The importance of Hemiptera prey was not affected by climatic conditions and was particularily high in smaller spider species in agricultural habitats. Araneae prey was most important for actively hunting, larger spider species in non-agricultural habitats. Collembola prey was most important for small, actively hunting spider species in regions with higher temperature seasonality. Spider species with a higher importance of Araneae prey for their diet also had higher importances of Collembola and lower importances of Hemiptera prey. Future increases of temperature seasonality predicted for several regions worldwide may go along with an increasing importance of Collembola prey which also related to a higher importance of intraguild prey here. Two global change drivers predicted for many regions of the world (increasing climatic seasonality and ongoing conversion of non-agricultural to agricultural land) both hold the potential to increase the importance of Collembola prey in spider diets. The importance of Hemiptera and Araneae prey may however show contrasting responses to these two drivers. These complex potential effects of global change components and their impact on functional traits in spider communities highlight the importance to simultaneously consider multiple drivers of global change to better understand future predator-prey interactions.</p>
Re-assessment of the climatic controls on the carbon and water fluxes of a boreal aspen forest over 1996-2016: changing sensitivity to long-term climatic conditions
<p>Recent evidence suggests that the relationships between climate and boreal tree growth are generally non-stationary; however, it remains uncertain whether the relationships between climate and carbon (C) fluxes of boreal forests are stationary or have changed over recent decades. In this study, we used continuous eddy-covariance and microclimate data over 21 years (1996-2016) from a 100-year-old trembling aspen stand in central Saskatchewan, Canada to assess the relationships between climate and ecosystem C and water fluxes. Over the study period, the most striking climatic event was a severe, 3-year drought (2001-2003). Gross ecosystem production (GEP) showed larger interannual variability than ecosystem respiration (<em>R</em><sub>e</sub>) over 1996-2016, but <em>R</em><sub>e</sub> was the dominant component contributing to the interannual variation in net ecosystem production (NEP) during post-drought years. The inter-annual variations in evapotranspiration (ET) and C fluxes were primarily driven by temperature and secondarily by water availability. Two-factor linear models combining precipitation and temperature performed well in explaining the inter-annual variation in C and water fluxes (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup>>0.5). The temperature dependence of all three C fluxes (NEP, GEP and <em>R</em><sub>e</sub>) declined over 1996-2015 (<em>p</em><0.05), and as a result, the phenological controls on annual NEP weakened. The decreasing temperature sensitivity of the C fluxes over 1996-2015 may reflect changes in forest structure, related to the over-maturity of the aspen stand at 100-years of age and exacerbated by high tree mortality following the severe 2001-2003 drought. These results may provide an early warning signal of driver shift or even an abrupt status shift of aspen forest dynamics. They may also imply a universal weakening in the relationship between temperature and GEP as forests become over-mature, associated with the structural and compositional changes that accompany forest ageing.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.