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opencc-zeroJul 2021View details →

Multiple-model stock assessment frameworks for precautionary management and conservation on fishery-targeted coastal dolphin populations off Japan

1. Stock assessment approaches are often oversimplified due to lack of biological knowledge and insufficient data. In spite of worldwide attention, fishery-targeted coastal dolphin species in Japan have lacked in-depth quantitative stock assessments because of limited time-series of population size and an absence of associated biological information. We consequently developed integrated population models that analyzed multiple sources of data simultaneously with published biological information within a Bayesian framework. 2. We estimate population status and trends for three main species targeted by fisheries, bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, Risso's dolphins Grampus griseus, and short-finned pilot whales Globicephala macrorhynchus, using single-species age-aggregated and age-structured population dynamics models. Models were fit to absolute abundance estimates from systematic line-transect surveys, four series of abundance indices calculated from fisher's logbooks, and historical catch records. Published biological information was used to develop prior distributions for the biological parameters. We assessed the possible effects of ecological disturbance and competition using state-space and multispecies models. 3. The multispecies model was selected by the model selection both for the age-aggregated and the age-structured approaches. 4. Single-species assessments found that population size declined 4.2% (Risso's dolphin) to 8.0% (bottlenose dolphin) for three species since the late 1800s based on median posterior values, while the state-space and multispecies models found that environmental disturbance and an interaction among species could have reduced population size more substantially. 5. 'Policy implications' Simple single-species models are often used to provide conservation and management advice for wild animals but, in this case, results from such models are overly optimistic because they overlook important ecological process. In contrast, current population status could be less favorable if environmental disturbance and interspecific competition actually control population dynamics. Even if that is not the case, considering ecological process in the model will provide more precautionary ways. Our approach of combining multiple modelling frameworks is applicable to many other management systems, and offers increased confidence in estimated status and trends over assessments that consider only a single model.

zenodo36/100

Conserved Forest on Sandy Coastal Plain, Saquarema/RJ - Datasets and Phytosociological analyses

Esses dados brutos foram coletados entre 1993/1994 por Cyl Farney C de Sá & Dorothy S.Dunn de Araujo na parte conservada da floresta de restinga da Reserva Ecológica Estadual de Jacarepiá, Saquarema/RJ. Parcelas 10 x10m foram subdivididas em 4 blocos de 5 x 5 m  e foram alocadas obedecendo linhas abertas em trilhas para estudo da área através do método de Ponto Quadrantes. O critério de inclusão foi DAP ≥ 2,5 cm, sendo que as medidas tomada em campo foram coletadas em circunferência (CAP ≥ 8cm). As alturas foram estimadas. As circunferências, inclusive de múltiplos troncos, foram medidas a 1,30m de altura do solo. Material identificado no Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (Herbário RB). As análises fitossociológicas foram realizadas em Excel. Todos os parâmetros absolutos e relativos estão apresentados. Os dados foram cedidos a Bárbara de Pinho Agapito para uso em sua Dissertação de Mestrado na Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical (ENBT) para comparação entre áreas (perturbaada x conservada) dessa mesma floresta.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Data from: A wide megafauna gap undermines China's expanding coastal ecosystem conservation

To fulfill sustainable development goals, many countries are expanding efforts to conserve ecologically and societally critical coastal ecosystems. Although megafauna profoundly impact the functioning of ecosystems, they are neglected as a key component in the conservation scheme for coastal ecosystems in many geographic contexts. Here, we reveal a rich diversity of extant megafauna associated with all major types of coastal ecosystems in China, including 218 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, cephalopods and fishes across terrestrial and marine environments. However, 44% of these species are globally threatened and 78% have not yet been assessed in China for extinction risk. More worrisome, 73% of these megafauna have not been designated as nationally protected species, and <10% of their most important habitats are protected. Filling this wide "megafauna gap" in China, and globally, would be a leading step as humanity strives to thrive with coastal ecosystems.

publicAug 2018View details →

Data from: Patterns of biodiverse, understudied groups do not mirror those of the surrogate groups that set conservation priorities: a case study from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of eastern North America

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publicJan 2020View details →

Understanding the fate of shrimp aquaculture effluent in a mangrove ecosystem: aiding management for coastal conservation

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publicJan 2024View details →

Data from: A wide megafauna gap undermines China’s expanding coastal ecosystem conservation

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publicJul 2021View details →

Multiple-model stock assessment frameworks for precautionary management and conservation on fishery-targeted coastal dolphin populations off Japan

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Data from: Conservation genetics of Australasian sailfin lizards: flagship species threatened by coastal development and insufficient protected area coverage

Despite rampant coastal development throughout Southeast Asia and the Pacific, studies of conservation genetics and ecology of vulnerable, coastal species are rare. Large bodied vertebrates with highly specialized habitat requirements may be at particular risk of extinction due to habitat degradation and fragmentation, especially if these habitats are naturally patchily distributed, marginal, or otherwise geographically limited, or associated in space with high human population densities or heavy anthropogenic disturbance. Particularly telling examples of these conservation challenges are large Australasian reptiles with obligate habitat requirements for lowland, coastal and mangrove forests. Plagued by habitat destruction due to high human densities along coastlines, sprawling rural development, and rapidly developing estuarine fisheries industry, coastal forest reptiles are experiencing rapid declines. And yet studies of population biology, genetics, and habitat requirements of species depending on these environments are few. We undertook the present study in order to take a multifaceted approach to understanding a poignant conservation problem. We identify significant evolutionary units for conservation in large-bodied Sailfin Lizards (genus Hydrosaurus), model suitable habitat in the Philippines from extensive occurrence data and evaluate the efficacy of the current protected area network, and identify the source of hydrosaurs in the illegal pet trade. We determine that the extent of the species' habitat coincident with protected areas is low. Our forensic evaluation of the illegal pet trade in the Philippines determines the existence of a natural population that is at risk of systematic exploitation by traders. Together, this integrative study characterizes a conservation urgency of particular significance: the genetically distinct Sailfin lizards of the Bicol faunal region, with suitable habitat virtually unprotected, and clear evidence of heavy exploitation for illegal trade. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first conservation genetic study to evaluate the potential effectiveness of the protected landscape coverage in the Philippines, a Megadiverse nation and Biodiversity Hotspot.

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2022View details →

The benefits of coastal adaptation through conservation of foreshore vegetation Supplementary data

This data consists of the first global scale assessment of the benefits of conserving foreshore vegetation as a means of adaptation to future projections of change in coastal flood risk. In doing so, we extend the current knowledge on the economic feasibility of implementing global scale Nature-based Solutions. We show that globally foreshore vegetation can contribute to a large decrease in both absolute and relative flood risk (13% of present-day, and 8.5% of future conditions in 2080 of global flood risk). Although the analysis of the results give a first proxy of the flood risk reduction benefits of conserving foreshore vegetation at the global scale, it shows promising results for including nature-based and hybrid adaptation measures in coastal adaptation schemes.

dryad32/100

Data from: Identifying conservation priorities for gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters with multiple methods including citizen science and social media content analysis

<div> <div> <div> <div> Gorgonian forests are among the most complex of subtidal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea, supporting high biodiversity and providing diverse ecosystem services. Despite their iconic status, the geographical distribution and condition of gorgonian species is poorly known. Using multiple online data sources, our primary aims were to compile, map and analyse observations of gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters to assess the biological complexity of gorgonian forests; evaluate impacts and vulnerable species, and identify areas of special interest inside and outside of existing MPAs to help prioritise conservation strategies and actions. </div> </div> </div> </div>

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

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Hotspots within a hotspot: Evolutionary measures unveil interesting biogeogeographic patterns for the conservation of the coastal forest in Chile

Aim: Given the continuous loss of biodiversity, there is an urgent need to study its patterns to generate conservation measures. Complementing the traditional patterns with indices that incorporate evolutionary aspects such as phylogenetic diversity or phylogenetic endemism (PD and PE) allows us to infer possible historical processes that could explain the conformation of current biodiversity. Coastal forests in Chile are part of a biodiversity hotspot of high endemism that is under threat. In this study, patterns of richness and endemism were determined and contrasted with the evolutionary indices PD, PE, PDres (residual PD), RPD (relative PD), and RPE (relative PE) to infer historical processes that could have shaped the current diversity patterns. We also compared these indices at different taxonomic levels. Location: Thirteen sites on a latitudinal gradient between 30°S and 40°S that are part of the Chilean Coastal mountain range. Taxon: Woody flora at the species level. Methods: DNA was extracted and three genes were sequenced for 95% of the species. A phylogeny was constructed to calculate evolutionary indices based on PD and PE and compared at different taxonomic levels. Results: The results of PD and PE were spatially consistent with those of richness and endemism, but evolutionarily important sites were discovered. PD-derived indices indicate three evolutionary hotspots, a cradle-type site with a predominance of neoendemisms (generating recent diversity) at 33°S, two museum-type sites with a predominance of paleoendemisms (maintaining relict diversity) at 30°S and 40°S and the last one with high PD and PE at 37°. Main conclusion: We found interesting evolutionary hotspots within the hotspot of Central Chile with different characteristics. Incorporating measures that consider the evolutionary aspect has important implications for the conservation of highly diverse and endemic areas.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

opennotspecifiedMar 2013View details →

Distribution. SE coastal Madagascar, it occurs from Mandena Conservation Zone and the vicinity of Andohahela National Park, extending N, but how far is not known; it is not known where the hybrid zone begins and ends. in Lemuridae

Distribution. SE coastal Madagascar, it occurs from Mandena Conservation Zone and the vicinity of Andohahela National Park, extending N, but how far is not known; it is not known where the hybrid zone begins and ends.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Data from: Unveiling the landscape predictors of resilient vegetation in coastal wetlands to inform conservation in the face of climate extremes

<div> Unveiling spatial variation in vegetation resilience to climate extremes can inform effective conservation planning under climate change. Although many conservation efforts are implemented on landscape scales, they often remain blind to landscape variation in vegetation resilience. We explored the distribution of drought-resilient vegetation (i.e., vegetation that could withstand and quickly recover from drought) and its predictors across a heterogeneous coastal landscape under long-term wetland conversion, through a series of high-resolution satellite image interpretations, spatial analyses, and nonlinear modelling. We found that vegetation varied greatly in drought resilience across the coastal wetland landscape and that drought-resilient vegetation could be predicted with distances to coastline and tidal channel. Specifically, drought-resilient vegetation exhibited a nearly bimodal distribution and had a seaward optimum at ~2 km from coastline (corresponding to an inundation frequency of ~30%), a pattern particularly pronounced in areas further away from tidal channels. Furthermore, we found that areas with drought-resilient vegetation were more likely to be eliminated by wetland conversion. Even in protected areas where wetland conversion was slowed, drought-resilient vegetation was increasingly lost to wetland conversion at its landward optimum in combination with rapid plant invasions at its seaward optimum. Our study highlights that the distribution of drought-resilient vegetation can be predicted using landscape features but without incorporating this predictive understanding, conservation efforts may risk failing in the face of climate extremes.   This ZIP file contains the following datasets and code for the above paper: 1. data_cheng_et_al_GCB_2024.zip  This file contain a total of three files. (1)   analys_grid_50_m.shp  This file is a shapefile for the 50-by-50 m grid cells analyzed in the focal study area and their IDs. (2)   veg_change.shp  This file contains the spatial distribution of vegetation before and after the 2011 drought.                      Variable list:                     change: Changes of vegetation after the 2011 drought.                     vegBefore: Distribution of vegetation before the drought.                     vegAfter: Distribution of vegetation after the drought. (3)   tidalchannel.shp  This file contains manually digitized tidal channels (and water surfaces). 2. gridfeatures.xlsx  This file contains data on the landscape features of each analysis grid. 3. analyses.R  This file contains the R code used for data analysis. </div>

Figure 1 in The conservation paradox of an introduced population of a threatened species: spadefoot toads in the coastal dunes of the Netherlands

Figure 1. Sampling sites of the common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus). The main map shows localities sampled outside and the inset localities sampled inside the Netherlands (see main text for details). A rough outline of the natural distribution range in the Netherlands is shaded grey. Localities that contain haplotypes found in the Netherlands are colour coded; otherwise they are left grey (FUS stands for P. fuscus). Sampling details are in supplementary table S1.

Figure 4 in The introduction of three cryptic tree frog species in the Dutch coastal dunes challenges conservation paradigms

Figure 4. Majority rule consensus phylogenetic tree resulting from Bayesian inference for Hyla orientalis haplotypes. Grey branches indicate the backbone phylogeny with representatives for each Western Palearctic Hyla species; the relatively distinct H. meridionalis and H. carthaginiensis were used as outgroup and are not shown. The pink haplotype is newly identified in the Netherlands; black haplotypes have not been reported in the Netherlands. Haplotype labels correspond to supplementary table S1.

Figure 2 in The introduction of three cryptic tree frog species in the Dutch coastal dunes challenges conservation paradigms

Figure 2. Majority rule consensus tree resulting from Bayesian inference to allocate new Hyla haplotypes to species. Grey branches indicate the backbone phylogeny with representatives for each Western Palearctic Hyla species; the relatively distinct H. meridionalis and H. carthaginiensis were used as outgroup and are not shown. New haplotypes are coloured blue (H. arborea) or pink (H. orientalis). Haplotype labels correspond to supplementary table S1.

Figure 1 in The introduction of three cryptic tree frog species in the Dutch coastal dunes challenges conservation paradigms

Figure 1. Map of the Netherlands showing sampled localities for Hyla tree frogs. A rough outline of the natural tree frog distribution range is shaded grey. Pies are sampled localities. Pie slices are coloured according to haplotype and pie sizes reflect sample sizes. Previously identified haplotypes are labelled 'old' and those newly identified in this study 'new'. The five populations introduced in the coastal dunes are labelled with the (approximate) date of appearance. Sampling details are in supplementary table S1.

Figure 3 in The conservation paradox of an introduced population of a threatened species: spadefoot toads in the coastal dunes of the Netherlands

Figure 3. Haplotype network for the common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) Haplotypes relevant to the current study are colour coded; the remainder is left grey (details in supplementary table S1). The prefix 'FUS' is not shown for the haplotype codes.

Figure 3 in The introduction of three cryptic tree frog species in the Dutch coastal dunes challenges conservation paradigms

Figure 3. Majority rule consensus phylogenetic tree resulting from Bayesian inference for Hyla arborea haplotypes. Grey branches indicate the backbone phylogeny with representatives for each Western Palearctic Hyla species; the relatively distinct H. meridionalis and H. carthaginiensis were used as outgroup and are not shown. Blue haplotypes are newly identified and orange haplotypes were previously reported haplotypes in the Netherlands; black haplotypes have not been reported in the Netherlands. Haplotype labels correspond to supplementary table S1.

Figure 2 in The conservation paradox of an introduced population of a threatened species: spadefoot toads in the coastal dunes of the Netherlands

Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree for common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) and Pallas's spadefoot toad (P. vespertinus). Haplotypes relevant to the current study are colour coded; the remainder is left grey (details in Table S1). Haplotype abbreviations are: FUS = P. fuscus, VES = P. vespertinus, BAL = P. balcanicus, SYR = P. syriacus, CUL = P. cultripes, and VAR = P. varaldii.