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175 results for “cryptic speciation”
Figure 5 in High molecular and phenotypic diversity in the Merodon avidus complex (Diptera, Syrphidae): cryptic speciation in a diverse insect taxon
Figure 5. Scatterplot of individual scores from the canonical variate analysis (CVA) of all specimens (both sexes) of metapopulations: A, Merodon avidus A from Dubašnica Mt (ADUB) (Wilks' L = 0.04; F(48,72) = 3.06; P <0.000); B, M. avidus B from Dubašnica Mt (BDUB) (Wilks' L = 0.10; F(64,174) = 2.18; P <0.000); C, M. avidus B from Durmitor Mt (BDUR) (Wilks' L = 0.10; F(64,174) = 2.21; P <0.000); D, M. avidus A from FYR MACEDONIA (AMKD) (Wilks' L = 0.002; F(112,171) = 2.40; P <0.000); E, M. avidus A from Greece (AGRE) (Wilks' L = 0.009; F(64,53) = 1.93; P <0.007). The amount of variation explained by each canonical axis is in parentheses. The number of misclassified specimens/total number of analysed
Figure 3 in Cryptic speciation at organic-rich marine habitats: a new bacteriovore annelid from whale-fall and fish farms in the North-East Atlantic
Figure 3. Relationship between the number of chaetigers and total bodylength in 15 specimens of Vigtorniella ardabilia and 33 specimens of V. flokati.
Figure 6. Diagram showing Kimura 2 in Cryptic speciation at organic-rich marine habitats: a new bacteriovore annelid from whale-fall and fish farms in the North-East Atlantic
Figure 6. Diagram showing Kimura 2 Parameter (K2P)-distances between congeneric species in four chrysopetalid genera, for two nuclear genes (18S, 28S) and two mitochondrial genes (16S, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)).
Figure 1 in High molecular and phenotypic diversity in the Merodon avidus complex (Diptera, Syrphidae): cryptic speciation in a diverse insect taxon
Figure 1. Origin of the analysed populations using wing geometric morphometrics from the Balkan Peninsula: 1, Pannonian Plain (PAN, Serbia); 2, Dubašnica Mt, E 21°59′, N 44°01′ (DUB, Serbia); 3, Stara Mt, E 22°41′, N 43°20′ (SPL, Serbia); 4, Kopaonik Mt, E 20°40′, N 43°15′ (KOP, Serbia); 5, Durmitor Mt, E 19°00′, N 43°11′ (DUR, Montenegro); 6, Morinj, E 18°40′, N 43°29′30″ (MOR, Montenegro); 7, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (MKD); 8, Greece (GRE). (Numbers within region are noted sampling sites of populations).
Data from: Extreme elevational migration spurred cryptic speciation in giant hummingbirds
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Data from: Population genomics, local adaptation, and cryptic speciation in a temperate reef fish, the black surfperch, <em>Embiotoca jacksoni</em>, using genome-wide resequencing
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Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal multiple long-distance dispersal events and extensive cryptic speciation in Nervilia (Orchidaceae), an isolated basal Epidendroid genus
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Data from: Cryptic patterns of speciation in cryptic primates: microendemic mouse lemurs and the multispecies coalescent
Species delimitation is ever more critical for assessing biodiversity in threatened regions of the world, especially when undescribed lineages may be at risk from habitat loss. Mouse lemurs (Microcebus) are an example of a rapid radiation of morphologically cryptic species that are distributed throughout Madagascar in its rapidly vanishing forested habitats. Here, we focus on two pairs of sister lineages that occur in a region in northeastern Madagascar that shows high levels of microendemism. We revisit previous hypotheses of species diversity by filling geographic sampling gaps and by generating new genomic data for three named species, as well as an undescribed lineage previously identified to be of interest due to its highly divergent mtDNA. We analyzed RADseq data with multiple species delimitation methods based on the multispecies coalescent (MSC) model while accounting for introgression. Non-sister lineages occur sympatrically in two instances, despite an estimated divergence time of less than 1 Ma, thus suggesting rapid evolution of reproductive isolation in the mouse lemur clade. We note, however, that the divergence time estimates reported here are based on the MSC and calibrated with pedigree-based primate mutation rates. These dates are considerably more recent than previous analyses that used traditional relaxed clock methods and distant fossil calibrations. One pair of sister lineages passed all species delimitation tests while the other pair failed most, largely due to differences in Ne between the two pairs of lineages. Nevertheless, delimitation results were also supported by differences in levels of gene flow and patterns of isolation-by-distance between the two pairs. We conclude that MSC-based species delimitation methods are valuable tools for evaluating cryptic species, even though these methods can be strongly affected by variable Ne. We suggest that this result has general implications for species delimitation studies of other recently diverged lineages.
Cuscuta sect. Californicae (Convolvulaceae) revisited: 'cryptic' speciation and host range differentiation
<p><i>Cuscuta californica</i> complex (sensu lato, s.l.) is a western North American group of species in which the infrastaminal scales are reduced, making the morphological delimitation of species particularly challenging. A revision of this group was prompted by the discovery of an apparent new species from central California based primarily on molecular means. Prompted by this finding, the morphological limits of <i>C. californica</i> s.l. species were comprehensively re-evaluated through a morphometric study. DNA sequences from plastid (<i>trnL–F</i> region and <i>rbcL</i>), nuclear ribosomal ITS and 26S rDNA, as well as a low-copy nuclear pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) gene were used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships among taxa. Last but not least, the host range of relevant taxa was determined using herbarium specimens. Molecular results strongly supported the new species, <b><i>C. difficilis</i></b>, which was found to be morphologically separated from <i>C. brachycalyx</i> only by subtle calyx lobe and corolla tube shape differences. Despite sharing some of the hosts, all the members of <i>C. californica</i> s.l. exhibited a differentiation of their host ranges. An identification key and description of the new species were provided together with a discussion on the systematics and host range of <i>C. californica </i>s.l.. Hybridization, accompanied by plastid capture, was suggested as a possible mechanism of speciation for <i>C. brachycalyx</i>.</p>
Data sets and analyses for genomics of cryptic speciation in Catharus thrushes
<p>Cryptic speciation may occur when reproductive isolation is recent or the accumulation of morphological differences between sister lineages is slowed by stabilizing selection preventing phenotypic differentiation. In North America, Bicknell's Thrush (<i>Catharus bicknelli</i>) and its sister species, the Gray-cheeked Thrush (<i>Catharus minimus</i>), are parapatrically breeding migratory songbirds, distinguishable in nature only by subtle differences in song and coloration, and were recognized as distinct species only in the 1990s. Previous molecular studies have estimated that the species diverged ~120 - 420 thousand YBP and found very low levels of introgression despite their similarity and sympatry in the spring (prebreeding) migration. To further clarify the history, genetic divergence, genomic structure and adaptive processes in <i>C. bicknelli</i> and <i>C</i>. <i>minimus</i>, we sequenced and assembled high-coverage reference genomes of both species and re-sequenced genomes from population samples of <i>C. bicknelli</i>, <i>C. minimus</i>, and two individuals of the Swainson's Thrush (<i>C. ustulatus</i>). The genome of <i>C. bicknelli</i> exhibits markedly higher abundances of transposable elements compared to other <i>Catharus</i> and chicken. Demographic and admixture analyses confirm moderate genome-wide differentiation (<i>F</i><sub>st</sub> <i>≈</i> 0.10) and limited gene flow between <i>C. bicknelli</i> and C. <i>minimus,</i> but suggest a more recent divergence than estimates based on mtDNA. We find evidence of rapid evolution of the Z-chromosome and elevated divergence consistent with natural selection on genomic regions near genes involved with neuronal processes in <i>C. bicknelli.</i> These genomes are a useful resource for future investigations of speciation, migration, and adaptation in <i>Catharus </i>thrushes.</p>
Figure 4 in High molecular and phenotypic diversity in the Merodon avidus complex (Diptera, Syrphidae): cryptic speciation in a diverse insect taxon
Figure 4. Wing centroid size in male and female Merodon avidus A and M. avidus B.
Figure 1 in Cryptic speciation at organic-rich marine habitats: a new bacteriovore annelid from whale-fall and fish farms in the North-East Atlantic
Figure 1. Map showing collection sites in Sweden and Norway for the new species.
Figure 2 in High molecular and phenotypic diversity in the Merodon avidus complex (Diptera, Syrphidae): cryptic speciation in a diverse insect taxon
Figure 2. Positions of the wing landmarks used in the geometric morphometric analyses.
Rapid sperm length divergence in a polygynandrous passerine: a mechanism of cryptic speciation?
<p>When populations become geographically isolated, they begin to diverge in various traits and at variable rates. The dynamics of such trait divergences are relevant for understanding evolutionary processes such as local adaptation and speciation. Here we examine divergences in sperm and body structures in a polygynandrous songbird, the alpine accentor (<em>Prunella</em> <em>collaris</em>) between two allopatric high-altitude populations, in Morocco and Spain. The populations diverged around 82,000 years ago, as estimated with a coalescence-based phylogenetic analysis of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms. We found that birds in the two areas had non-overlapping sperm lengths. This suggests adaptation to divergent female reproductive tract environments. Sperm length also showed an exceptionally low coefficient of among-male variation, a signal of strong stabilizing selection imposed by sperm competition. The evolutionary rate of sperm length was almost twice the rates for the most divergent morphological traits, and more than three times higher than expected from literature data over a similar generational timescale. This rapid evolution of a key reproductive trait has implications for reproductive isolation and ultimately for speciation. Strong selection for different sperm length optima in allopatry predicts conspecific sperm precedence and disruptive selection in sympatry, hence a possible postcopulatory prezygotic barrier to gene flow.</p>
Data from: Cryptic patterns of speciation in cryptic primates: microendemic mouse lemurs and the multispecies coalescent
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Data from: Divergence in vocalizations indicates cryptic speciation in Camptostoma tyrannulets
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Data from: Cryptic speciation yields remarkable mimics: A new genus of sea slugs that masquerade as toxic algae (Caulerpa spp.)
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Cuscuta sect. Californicae (Convolvulaceae) revisited: ‘cryptic’ speciation and host range differentiation
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Rapid sperm length divergence in a polygynandrous passerine: a mechanism of cryptic speciation?
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Data sets and analyses for genomics of cryptic speciation in Catharus thrushes
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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