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87 results for “community science”

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zenodo36/100

(Dataset) Similarity in Consumption Patterns among Peasant Communities in Roman Central Hispania through Network Science

Dataset and R script for the Brainerd-Robinson similarity analyses and dataset of the paper Similarity in Consumption Patterns among Peasant Communities in Roman Central Hispania through Network Science. Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Community-science reveals delayed fall migration of waterfowl and spatiotemporal effects of a changing climate

Climate change has well-documented, yet variable, influences on the annual movements of migratory birds. The effects of climate change on fall migration remains understudied compared to spring, but appears to be less consistent among species, regions, and years. Changes in the pattern and timing of waterfowl migration in particular may result in cascading effects on ecosystem function, and socioeconomic and cultural outcomes. We investigated changes in the migration of 15 waterfowl species along a major flyway corridor of continental importance in northeastern North America using 43 years of community-science data. We built spatially- and temporally-explicit hierarchical generative additive models for each species and demonstrated that climate, specifically the interaction between minimum temperature and precipitation, significantly influences migration phenology for most species. Certain species' migratory movements responded to specific temperature thresholds (climate migrants) and others reacted more to the interaction of temperature and precipitation (extreme event migrants). There are already significant changes in the fall migration phenology of common waterfowl species with high ecological and economic importance, which may simply increase in the context of a changing climate. If not addressed, climate change could induce mismatches in management, regulations, and population surveys which would negatively impact the hunting industry. Our findings highlight the importance of considering species-specific spatiotemporal scales of effect on climate on migration and our methods can be widely adapted to quantify and forecast climate-driven changes in wildlife migration.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

dryad36/100

Community science enhances modelled bee distributions in a tropical Asian city

Bees and the ecosystem services they provide are vital to urban ecosystems, but little is understood about their distributions, particularly in the Asian tropics. This is largely due to taxonomic impediments and limited inventorying, monitoring, and digitization of occurrence records. While expert collections (EC) are demonstrably insufficient by themselves as a data source to model and understand bee distributions, the boom of community science (CS) in urban areas provides an untapped opportunity to learn about bee distributions within our cities. We used CS observations in combination with EC observations to model the distribution of bees in Singapore, a small tropical city-state in Southeast Asia. To address the restricted spatial context, we performed multiple bias corrections and show that species distribution models performed well when estimating the distribution of habitat specialists with distinct range limits detectable within Singapore. We successfully modelled 37 bee species, where model statistics improved for 23 species upon the incorporation of CS observations. Nine species had insufficient EC observations to obtain acceptable models, but could be modelled with the incorporation of CS observations. This is the first study to combine both EC and CS observations to map and model the occurrences of tropical Asian bee species for a highly urbanised region at such fine resolution. Our results suggest that urban landscapes with impervious surfaces and higher temperatures are less suitable for bee species, and such findings can be used to advise the management of urban landscapes to optimise the diversity of bee pollinators and other organisms.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Data on soil variables (with plot IDs) and grassland species traits used for the analysis of grassland vegetation data by Pillar, V.D. (2024) Trait divergence in plant community assembly is generated by environmental factor interactions. Journal of Vegetation Science, 35, e13259. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13259

File <a href="../api/records/10983049/draft/files/Plot_IDs_990ua.txt/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Plot_IDs_990ua.txt</a> contains the IDs of the 1-m2 plots used for the analysis of grassland vegetation data by Pillar, V.D. (2024) Trait divergence in plant community assembly is generated by environmental factor interactions. The plot data are stored in the sPlot database (PPBio South Brazilian Grassland Database). File <a href="../api/records/10983049/draft/files/E_990ua_21SoilVar.txt/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">E_990ua_21SoilVar.txt</a> contains data on soil variables evaluated in the 250 m transects, but here expanded to the 990 1-m2 plots (each transect was sampled using 10 1-m2 pots). File <a href="../api/records/10983049/draft/files/B_769spp_4t.txt/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">B_769spp_4t.txt</a> is the species trait database collected in the framework of several research projects in the Quantitative Ecology Lab (EcoQua) and Grassland Vegetation Studies Lab (LevCamp) of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Data gaps were filled by compiled from the TRY database and data imputation.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

dryad36/100

Measurements of heavy metals in the moss Orthotrichum lyellii collected using community science in the Duwamish Valley, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.

Heavy metals concentrations often vary at small spatial scales not captured by air monitoring networks, with implications for environmental justice in industrial-adjacent communities. Pollutants measured in moss tissues are commonly used as a screening tool to guide use of more expensive resources, like air monitors. We piloted a community science approach, engaging over 55 people from nine institutions, to map heavy metals using moss in two industrial-adjacent neighborhoods. Local youth led sampling of the moss Orthotrichum lyellii from trees across a 250×250-m sampling grid (n = 79). We compared their data with expert-collected samples (n = 19) using Principal Components Analysis and Procrustes Analysis. We mapped 21 chemical elements measured in moss, focusing on 6 toxic 'priority' metals: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, and nickel. We compared local data, using t-tests and boxplots, with two 'reference datasets' of O. lyellii collected in Portland, Oregon, and in Seattle City Parks. We also use Principal Components Analysis to describe major gradients in metals in the study area. Our data submission includes two R scripts and four datasets of heavy metals in moss, including the two reference datasets, which will enable replication of our analyses as well as novel analyses.

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Natural history and community science records confirm rapid geographic shifts in the distribution of Bachman's Sparrow (Peucaea aestivalis) since 1850

North American grassland birds colonized emerging habitat created by expanding agriculture in a pattern of eastward expansions from the mid-1800s to mid-1900s. These birds have been declining, since at least the mid1900s, largely as result of anthropogenic landscape change. Only one bird that now breeds predominantly in southeastern pine savannas is thought to have experienced a concurrent range expansion into this region: Peucaea aestivalis (Bachman's Sparrow). However, our understanding of the P. aestivalis expansion, and subsequent retraction to the southeastern United States, is largely based on a contemporaneous review of only a subset of historical records from beyond its modern, northern limit. We suggest an alternative explanation for these historical records is that P. aestivalis historically occurred more broadly than was recognized in contemporaneous literature. To evaluate these hypotheses, we reviewed field observations from literature, natural history collections, and eBird to show how P. aestivalis presence throughout eastern North America has shifted since the mid-1800s. To confirm that these findings were not the result of detection bias, we repeated our analysis on a common sparrow species (Spizella pusilla) with a largely overlapping breeding range, but no history of expansion and retraction. We confirm that P. aestivalis expanded its range, but add that prior to that expansion, its historical distribution was broader than commonly acknowledged today. As a result, we identify the northwestern historical limit of P. aestivalis, the Ouachita and Ozark highlands, as a potential source region for an eastward expansion that is consistent with those of other North American grassland birds of the era. We discuss the potential evolutionary and conservation implications of this range expansion on P. aestivalis given our more nuanced understanding of it. Anthropogenic landscape change initially provided additional habitat for P. aestivalis but has ultimately resulted in a reduction of the P. aestivalis distribution.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Community science reveals links between migration arrival timing advance, migration distance, and wing shape

Substantial global data show that many taxa are shifting their phenologies in response to climate change. For birds, migration arrival dates in breeding regions have been shifting earlier, and there is evidence that both evolutionary adaptation and behavioural flexibility influence these shifts. As more efficient flyers may be able to demonstrate more flexibility to respond to changing conditions during migratory flight, we hypothesize that differences among passerine species in flight efficiency, as reflected by morphology, may be associated with the magnitude of shifts in arrival date in response to climate warming. We applied a logistic model to eighteen years of eBird data to estimate mean arrival date for 44 common passerines migrating to northeast North America. We then used linear mixed-effects models to estimate changes in mean arrival date and compared these changes to morphological proxies for flight efficiency and migratory distance using phylogenetic generalized least squares models. On average, passerine species shifted their arrival dates 0.120 days earlier each year, with 27 of the 44 species shifting to significantly earlier arrival times, and two shifting to significantly later ones. Of the 15 species with non-significant shifts, 13 trended toward earlier arrivals. Longer migration distances and higher wing aspect ratios were associated with greater shifts towards earlier arrivals. Migration distance and aspect ratio were also significantly correlated to each other. This suggests that changes in arrival date are affected by factors pertaining to migratory flight over long distances namely, flight efficiency and migration distance. These traits may be able predict the magnitude of arrival date shift, and by extension identify species that are most at risk to climate change due to inflexible arrival timing.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Community science data provides evidence for upward elevational range shifts by Eastern Himalayan birds

The ongoing climate crisis is a significant threat to global biodiversity. As Earth warms, many species respond by shifting their geographical ranges either polewards, or in mountainous regions, upslope towards higher elevations, presumably to track suitable thermal environments. Upslope range shifts are of particular concern in tropical mountain ranges because: (a) tropical species are particularly thermally sensitive, (b) species moving upwards could become locally extirpated as they run out of habitable space, and (c) tropical mountains harbor a high fraction of Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. Rapid upslope shifts can therefore result in significant biodiversity losses. We used community science data over a 13-year period to evaluate whether 93 Eastern Himalayan bird species might be shifting to higher elevations. To do this, we analyzed changes in their occurrence probabilities in eBird checklists from birdwatching hotspots at fixed elevations. We found patterns consistent with upslope range shifts; species with elevational ranges primarily below hotspot elevations show increases in their occurrence probability over time, and those with most of their elevational ranges above a hotspot elevation decline in occurrence probability. Our findings are suggestive of rapid responses to climate change by Eastern Himalayan birds. We caution that Eastern Himalayan bird species might be at special risk from increasing global temperatures because of heightened thermal sensitivity coupled with high rates of warming in the region. To remain resilient in the face of climate change, Eastern Himalayan birds likely require undisturbed habitats spanning entire elevational gradients, to track rising temperatures by moving to higher elevations.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

Community survey among science communication practitioners in Germany (2023)

This dataset contains fully anonymized responses to an online survey conducted among German science communication practitioners (N = 103) concerning general science communication (formats, goals, target groups) but also focusing on the specific issue of evaluation in science communication. The survey was in the field from November 13 to December 14, 2023. Sampling was purposive, science communication practitioners were contacted via newsletters, mailing lists, at conferences and with the help of specific social media channels and hashtags. The survey consists of 24 questions, including multiple choice, Likert type questions and open ended questions. The survey is based on a survey from 2019, with partial adjustments in the instruments, to which <a href="../records/4608091">the dataset is also available on Zenodo</a>. It is important to note that the participants of the survey are of the same target group, but it is not the same sample. Questions focused on the survey participants’ conduct of science communication, most frequent formats, goals and target groups but also on their experience with science communication evaluation and their perceptions of it. A detailed description of the variables and the coding can be found in the dataset. The survey was conducted in German and it should be noted that the original data is only available in German. Results of the study included more detailed information on sampling were published on the website of Wissenschaft im Dialog (WiD), the organization conducting the survey and can be found in<a href="https://impactunit.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/WiD_ImpactUnit_CommunityBefragung2023.pdf"> German</a> and<a href="https://impactunit.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/WiD_ImpactUnit_CommunitySurvey2023.pdf"> English</a>.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Peer Production in Citizen Science: A Community-Centered Approach on the Example of Personal Science - Supplementary Materials

This folder contains supplementary materials for the PhD thesis “Peer Production in Citizen Science: A Community-Centered Approach on the Example of Personal Science” by Katharina Kloppenborg. This project has been led at Université Paris Cité / Inserm U1284 from 2020 to 2023 and was supervised by Bastian Greshake Tzovaras and Ariel Lindner.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

ClinicalTrials.gov36/100

Citizen Science to Promote Sustained Physical Activity in Low-Income Communities

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03041415. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

dryad36/100