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86 results for “cytochrome b”
Fig. 1. Cytochrome-b in Extensive diversification across islands in the echolocating Aerodramus swiftlets
Fig. 1. Cytochrome-b maximum-likelihood tree topology. Branch support is given as Bayesian posterior probability (multiplied by 100 for ease of reading) / Maximum Likelihood bootstrap / Maximum Parsimony bootstrap. Only posterior probabilities>75 and bootstrap values>65 are given. Asterisk refers to a specimen of A. fuciphagus vestitus which possesses an introgressed mtDNA haplotype from A. salangana natunae (see text).
FIG. 16. Relationships among 46 cytochrome-b in A Revision of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), Part 1: P. quica, P. canus, and a New Species from Amazonia
FIG. 16. Relationships among 46 cytochrome-b sequences of Philander canus and P. pebas. This subtree shows the full details of the cartooned clades labeled "canus" and "pebas" in figure 5.
FIG. 13. Relationships among 28 cytochrome-b in A Revision of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), Part 1: P. quica, P. canus, and a New Species from Amazonia
FIG. 13. Relationships among 28 cytochrome-b sequences of Philander quica. This subtree shows the full details of the cartooned clade labeled "quica" in figure 5.
FIGURE 6. Cytochrome-b in A New Species of Nectar-feeding Bat of the Genus Hsunycteris (Phyllostomidae: Lonchophyllinae) from Northeastern Peru
FIGURE 6. Cytochrome-b maximum likelihood (ML) phylogram for the subfamily Lonchophyllinae. Support statistics from ML analysis and Bayesian inference (BI) are indicated at each resolved node. For the ML analysis, gray shading indicates bootstrap frequencies between 50% and 75% and black indicates bootstrap frequencies>75%. For the BA, gray indicates posterior probabilities <0.95, whereas black indicates posterior probabilities>0.95.
Figure 14. Cytochrome b in Morphological, vocal and genetic divergence in the Cettia acanthizoides complex (Aves: Cettiidae)
Figure 14. Cytochrome b tree of the three taxa in the Cettia acanthizoides complex and Cettia cetti albiventris, rooted with Phylloscopus chloronotus, estimated by Bayesian inference under the GTR + I model. Posterior probabilities (81 000 trees) are shown above nodes, and parsimony bootstrap values (1000 replicates) are shown below nodes.
List of tissue specimens of Hipposideros spp. used for cytochrome b sequencing and phylogenetic inference, with geographical data. Voucher refers to the location and/or accession number of the voucher, and tissue collection refers to the collection where the tissue is kept, and accession or collector numbers. Acronyms are as follows: Estación Biológica de DoZana, Sevilla, Spain (EBD), South Australia Museum, Adelaide, Australia (SAM), Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (SMF), Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa, México (IEX), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (LSU), Charles M. Francis, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (CMF), Lao Department of Forestry, Vientiane, Lao PDR, no catalogued (LAO). Next column indicates GenBank accession numbers. More information about the specimens is available in the GenBank records in A new species of bat of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Central Laos, with evidence of convergent evolution with Sundaic taxa
List of tissue specimens of Hipposideros spp. used for cytochrome b sequencing and phylogenetic inference, with geographical data. Voucher refers to the location and/or accession number of the voucher, and tissue collection refers to the collection where the tissue is kept, and accession or collector numbers. Acronyms are as follows: Estación Biológica de DoZana, Sevilla, Spain (EBD), South Australia Museum, Adelaide, Australia (SAM), Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (SMF), Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa, México (IEX), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (LSU), Charles M. Francis, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (CMF), Lao Department of Forestry, Vientiane, Lao PDR, no catalogued (LAO). Next column indicates GenBank accession numbers. More information about the specimens is available in the GenBank records
FIGURE 36. Maximum parsimony tree for cytochrome b in Two new species of oak gall wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae Cynipini)
FIGURE 36. Maximum parsimony tree for cytochrome b sequences indicating the relationships of Cynips izzetbaysali sp. nov. and Callirhytis afion, sp. nov. to other Cynipini species. GenBank Accession number for each species used in the analysis is given with the species names. Two new species included in the analysis are coloured in red. Numbers above nodes indicate posterior probability support values.
FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood phylogram derived from a Bayesian backbone constraint consensus tree constructed using only taxa for which 12S, 16S, cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I in A new species of Dendrobates (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Amazonian lowlands in Perú
FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood phylogram derived from a Bayesian backbone constraint consensus tree constructed using only taxa for which 12S, 16S, cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I sequence data were available. Numbers indicate posterior probabilities from the Bayesian analysis. Species of the Ventrimaculatus group are denoted with s.s. (sensu stricto), s.l. (sensu lato) and sp. aff (species affinis).
FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among partial cytochrome b in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)
FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among partial cytochrome b sequences of Gracilinanus spp. Bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities based on molecular dataset are provided above each branch. Bayesian posterior probabilities based on the combined (morphological + molecular) dataset is provided below each branch. The numbers beside the localities correspond to the same numbers shown on the map (Figure 11). The symbols represent: (●) "small microtarsus", (․) "large microtarsus" and (˔) "ehrhardti".
FIGURE 3. Cytochrome-b in On the identity of Lophostoma silvicolum occidentalis (Davis & Carter, 1978) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE 3. Cytochrome-b maximum likelihood phylogram for seven species of Lophostoma. Support statistics from a parsimony bootstrap analysis, a maximum likelihood bootstrap analysis, and a Bayesian analysis are indicated at each resolved node. For the parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses (MP and ML, respectively), white indicates bootstrap frequencies ≤50%, grey indicates bootstrap frequencies between 50% and 75%, and black indicates bootstrap frequencies ≥75%. For the Bayesian analysis (BPP), white indicates posterior probabilities <0.95, whereas black indicates posterior probabilities ≥0.95.
FIGURE 7. Cytochrome b in A new species of lizard of the Liolaemus elongatus clade (Reptilia: Iguania: Liolaemini) from Curi Leuvu River Valley, northern Patagonia, Neuquén, Argentina
FIGURE 7. Cytochrome b gene tree showing Liolaemus burmeisteri in relation with other members of the elongatus clade and species of the petrophilus and kriegi clades, based on Bayesian analyses; numbers above nodes are posterior probability values.
FIGURE 2. Cytochrome b maximum likelihood phylogram for the genus Carollia. Support statistics from a maximum likelihood bootstrap analysis and a in On the phylogenetic position of Carollia manu Pacheco et al., 2004 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae: Carolliinae)
FIGURE 2. Cytochrome b maximum likelihood phylogram for the genus Carollia. Support statistics from a maximum likelihood bootstrap analysis and a Bayesian analysis are indicated at each resolved node. For the maximum likelihood analysis (ML), white indicates bootstrap frequencies ≤ 50%, grey indicates bootstrap frequencies between 50% and 75%, and black indicates bootstrap frequencies ≥ 75%. For the Bayesian analysis (BPP), white indicates posterior probabilities <0.95, whereas black indicates posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95.
Distribution. Until recently considered to occur in C & NE Angola and S & SE DR Congo, but based on cytochrome-b sequences, Bryja and colleagues in 2014 extended the range to include the NW region and the Eastern Arc Mts of Tanzania, much of NE Zambia, and Malawi; also re- corded from a single locality in extreme NW Zambia. in Muridae
Distribution. Until recently considered to occur in C & NE Angola and S & SE DR Congo, but based on cytochrome-b sequences, Bryja and colleagues in 2014 extended the range to include the NW region and the Eastern Arc Mts of Tanzania, much of NE Zambia, and Malawi; also re- corded from a single locality in extreme NW Zambia.
Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. in Muridae
Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information.
FIGURE 6. Cytochrome b in A new species of small-eared shrew of the genus Cryptotis (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) from the northernmost Peruvian Andes
FIGURE 6. Cytochrome b phylogenetic trees for Cryptotis genus. Bootstrap supports are indicated at each node for Maximum Likelihood (left); and Posterior Probability values for Bayesian Inference (right).
FIGURE 3. Bayesian tree inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b in A review of the Barbatula loaches (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from north-eastern China, with the description of four new species
FIGURE 3. Bayesian tree inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. Clade credibility values were given for nodes with bootstrap support for ML (below branch) and posterior probability for Bayesian inferences (above branch).
FIGURE 3. Cladogram using Bayesian inference with concatenated data from Cytochrome b, 12S in A review of the relationships of Xenochrophis cerasogaster Cantor, 1839 (Serpentes: Colubridae) to its congeners
FIGURE 3. Cladogram using Bayesian inference with concatenated data from Cytochrome b, 12S rRNA, and ND4 gene sequences with Coelognathus radiatus as the out-group. (Red: specimens from Northern Assam, Blue: Specimen from Southern Assam, Green: Specimen from Hyderabad)
FIGURE 2. Cladogram using Maximum likelihood with concatenated data from Cytochrome b, 12S in A review of the relationships of Xenochrophis cerasogaster Cantor, 1839 (Serpentes: Colubridae) to its congeners
FIGURE 2. Cladogram using Maximum likelihood with concatenated data from Cytochrome b, 12S rRNA, and ND4 gene sequences with Coelognathus radiatus as the out-group (Red: specimens from Northern Assam, Blue: Specimen from Southern Assam, Green: Specimen from Hyderabad)
FIGURE 101. Maximum clade credibility tree for cytochrome b in New species of Dryocosmus Giraud gallwasps from California (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling Chrysolepis Hjelmq. (Fagaceae)
FIGURE 101. Maximum clade credibility tree for cytochrome b sequences indicating the relationship of the four Dryocosmus species examined in this study (in blue) to other Cynipini species. Other species within the genus Dryocosmus from the Nearctic are indicated in red; the two Palaearctic Dryocosmus species included in the analysis are coloured pink. Numbers above nodes indicate Bayesian posterior probability support (if>0.50).
FIG. 3. Cytochrome b in Comprehensive Analysis of Salamander Hybridization Suggests a Consistent Relationship between Genetic Distance and Reproductive Isolation across Tetrapods
FIG. 3. Cytochrome b (MT-CYB) genetic distances between parental species that hybridize in different tetrapod groups. Kruskal-Wallis H test showed no significant differences across the groups (P ¼ 0.661). Salamanders are not hybridizing across greater genetic distances.
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