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89 results for “direct measurement”
Supporting dataset for manuscript "Direct viscosity measurement of peridotite melt under lower-mantle conditions supports a fractional magma ocean solidification at top lower mantle conditions"
<p>Supporting material for manuscript "<strong>Direct viscosity measurement of peridotite melt under lower-mantle conditions supports a fractional magma ocean solidification at top lower mantle conditions"</strong></p>
Supplementary material for "A database for the comparison of measured datasets of human voice directivity"
<p>[1] C. Pörschmann. “A database for the comparison of measured datasets of human voice directivity," in Proceedings of the Forum Acusticum, Torino, Italy, 2023.</p> <p> </p> <p>This study presents a database that allows direct comparison and visualization of datasets from 19 different studies. The data is collected from tables, plots, and datasets from the supplemental material of the respective studies. Some studies present directivity patterns averaged over a whole sentence, while others report phoneme-dependent data. Furthermore, these datasets vary in their sampling grids, with many measured in the horizontal plane and just a few measured spherically. Most datasets included in this work present frequency-band averaged values, for example, in one-third octave bands, while a few newer studies provide the raw data in the form of transfer functions.</p> <p>Furthermore, the supplementary material contains voice directivity datasets determined over a complete sentence determined for a phonetically balanced German sentence (measured twice for 13 subjects).</p> <p> </p> <p>The .pdf file contains</p> <ul> <li>information on the database that allows comparing the results of 19 publications on voice directivities</li> <li>general information on the voice directivity files in the SOFA format</li> <li>information on the indices and names of the SOFA-files</li> <li>additional plots</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>The Database.zip</p> <ul> <li>Excel-file containing datasets from the publications given in frequency-bands</li> <li>SOFA-Files (sampled on sparse grid) of all own datasets from previous studies</li> <li>Matlab scripts for importing, upsampling and visualizing all voice directivity datasets considered in the database</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>The VoiceDirectivitySentence.zip files contain voice directivities patterns averaged over one phonetically balanced sentence in the SOFA format</p> <ul> <li>sampled on the sparse measuring grid</li> <li>upsampled to a dense grid</li> </ul>
Direct measurements of ozone response to emissions perturbations in California
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Optical traits perform equally well as directly-measured functional traits in explaining the impact of an invasive plant on litter decomposition
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Data for: Direct measurement of dynamic attractant gradients reveals breakdown of the Patlak-Keller-Segel chemotaxis model
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Data from: Direct measurement of fluorocarbon radicals in the thermal destruction of perfluorohexanoic acid using photoionization mass spectrometry
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Direct measurement of the quantum metric tensor in solids
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Directional Room Impulse Response Measurement - PhD Thesis Data
<p>Room acoustic simulation result database for the PhD thesis "Directional Room Impulse Response Measurement"</p>
Experimentally measured group direct benefits according to worker density explain group living of the termite Reticulitermes chinensis
<p>The evolution of cooperation requires more benefits of group living than solitary lifestyle. However, to some degree, our understanding about the benefits is hindered by abstract debates over theoretical and experimental evidences of individual selection or group selection because it is difficult to examine the actual benefits at the group level. Moreover, group density is a crucial ecological factor which deeply affects group reproduction and survival, few studies have been performed in social insects. Here, we study the effects of worker density on group direct benefits in the termite species <i>Reticulitermes chinensis</i>. The termite <i>R.</i> <i>chinensis</i><i> </i>is<i> </i>an ideal model which lives with a high worker density in wood. We used the quantity of eggs and the total biomass (biomass of all group members) accumulation as two components of group benefits. We investigated the group benefits in the context of worker density according to eleven worker densities. And we measured the group benefits and the resource consumption with the same group members in two types of artificial nest areas. Moreover, we counted the stomodeal trophallaxis occurrences from any workers to queens under three worker densities to explore the degree of cooperation according to worker density. We found that both the number of eggs and the total biomass accumulation significantly increased with increasing worker density in groups. Furthermore, the consumption of resources was similar between groups with the same number of individuals gathered in small or large nest areas, but the production of eggs and the biomass accumulation were higher in groups of small nest areas than in large nest areas. Additionally, we found the stomodeal trophallaxis behavior significantly increased in higher worker density groups. Our results suggest that the group benefits influenced by the high worker density may at least partially explain the group living of eusocial insects in ecology.</p>
Experimental Data for "Seismic wave attenuation and dispersion due to partial fluid saturation: Direct measurements and numerical simulations based on X-Ray CT"
<p>Experimental Data from a Berea sandstone sample. Includes X-ray CT scans and mechanical response of sample.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>Quantitatively assessing seismic attenuation caused by fluid pressure diffusion (FPD) in partially saturated rocks is challenging because of its sensitivity to the spatial fluid distribution. To address this challenge we performed depressurisation experiments to induce the exsolution of carbon dioxide from water in a Berea sandstone sample. In a first set of experiments we used medical X-ray computed tomography (CT) to characterise the fluid distribution. At an equilibrium pressure of ~1 MPa and applying a fluid pressure decline rate of ~0.6 MPa per minute, we allowed a change in saturation of less than 1 %. The gas was heterogeneously distributed along the length of the sample, with most of the gas exsolving near the sample outlet. In a second set of experiments, at the same pressure and temperature, following a very similar exsolution protocol, we measured the frequency dependent attenuation and modulus dispersion between 0.1 and 1000 Hz using the forced oscillation method. We observed significant attenuation and dispersion in the extensional and bulk deformation modes, however not in the shear mode. Lastly, we use the fluid distribution derived from the X-ray CT as an input for numerical simulations of FPD to compute the attenuation and modulus dispersion. The numerical solutions are in close agreement with the attenuation and modulus dispersion measured in the laboratory. Our methodology allows for accurately relating attenuation and dispersion to the fluid distribution, which can be applied to improving the seismic monitoring of the subsurface.</p>
Data from: First direct measurements of behavioural responses by Cuvier's beaked whales to mid-frequency active sonar
Most marine mammal strandings coincident with naval sonar exercises have involved Cuvier's beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris). We recorded acoustic and animal movement data on two tagged Ziphius and obtained the first direct measurements of behavioural responses of this species to mid-frequency active (MFA) sonar signals. Each recording included a 30-minute playback (one 1.6-s simulated MFA sonar signal repeated every 25 s); one whale was also incidentally exposed to MFA sonar from distant naval exercises. Whales responded strongly to playbacks at low received levels (89-127 dB re1µPa): after ceasing normal fluking and echolocation, they swam rapidly, silently away, extending both dive duration and subsequent non-foraging interval. Distant sonar exercises (78-106 dB re 1 µPa) did not elicit such responses, suggesting that context may moderate reactions. The observed responses to playback occurred at received levels well below current regulatory thresholds; equivalent responses to operational sonars could elevate stranding risk and reduce foraging efficiency.
Supplementary files of Jorge M G, Brennand T A. Measuring (subglacial) bedform orientation, one-dimensional size, and directional shape - method accuracy. PLOS ONE, revision phase.
<p>S1: shapefile of longitudinal subglacial bedform dataset.<br /> S2: spreadsheet with Fig. 6 signed error distributions.</p> <p> </p>
Direct measurement of Tan's contact in a one-dimensional Lieb-Liniger gas
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Measurement report: The importance of biomass burning in light extinction and direct radiative effect of urban aerosol during the COVID-19 lockdown in Xi'an, China
<p>To explore the impacts of anthropogenic emissions on aerosol optical properties and direct radiative effect (DRE), a series of real-time measurements was conducted in an urban area of China before and during the lockdown of Coronavirus Disease 2019. The generalized addictive model analysis shows that the light extinction coefficient (<em>b</em><sub>ext</sub>) decreased largely during the lockdown due to the sharp reductions in anthropogenic emissions. Organic aerosol was the largest contributor to <em>b</em><sub>ext</sub> based on the ridge regression analysis. A hybrid environmental receptor model combining with chemical and optical variables shows that <em>b</em><sub>ext</sub> from biomass burning increased in the lockdown due to the undiminished needs of residential cooking and heating in winter. Biomass burning contributed the largest positive effect to aerosol DRE in the atmosphere during the lockdown, highlighting the importance of controlling biomass burning for mitigating climate change in China in the future.</p>
Direct tailpipe measurements of δ15N-NH3 at different emission stages
<p>Vehicle details, NH<sub>3</sub> concentrations and <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N-NH<sub>3</sub> values for collected exhaust samples (triplicate).</p>
Plant measurements and analytical results of direct and indirect iron deficiency of grapevine rootstocks
<p>Iron deficiency causes severe symptoms of leaf chlorosis with many crop species. In many cases the stess situation is induced by high lime stone content in soils. This study analyzed the response of grapevine rootstocks to no iron availability (-Fe) and a reduced iron availability (+Fe+BiC) with the aim to differentiate the response reaction. Plants were grown as woody cutting in pots filled with sand and fertilized with an half-strength Hoagland solution. Mesurements taken and data were obtained from samples collected at the end of the experiment after 4 weeks.</p>
Fig. 3 in Direct Growth Measurements of Two Deep-sea Scalpellid Barnacles, Scalpellum stearnsii and Graviscalpellum pedunculatum
Fig. 3. in situ shell increment after 350-d deployment of Scalpellum stearnsii (narrow strip below the light calceinstained band). Pictures under fluorescent and normal light were overlaid.
Fig. 2 in Direct Growth Measurements of Two Deep-sea Scalpellid Barnacles, Scalpellum stearnsii and Graviscalpellum pedunculatum
Fig. 2. Changes in capitulum lengths of Scalpellum stearnsii (solid lines) and Graviscalpellum pedunculatum (broken lines between 35 - 55 mm) over 8-month rearing at Nara (a) and 2-year rearing at Okinawa (b). Different colors indicate different individuals.
Fig. 1 in Direct Growth Measurements of Two Deep-sea Scalpellid Barnacles, Scalpellum stearnsii and Graviscalpellum pedunculatum
Fig. 1. Scalpellid barnacles Scalpellum stearnsii (a) and Graviscalpellum pedunculatum (b). The S. stearnsii individual showed maximum absolute increments at Okinawa, with small shell plates. Capitulum length measured is shown as a black line.
Dataset for "Direct Measurement of the Viscosity of Ternary Aerosol Mixtures"
<p>The archive file PhasePOPS_Data.zip contains all the data collected from transition temperature measurement experiments. </p> <p>All data files are in .csv format.<br> Files in PhaePOPS_size are for size-dependent measurements of sucrose discussed in section 2.3 of the paper. Data from POPS and temperature controller was collected on separate systems. There is a single file for POPS which includes data for all size-dependent measurements and multiple files for temperature controller data, sorted by the date of performed experiment. The metadata file in each folder explains the variable column used in the data file/s. <br> Files in PhasePOPS_mixtures are for sucrose, citric acid, and tartaric acid mixture experiments. The sampling strategy is discussed in section 2.4 of the paper. A single file includes all data for performed experiments from POPS, DMA and temperature controller. The attached metadata file explains the variable column in data file.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.