Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
150
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
150 results for “climate extreme”
Fig. 3 in Adaptations, life-history traits and ecological mechanisms of parasites to survive extremes and environmental unpredictability in the face of climate change
Fig. 3. Flow chart outlining factors that can influence the response of parasites to climate change.
Extreme Climate Risks and Financial Tipping Points
<p>This repository contains the data and the source code for the simulations and figures of the article.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Designing climate change policies requires considering the feedback loops between mitigation and adaptation, since more mitigation efforts today will trigger lower adaptation costs. In this framework, carbon taxes are often seen as promising tools but at the risk of financially overburdening the private sector, depriving it of important economic resources. However, analyzing the financial feasibility of mitigation-adaptation policies using conventional Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) is limited, as they do not simultaneously endogenize economic growth, emissions, and damages.</p> <p>Here, we present IDEE (Integrated Dynamic Environment-Economic), a new IAM based on the coupling of an Earth Model of Intermediate Complexity and a non-linear macroeconomic model in continuous time. Then, we analyze the simultaneous effects of carbon taxes and public spending, both on climate and on the world economy. We show that, above a warming about +2.3°C, damages drastically foster the need for additional investments in productive capital—an adaptation necessity—that potentially leads private firms to a debt overhang and a worldwide cascade of defaults. This suggests that the Paris Agreement target should not only be motivated by the climatic non-linearities and tipping points arising beyond the +2°C threshold, but also by the emergence of financial tipping points. We also show that, provided public subsidies are high enough, a tax of usd 300 per tCO<sub>2</sub>e by 2030 enables reaching net-zero emissions in 2050, preventing firms from suffering global bankruptcy.</p> <p>We anticipate IDEE to be a starting point for a new class of IAMs that better represent the reciprocal feedback loops between the environment and the economy.</p>
Morphed extreme weather data for Vantaa and Sodankylä under RCP climate change scenarios by 2030, 2050 and 2080
<p>Morphed extreme weather data for 2 Finnish locations: Vantaa and Sodankylä. Created for "Near-, medium- and long-term impacts of climate change on the thermal energy consumption of buildings in Finland under RCP climate scenarios" publication (<a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131636" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131636</span></a>). Used climate change scenarios are RPC2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Data is created for 2030, 2050 and 2080 and includes 6 extreme weather scenarios: </p> <ul> <li>W1 - Winter with high heating demand</li> <li>W2 - Winter with low heating demand</li> <li>W3 - Winter with the coldest individual day by average temperature</li> <li>S1 - Summer with the lowest cooling demand</li> <li>S2 - Summer with the highest heating demand</li> <li>S3 - Summer with the warmest individual day by average temperature</li> </ul> <p>Selected years and the procedure for their selection are described in <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131636" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131636</span></a>.</p> <p>Original weather data is downloaded for the selected years from Finnish Meteorological Institute's Open data repository: https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/havaintojen-lataus under CC BY 4.0 licence.</p> <p>Future change in climate is based on Finnish Meteorological Institute's data used in creating Test Reference Year weather files (<a href="https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/energialaskenta-try2020">https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/energialaskenta-try2020</a>) for which the climate change data is presented by Ruosteenoja et al. (2016).</p> <p>The data is statistically downscaled through a method called morphing created by Belcher et al. (2005) with some parts using methods from Räisänen & Räty (2013) and Jylhä et al, (2015). Morphing was computationally conducted through created software <a href="https://github.com/japulk/Weather-Morphing-Tool">https://github.com/japulk/Weather-Morphing-Tool</a> For additional information please refer to <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131636">original article</a> or contact the authors.</p> <p> </p>
Urban resilience to extreme natural events and climate change: from Brasil to Europe
<p>Originally published at this link: <a href="https://www.iai.it/en/eventi/urban-resilience-extreme-natural-events-and-climate-change-brasil-europe">Urban resilience to extreme natural events and climate change: from Brasil to Europe | IAI Istituto Affari Internazionali</a></p> <p>The workshop will discuss best practices and innovative methodologies for urban resilience building to extreme natural events and climate change. The focus will be on participatory processes and citizen engagement practices, looking in particular at their relevance for physically and socially vulnerable urban areas. The event is designed as a knowledge-sharing opportunity for cities and will include the participation of researchers and experts working on the field with municipalities.</p> <p>The project “Waterproofing Data: Engaging Stakeholders in Sustainable Flood Risk Governance for Urban Resilience” will be discussed as a successful case study, focusing on data co-production practices and the role of digital tools. The project has been implemented in several Brazilian cities to build resilience to flooding in vulnerable communities by engaging citizens in data generation processes critical to design effective early-warning systems and strategies to reduce the risk of flood-related events. Professor João Porto De Albuquerque (University of Glasgow, UK) and Professor Maria Alexandra Viegas da Cunha (Fundação Getulio Vargas, São Paolo, Brasil) will illustrate the results of Waterproofing Data project and its innovative methodology, discussing opportunities for its implementation in cities both in Brasil and Europe and application to a broad spectrum of extreme events, from flooding to heatwaves and drought.</p>
Data from: Can extreme climatic events induce shifts in adaptive potential? A conceptual framework and empirical test with Anolis lizards
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Australia’s Tinderbox Drought: An extreme natural event likely worsened by human-caused climate change
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Comparing climatic suitability and niche distances to explain populations responses to extreme climatic events
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Grassland restoration drives strong multitrophic biodiversity recovery, but climate extremes jeopardize drought-sensitive species
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Projected increases in exposure to climate extremes across global vertebrate diversity hotspots
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
When resilience is not enough: 2022 extreme marine heatwave threatens climatic refugia for a habitat-forming Mediterranean octocoral
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Ecological forecasts for marine resource management during climate extremes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Climate extreme Index (CEI) Values for six continents.
Drought duration was surprisingly limned as the trenchant environmental factor concerning phenophase shift. The yield increase rate was higher in America and Australia than in other continents. The study recommends redesigning regional integration between crop-livestock-forestry systems and constructing local water reservoirs for better adaptability of crops toward SSCT. Moreover, the results have implications for agroforestry systems to use wind barriers not only as an anti-errant but also as SSCT-protectant. Therefore, we recommend the integration of the least water-absorbing, native horticultural trees along with the maize crop to protect plants from extreme temperature fluctuations and to protect soil erosion against extreme precipitation and wind.
High-resolution climate model output for selected extreme precipitation events in Cyprus
<p>This dataset consists of high-resolution model output for selected past and future extreme precipitation events for Cyprus. It was generated in the framework of the BINGO Research Project (http://www.projectbingo.eu/) . BINGO has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme, under Grant Agreement number 641739. More details about the dataset and the design of the simulations in:</p> <p>G. Zittis, A. Bruggeman, C. Camera, P. Hadjinicolaou, J. Lelieveld,<br> The added value of convection permitting simulations of extreme precipitation events over the eastern Mediterranean,<br> Atmospheric Research, Volume 191, 2017, Pages 20-33, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169809516307153</p>
Data from: Extreme insolation: climatic variation shapes the evolution of thermal tolerance at multiple scales
The climatic variability hypothesis (CVH) is a cornerstone of thermal ecology, predicting the evolution of wider organismal thermal tolerance ranges in more thermally variable environments. Thermal tolerance ranges depend on both upper and lower tolerance limits (critical thermal maxima [CTmax] and critical thermal minima [CTmin]), which may show different responses to environmental gradients. To delineate the relative effects of mean and extreme temperatures on thermal tolerances, we conducted a within-latitude comparative test of CVH predictions for army ants (Dorylinae) at multiple scales: across elevations, in seasonal versus aseasonal forests, and in subterranean versus surface microhabitats. Consistent with the CVH, thermally buffered subterranean species had narrower thermal tolerance ranges. Both CTmin and CTmax decreased with elevation for subterranean species. In contrast, aboveground species (those exposed to insolation) showed a decrease in CTmin but no change in CTmax across elevations. Furthermore, greater seasonal temperature variation in dry forests correlated with increased CTmax but not CTmin. These patterns suggest that CTmax and CTmin respond to different abiotic selective forces: habitat-specific exposure to extreme insolation corresponds to CTmax differences but not to CTmin variation. We predict that increasingly frequent heat spikes associated with climate change will have habitat-specific physiological consequences for ectothermic animals. Models predicting climate change impacts should account for species microhabitat uses and within-latitude differences in temperature seasonality.
Data from: Variable effects of climate on forest growth in relation to climate extremes, disturbance, and forest dynamics
Changes in the frequency, duration, and severity of climate extremes are forecast to occur under global climate change. The impacts of climate extremes on forest productivity and health remain difficult to predict due to potential interactions with disturbance events and forest dynamics—changes in forest stand composition, density, size and age structure over time. Such interactions may lead to non-linear forest growth responses to climate involving thresholds and lag effects. Understanding how forest dynamics influence growth responses to climate is particularly important given stand structure and composition can be modified through management to increase forest resistance and resilience to climate change. To inform such adaptive management, we develop a hierarchical Bayesian state space model in which climate effects on tree growth are allowed to vary over time and in relation to past climate extremes, disturbance events, and forest dynamics. The model is an important step toward integrating disturbance and forest dynamics into predictions of forest growth responses to climate extremes. We apply the model to a dendrochronology data set from forest stands of varying composition, structure, and development stage in northeastern Minnesota that have experienced extreme climate years and forest tent caterpillar defoliation events. Mean forest growth was most sensitive to water balance variables representing climatic water deficit. Forest growth responses to water deficit were partitioned into responses driven by climatic threshold exceedances and interactions with insect defoliation. Forest growth was both resistant and resilient to climate extremes with the majority of forest growth responses occurring after multiple climatic threshold exceedances across seasons and years. Interactions between climate and disturbance were observed in a subset of years with insect defoliation increasing forest growth sensitivity to water availability. Forest growth was particularly sensitive to climate extremes during periods of high stem density following major regeneration events when average inter-tree competition was high. Results suggest the resistance and resilience of forest growth to climate extremes can be increased through management steps such as thinning to reduce competition during early stages of stand development and small-group selection harvests to maintain forest structures characteristic of older, mature stands.
Data from: Long-term climate and competition explain forest mortality patterns under extreme drought
Rising temperatures are amplifying drought-induced stress and mortality in forests globally. It remains uncertain, however, whether tree mortality across drought-stricken landscapes will be concentrated in particular climatic and competitive environments. We investigated the effects of long-term average climate [i.e. 35-year mean annual climatic water deficit (CWD)] and competition (i.e. tree basal area) on tree mortality patterns, using extensive aerial mortality surveys conducted throughout the forests of California during a 4-year statewide extreme drought lasting from 2012 to 2015. During this period, tree mortality increased by an order of magnitude, typically from tens to hundreds of dead trees per km2, rising dramatically during the fourth year of drought. Mortality rates increased independently with average CWD and with basal area, and they increased disproportionately in areas that were both dry and dense. These results can assist forest managers and policy-makers in identifying the most drought-vulnerable forests across broad geographic areas.
Data from: Impacts of rainfall extremes predicted by climate-change models on major trophic groups in the leaf-litter arthropod community
1. Arthropods in the leaf-litter layer of forest soils influence ecosystem processes such as decomposition. Climate-change models predict both increases and decreases in average rainfall. Increased drought may have greater impacts on the litter arthropod community. In addition to affecting survival or behavior of desiccation-sensitive species, lower rainfall may indirectly lower abundances of consumers that graze drought-stressed fungi, with repercussions for higher trophic levels. 2. We tested the hypothesis that trophic structure will differ between the two rainfall scenarios. In particular, we hypothesized that densities of several broadly defined trophic groupings of arthropods would be lower under reduced rainfall. 3. To test this hypothesis we used sprinklers to impose two rainfall treatments during three growing seasons in roofed, fenced 14-m2 plots; and documented changes in abundance from initial, pre-treatment densities of 39 arthropod taxa. Experimental plots were subjected to either LOW (fortnightly) or HIGH (weekly) average rainfall based upon climate models and the previous 100 years of regional weekly averages. Unroofed open plots, our reference treatment (REF), experienced higher-than-average rainfall during the experiment. 4. The two rainfall extremes produced clear negative effects of lowered rainfall on major trophic groups. Broad categories of fungivores, detritivores and predators were more abundant in HIGH than LOW plots by the final year. Springtails (Collembola), which graze fungal hyphae, were 3x more abundant in the HIGH-rainfall treatment. Taxa of larger-bodied fungivores and detritivores, spiders (Araneae), and non-spider predators were 2x more abundant under HIGH rainfall. Densities of mites (Acari), which include fungivores, detritivores and predators, were 1.5x greater in HIGH rainfall plots. Abundances and community structure of arthropods were similar in REF and experimental plots, showing that effects of rainfall uncovered in the experiment are applicable to nature. 5. This pattern suggests that changes in rainfall will alter bottom-up control processes in a critical detritus-based food web of deciduous forests. Our results, in conjunction with other findings on the impact of desiccation on arthropods and fungal growth, suggest that drier conditions will depress densities of fungal consumers, causing declines in higher trophic levels, with possible impacts on soil processes and the larger forest food web.
Recent increases in annual, seasonal, and extreme methane fluxes driven by changes in climate and vegetation in boreal and temperate wetland ecosystems
<p>Files (input and output) for the publication <em>Recent increases in annual, seasonal, and extreme methane fluxes driven by changes in climate and vegetation in boreal and temperate wetland ecosystems</em></p> <p> </p>
Supplementary data for "Increasing risks of extreme salt intrusion events across European estuaries in a warming climate", published in Communications Earth & Environment
<p>This data repository contains python scripts and post-processed climate model and salt intrusion length data to reproduce figures in the paper below.</p> <p>====================</p> <p>Title: Increasing risks of extreme salt intrusion events across European estuaries in a warming climate (<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01225-w">Link to the full paper</a>)</p> <p>Author: Jiyong Lee, Bouke Biemond, Huib de Swart, and Henk A. Dijkstra</p> <p>Journal: Communications Earth & Environment</p> <p>Year: 2024</p> <p>Publisher: Nature</p> <p>====================</p>
Climate characteristics and trends of extreme daily precipitation events associated with cold fronts in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil
<p>Data used in the paper "Climate characteristics and trends of extreme daily precipitation events associated with cold fronts in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil" from Theoretical and Applied Climatology</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.