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274 results for “data consistency”
Mars Watershed boundary data for "Global Spatial Distribution of Hack's Law Exponent on Mars Consistent with Early Arid Climate "
<p>This is the watershed boundary data for Mars (along with Hack's Law exponent) as described in Luo et al. "Global Spatial Distribution of Hack’s Law Exponent on Mars Consistent with Early Arid Climate" accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters on 3/10/2023.</p> <p>The attributes are as follows:</p> <p>Id, gridcode = ID of basin</p> <p>Shape_Length = perimeter of the basin</p> <p>Shape_area = area of the basin</p> <p>geoArea = geodesic area of the basin</p> <p>geoLength = geodesic perimeter of the basin</p> <p>areaR = geoArea / Shape_area</p> <p>LengthR = geoLength / Shape_Length</p> <p>n_exponent = Hack’s Law Exponent (h in L = k A^h)</p> <p>n_coefficient = Hack’s Law exponent (k in L = k A^h)</p> <p>n_r2 = r^2 of the nonlinear fit (optimize.curve_fit function in SciPy)</p>
Data for: Weaker selection on genes with treatment-specific expression consistent with a limit on plasticity evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana
<p>Differential gene expression between environments often underlies phenotypic plasticity. However, environment-specific expression patterns are hypothesized to relax selection on genes, and thus limit plasticity evolution. We collated over 27 terabases of RNA-sequencing data on <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> from over 300 peer-reviewed studies and 200 treatment conditions to investigate this hypothesis. Consistent with relaxed selection, genes with more treatment-specific expression have higher levels of nucleotide diversity and divergence at nonsynonymous sites but lack stronger signals of positive selection. This result persisted even after controlling for expression level, gene length, GC content, the tissue specificity of expression, and technical variation between studies. Overall, our investigation supports the existence of a hypothesized trade-off between the environment specificity of a gene's expression and the strength of selection on said gene in <em>A. thaliana</em>. Future studies should leverage multiple genome-scale datasets to tease apart the contributions of many variables in limiting plasticity evolution.</p>
Data from: Consistent long-distance foraging flights across years and seasons at colony level in a Neotropical bat
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Data and code from: Coordinated distributed experiments in ecology do not consistently reduce heterogeneity in effect size
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Data from: Morphological traits are not consistently related to population size in four migratory caribou populations across North America
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Data from: Spatial consistency in drivers of population dynamics of a declining migratory bird
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Data from: Multi-taxon inventory reveals highly consistent biodiversity responses to ecospace variation
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Data for: Weaker selection on genes with treatment-specific expression consistent with a limit on plasticity evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Data from Globally Consistent Drivers of Plant Microbiome Diversity Across Hosts and Continents
We experimentally manipulated two potential mediators of plant microbiome diversity (soil nutrient supply and herbivore density) at 23 grassland sites spanning global-scale gradients in soil nutrients, climate, and plant biomass. This work used sites that are part of the Nutrient Network Experiment (NutNet; www.nutnet.org), a globally replicated experiment manipulating elemental nutrient supplies and herbivore density in grasslands worldwide. Using amplicon sequencing, we measured relative abundances of fungal (ITS1) and prokaryotic (16S) diversity in the leaves of the most widespread grass at each of 23 grassland sites (focal hosts included 18 grass species from 15 genera).
Data from: Consistent scaling of inbreeding depression in space and time in a house sparrow metapopulation
<p>Inbreeding may increase the extinction risk of small populations. Yet, studies using modern genomic tools to investigate inbreeding depression in nature have been limited to single populations, and little is known about the dynamics of inbreeding depression in subdivided populations over time. Natural populations often experience different environmental conditions and differ in demographic history and genetic composition; characteristics that can affect the severity of inbreeding depression. We utilised extensive long-term data on more than 3100 individuals from eight islands in an insular house sparrow metapopulation to examine the generality of inbreeding effects. Using genomic<sub> </sub>estimates of realised inbreeding, we discovered that inbred individuals had lower survival probabilities and produced fewer recruiting offspring than non-inbred individuals. Inbreeding depression, measured as the decline in fitness related traits per unit inbreeding, did not vary appreciably among populations or with time. As a consequence, populations with more resident inbreeding (due to their demographic history) paid a higher total fitness cost, evidenced by a larger variance in fitness explained by inbreeding within these populations. Our results are in contrast to the idea that effects of inbreeding generally depend on ecological factors and genetic differences among populations, and expand the understanding of inbreeding depression in natural subdivided populations.</p>
Data from: Leaf nutrients, not specific leaf area, are consistent indicators of elevated nutrient inputs
Leaf traits are frequently measured in ecology to provide a 'common currency' for predicting how anthropogenic pressures impact ecosystem function. Here, we test whether leaf traits consistently respond to experimental treatments across 27 globally distributed grassland sites across 4 continents. We find that specific leaf area (leaf area per unit mass)—a commonly measured morphological trait inferring shifts between plant growth strategies—did not respond to up to four years of soil nutrient additions. Leaf nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations increased in response to the addition of each respective soil nutrient. We found few significant changes in leaf traits when vertebrate herbivores were excluded in the short-term. Leaf nitrogen and potassium concentrations were positively correlated with species turnover, suggesting that interspecific trait variation was a significant predictor of leaf nitrogen and potassium, but not of leaf phosphorus concentration. Climatic conditions and pretreatment soil nutrient levels also accounted for significant amounts of variation in the leaf traits measured. Overall, we find that leaf morphological traits, such as specific leaf area, are not appropriate indicators of plant response to anthropogenic perturbations in grasslands.
Experimental data and videos of steel wide-flange and HSS columns tested under collapse-consistent loading histories
<p>The experimental dataset is comprised of the following items:</p> <p>(a) a <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Experimental_Program.pdf">summary table</a> that contains the geometric and material parameters for each test specimen along with deduced quantities of interest with regard to the collapse behavior of each specimen;</p> <p>(b) the deduced experimental data of <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Deduced_Data_Wide_Flange_Columns.xlsx">wide-flange specimens</a>;</p> <p>(c) the deduced experimental data of <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Deduced_Data_HSS_Columns.xlsx">hollow structural shape (HSS) specimens</a>.</p> <p>The deduced data contains normalized axial shortening, chord rotation and deduced moment (without member p-delta).</p> <p>(d) The <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Experimental_Program.pdf">summary report of the experimental program</a> along with an appendix of photos of each specimen is included together with the dataset.</p> <p>(e) characteristic videos for each specimen that demonstrate the member performance through the loss of their lateral load carrying capacity.</p>
Data collected by fruit body– and DNA-based survey methods yield consistent species-to-species association networks in wood-inhabiting fungal communities
<p>Inferring interspecific interactions indirectly from community data is of central interest in community ecology. Data on species communities can be surveyed using different methods, each of which may differ in the amount and type of species detected, and thus produce varying information on interaction networks. Since fruit bodies reflect only a fraction of the woodinhabiting fungal diversity, there is an ongoing debate in fungal ecology on whether fruit body– based surveys are a valid method for studying fungal community dynamics compared to surveys based on DNA metabarcoding. In this paper, we focus on species-to-species associations and ask whether the associations inferred from data collected by fruit-body surveys reflect the ones found from data collected by DNA-based surveys. We estimate and compare the association networks resulting from different survey methods using a joint species distribution model. We recorded both raw and residual associations that respectively do not and do correct for the influence of the abiotic predictors when estimating the species-to-species associations. The analyses of the DNA data yielded a larger number of species-to-species associations than the analyses of the fruit body–based data as expected. Yet, we estimated unique associations also from the fruit-body data. Our results show that the directions of estimated residual associations were consistent between the data types, whereas the raw associations were much less consistent, highlighting the need to account for the influence of relevant environmental covariates when estimating association networks. We conclude that even though DNA-based survey methods are more informative about the total number of interacting species, fruit-body surveys are also an adequate method for inferring association networks in wood-inhabiting fungi. Since the DNA and fruit-body data carry on complementary information on fungal communities, the most comprehensive insights are obtained by combining the two survey methods.</p>
Data from: No consistent effects of humans on animal genetic diversity worldwide
Human impacts on genetic diversity are poorly understood yet critical to biodiversity conservation. We used 175,247 COI sequences collected between 1980 and 2016 to assess the global effects of land use and human density on the intraspecific genetic diversity of 17,082 species of birds, fishes, insects, and mammals. Human impacts on mtDNA diversity were taxon and scale-dependent, and were generally weak or non-significant. Spatial analyses identified weak latitudinal diversity gradients as well as negative effects of human density on insect diversity, and negative effects of intensive land use on fish diversity. The observed effects were predominantly associated with species turnover. Time series analyses found nearly an equal number of positive and negative temporal trends in diversity, resulting in no net monotonic trend in diversity over this time period. Our analyses reveal critical data and theory gaps and call for increased efforts to monitor global genetic diversity.
Data from: Unusual but consistent latitudinal patterns in macroalgal habitats and their invertebrate communities across two countries
<p><b>Aim: </b>The physical characteristics of biogenic habitats and environmental conditions are important determinants of biodiversity, yet their relative importance can change across spatial scales. We aimed to understand how relationships between the physical characteristics of macroalgal habitats and their invertebrate communities varied across spatial scales and whether general ecological patterns occurred across two countries.</p> <p><b>Location: </b>18 sites across the temperate east coasts of Australia (over 1,300 km) and New Zealand (over 1,000 km), with the latitudinal gradient in the two countries overlapping by 6.73 decimal degrees.</p> <p><b>Time period:</b> January to early April 2012.</p> <p><b>Major taxa studied:</b> Three intertidal macroalgal habitats in each country and the invertebrate communities within them.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We measured variation in patch- and individual-level characteristics of macroalgal habitats and their invertebrate communities. Patterns in macroalgal characteristics and communities were compared across latitude, and at smaller spatial scales, and correlated with 26 abiotic environmental variables using multiple multivariate analyses.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Separately, macroalgal habitat characteristics and communities showed unusual but consistent non-linear latitudinal patterns, with greater similarity among sites at the edges of the sampled distribution (i.e. north and south) than at centrally-located sites. Macroalgal characteristics did not correlate with a particular set of environmental variables, however, communities were structured by sea surface temperature at the country scale, and by macroalgal habitat type and biomass within countries. Anthropogenic variables were also important and may have contributed to the unusual non-linear patterns observed between macroalgal characteristics and communities across latitude.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions</b>: Our results support other studies showing that large-scale patterns can emerge from systems where there is high local-scale variability. The results show that communities within macroalgal habitats respond to both the physical characteristics of the habitat and external environmental conditions (e.g. temperature). Suggesting that local-scale environmental factors, including anthropogenic stressors may modulate environmental gradients over larger scales.</p>
Data archives for all sessions, consisting of probes and instructional sessions outputs for each of the three research participants
<p>Three participants, identified with fictitious names, were exposed to Instructional and Probe sessions to induce and test for Bidirectional Naming (BiN). This Dataset is composed by the records of both types of individual sessions, as recorded originaly by the computer and the experimenter. In the begginig of the files there are some general information, and below are the data for trials. Each line represents a trial and informs the response latency, the stimuli presented and the response given, as well as the expected response.<br> The data is in portuguese, but the authors are at disposal for any doubts. The name of the file indicates the participant and the study phase.</p>
Code and data used in thesis Chapter 2 of 'Determining the biases and consistencies in the evidence for conservation'
<p>Code and data used in thesis Chapter 2 of 'Determining the biases and consistencies in the evidence for conservation'.</p>
Data from: Individual differences are consistent across changes in mating status and mediated by biogenic amines
Although aspects of an individual's state are well-known to influence the expression of behavior, it is still unclear how elements of state affect consistent among-individual differences in behavior. With binary, irreversible elements of state, such as mating status, there may be optimal behavioral phenotypes before and after mating, with individuals often prioritizing mate acquisition before and resource acquisition after. Yet, limited plasticity may prevent optimal behavior in both contexts. Additionally, it remains largely unknown if some consistencies in neural or physiological traits may limit the ability of the organism to respond to state changes. In this study, we investigated how changes in a binary state variable, mating status, affected both the mean expression and among-individual variation in behavior and web structure of the redback spider, Latrodectus hasselti. Furthermore, we explored the role of biogenic amines in potentially mediating individual differences in behavior and web structure. We found that mated females were overall more aggressive than virgin females and also built webs structured primarily for capturing prey rather than safety. We also found that individual differences in behavior and web structure were maintained across mating statuses, which indicates the stability of these traits and may drive personality-specific state-dependent fitness trade-offs. Finally, we found that aggressive spiders had higher central nervous system dopamine levels. Interestingly, web structure was often correlated with a catabolite of tyramine (N-acetyltyramine), suggesting that variation in amine catabolism, and not the concentrations of the amines themselves, may drive individual differences in some traits.
Data from: Song learning and cognitive ability are not consistently related in a songbird
Learned aspects of song have been hypothesized to signal cognitive ability in songbirds. We tested this hypothesis in hand-reared song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) that were tutored with playback of adult songs during the critical period for song learning. The songs developed by the 19 male subjects were compared to the model songs to produce two measures of song learning: the proportion of notes copied from models and the average spectrogram cross-correlation between copied notes and model notes. Song repertoire size, which reflects song complexity, was also measured. At 1 year of age, subjects were given a battery of five cognitive tests that measured speed of learning in the context of a novel foraging task, color association, color reversal, detour-reaching, and spatial learning. Bivariate correlations between the three song measures and the five cognitive measures revealed no significant associations. As in other studies of avian cognition, different cognitive measures were for the most part not correlated with each other, and this result remained true when 22 hand-reared female song sparrows were added to the analysis. General linear mixed models controlling for effects of neophobia and nest of origin indicated that all three song measures were associated with better performance on color reversal and spatial learning but were associated with worse performance on novel foraging and detour-reaching. Overall, the results do not support the hypothesis that learned aspects of song signal cognitive ability.
Data from: Trait responses to AM fungi are stronger and more consistent than fixed differences among populations of Asclepias speciosa
Premise of the study: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can promote plant growth and reproduction, but other plant physiological traits or traits that provide defense against herbivores can also be affected by AM fungi. However, whether responses of different traits to AM fungi are correlated, and whether these relationships vary among plants from different populations is unresolved. Methods: We assessed whether different populations of the perennial forb, Asclepias speciosa, grown from seed collected from different environmental conditions across its distributional range respond differently to AM fungi, and if the responses of six growth and defense traits are correlated. Key Results: Although there was strong genetic differentiation in mean trait values among populations, AM fungi consistently increased expression of most growth and defense traits across all populations. Responses of biomass and root:shoot ratio to AM fungi were positively correlated, suggesting that plants that are more responsive to AM fungi allocated more biomass belowground. Responses of biomass and trichome density to AM fungi were negatively correlated, indicating a trade-off in responsiveness between a growth and defensive trait. Conclusions: Our results suggest that while there is substantial population differentiation in many traits of A. speciosa, populations respond similarly to AM fungi, and both positive and negative correlations among trait responses occur.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.