Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-zeroSep 2022View details →

Data from: Development and validation of targeted environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding for early detection of 69 invasive fishes and aquatic invertebrates

Invasive species are of concern due to their impacts on ecosystems and economies, but they pose significant control challenges. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a powerful tool in the detection of aquatic organisms at low densities due to high sensitivity and ease of collection. Aquatic eDNA analyses have increased worldwide and are generally either applied to a few target species (quantitative PCR) or for broad taxonomic applications (metabarcoding). Here we describe the development and testing of a hybrid approach that utilized high sensitivity PCR primer sets and high-throughput sequencing (HTS), referred to as targeted metabarcoding, to detect 69 fishes and invertebrates. We identified target species based on reports of globally important invasive species and developed two independent PCR primers for each species (CO1 and a second mtDNA region). We assessed sensitivity and eDNA interference for all 138 primers (2 per species, 69 species) using standard end-point PCR and tested them on 10 eDNA samples spiked with various amounts of one or more of the target species' DNA. The sensitivity of the 138 primer sets ranged between 1.5×10-5 and 2.64 ng template DNA (mean = 0.069 ng). Primers were also tested for interference effects using plankton eDNA to simulate field conditions. The inclusion of interfering plankton DNA reduced the sensitivity for most primer sets by one or more orders of magnitude (range 0 to 3). Overall, our targeted metabarcoding resulted in the detection of ~ 98% of species in the DNA spiked samples, and, perhaps more importantly, the HTS read count was positively related to the quantity of spiked DNA (P < 0.002). We envision this technique being particularly useful for the early detection of species at low population densities; however, there are diverse applications of targeted metabarcoding for monitoring aquatic community composition and quantifying ecosystem change and health.

opencc-zeroJul 2024View details →

Data from: Early detection of human impacts using acoustic monitoring: an example with forest elephants

The impacts of human activities and climate change on animal populations often take considerable time before they are reflected in typical measures of population health such as population size, demography, and landscape use. Earlier detection of such impacts could enhance the effectiveness of conservation strategies, particularly for species with slow population growth. Passive acoustic monitoring is increasingly used to estimate occupancy and population size, but this tool can also monitor subtle shifts in behavior that might be early indicators of changing impacts. Here we use data from an acoustic grid, monitoring 1250 km2 of forest in the northern Republic of Congo, to study how forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) assess the risk of poaching across a landscape that includes a national park as well as active and inactive logging concessions. By quantifying emerging patterns of behavior at the population level, arising from individual-based decisions, we gain an understanding of how elephants perceive their landscape along an axis of human disturbance. Forest elephants in relatively undisturbed forests are active nearly equally day and night. However, they become more nocturnal when exposed to a perceived risk such as poaching. We assessed elephant perception of risk by monitoring changes in the likelihood of nocturnal activity relative to differing levels of human activity. We show that logging is perceived to be a risk on short-time and small spatial scales but with little effect on animal density. However, risk avoidance persisted in areas with relatively easy access to poachers and in more open habitats where poaching has historically been concentrated. Increased nocturnal activity is a common response in many animals to human intrusion on the landscape. Provided a species is acoustically active, passive acoustic monitoring can measure changes in human impact at the early stages of such change, informing management priorities.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Dataset for: Designing a surveillance program for early detection of alien plants and insects in Norway

Naturalized species of alien plants and animals comprise < 3% of biodiversity recorded in Norway but have had major impacts on natural ecosystems through displacement of native species. Encroachment of alien species has been especially problematic for coastal sites close to transport facilities and urban areas with high-density housing. The goal of our field project was to design and test a surveillance program for early detection of alien species of vascular plants and terrestrial insects at the first phase of establishment in natural areas. In our 3-year project (2018–2020), we sampled 60 study plots in three counties in the Oslofjord region of southern Norway. Study plots (6.25 ha) were selected by two criteria: manual selection based on expert opinion (27 plots) or by random selection based on weights from a hotspot analysis of occurrence of alien species (33 plots). Vascular plants were surveyed by two experienced botanists who found a total of 239 alien species of vascular plants in 95 rounds of surveys. Insects and other invertebrates were captured with a single Malaise trap per site, with 3-4 rounds of repeated sampling. We used DNA-metabarcoding to identify invertebrates based on DNA extractions from crushed insects or from the preservative media. Over 3,500 invertebrate taxa were detected in 255 rounds of sampling. We recorded 20 alien species of known risk and 115 species that were new to Norway, including several 'doorknocker' species identified by previous risk assessments. We modeled the probabilities of occupancy (y) and detection (p) with occupancy models with repeated visits by multiple observers (vascular plants) or multiple rounds of sampling (insects). The two probabilities covaried with risk category for alien organisms and both were low for species categorized as no known or low risk (range = 0.052 to 0.326) but were higher for species categorized as severe risk (range = 0.318 to 0.651). Selecting sites at random or manually did not improve the probability of finding novel alien species, but occupancy had a weak positive relationship with housing density for some categories of alien plants and insects. We used our empirical estimates to test alternative sampling designs that would minimize the combined variance of occupancy and detection (A-optimality criterion). Sampling designs with 8–10 visits per site were best for surveillance of new alien species if the probabilities of occupancy and detection were both low, and provided low conditional probabilities of site occupancy (psi-hat(cond) £ 0.032) and a high probabilities of cumulative detection (p-hat(star) ³ 0.943). Our field results demonstrate that early detection is feasible as a key component of a national surveillance program based on early detection and rapid response (EDRR).

zenodo36/100

Toward Early and Objective Hand Osteoarthritis Detection by using EMG during grasps

Dataset analyzed in the study "Toward Early and Objective Hand Osteoarthritis Detection by using EMG during grasps". Use of the data requires proper reference to [1]. Dataset contains Electromyographic data from forearm, recorded with an 8-channel sEMG Biometrics Ltd. device. The fields contained in the structure are those detailed in the following scheme:: <ul> <li>Group: 0 for healthy subjects; 1 for HOA patients</li> <li>Subject: subject ID;</li> <li>Grasp: grasp ID, according to Figure 1 [1];</li> <li>Raw EMG data (7 columns): Raw sEMG data without any filter and not resampled, for the seven representative spot areas according to [2].</li> </ul> [1] Jarque-Bou, N.J.; Gracia-Ibáñez, V.; Roda-Sales, A.; Bayarri-Porcar, V.; Sancho-Bru, J.L.; Vergara, M. Toward Early and Objective Hand Osteoarthritis Detection by Using EMG during Grasps. Sensors 2023, 23, 2413. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052413 [2] Jarque-Bou, N. J., Vergara, M., Sancho-Bru, J. L., Alba, R.-S. & Gracia-Ibáñez, V. Identification of forearm skin zones with similar muscle activation patterns during activities of daily living. J. NeuroEngineering Rehabil. (2018).

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Early detection and environmental drivers of sewage fungus outbreaks in rivers

Sewage effluent is a major ongoing threat to water quality and biodiversity in freshwater environments. It can cause outbreaks of sewage fungus (filamentous bacteria which form macroscopic masses) but, until now, these were only qualitatively recorded from visual inspection, ignoring microscopic forms. Here, we used an innovative method which combines machine learning, microscopy and flow cytometry, to rapidly and efficiently quantify the presence and abundance of sewage fungus in rivers. Our study involved 11 rivers with (n=6) and without (n=5) sewage input in the south-west of England over four sampling occasions. We were able to detect and enumerate the filaments before masses became visible to the naked eye and, as expected, we found a higher number of filaments downstream of sites where treated sewage was offloaded into the river. Therefore, our detection method could be used as a 'canary in the coal mine' for future outbreaks allowing early intervention. Combining our quantitative data on filaments with data on the physical and chemical parameters of the rivers, we found that high conductivity, sulphate, nitrates and TDS were associated with the presence and proliferation of sewage fungus. This information can be extremely useful for regulatory bodies and water companies to develop mitigating strategies and action to prevent future outbreaks.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Confocal Endoscopic Microscopy for Detection of Early Stage Gastric Cancer in Subjects With Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer Syndrome

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03648879. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

SAGE for the Early Detection of Cognitive Impairment at Primary Care Provider Visits

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04063371. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Improving DFU Outcomes: Early Detection of Foot Ulcers Using Novel Technology

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05968924. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.

Early Detection of GEnetic Risk (EDGE)

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04746794. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

Psychosis: Early Detection, Intervention and Prevention

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01597141. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

Evaluation of the SEM Scanner 200 for the Detection of Early Pressure Ulcers: A Multi-Site Longitudinal Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02701101. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Detecting an Early Response to Donepezil With Measures of Visual Attention

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03073876. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Heart CT Imaging to Detect Early Coronary Artery Disease in First-Degree Relatives With High or Low Lipoprotein(a) Identified Through Family Screening

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06995183. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Effect of Health Education on Female Teachers' Knowledge and Practices Regarding Early Breast Cancer Detection and Screening in the Jazan Area: A Quasi-Experimental Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03398057. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Menstrual Cup for Early Endometrial Cancer Detection in Lynch Syndrome

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07220239. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

Study of the Sensitivity of Manual vs Electric Aspiration to Detect Completed Early Abortion

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01085825. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

Study to Improve Detection and Early Recurrence Rate in Bladder Cancer Patients Using Hexvix Fluorescence Cystoscopy

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00233402. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 5. Publications: 1.

publicNov 2022View details →

Dataset for: Designing a surveillance program for early detection of alien plants and insects in Norway

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.