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53 results for “egg production”
Data from: Quorum-sensing signaling by chironomid egg masses' microbiota affects haemagglutinin/protease (HAP) production by Vibrio cholerae
<p><i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, the causative agent of cholera, is commonly isolated, along with other bacterial species, from chironomid insects (<i>Diptera: Chironomide</i>). Nevertheless, its prevalence in the chironomid egg masses' microbiota is less than 0.5%. <i>V. cholerae</i> secretes haemagglutinin/protease (HAP) that degrades the gelatinous matrix of chironomid egg masses and prevents hatching. Quorum sensing (QS) activates HAP production in response to accumulation of bacterial autoinducers (AIs). Our aim was to define the impact of chironomid microbiota on HAP production by <i>V. cholerae</i>. To study QS signaling, we used<i> V. cholerae</i> bioluminescence reporter strains (QS-proficient O1 El-Tor wild type and QS-deficient mutants) and different bacterial species that we isolated from chironomid egg masses. These egg mass isolates, as well as a synthetic AI-2, caused an enhancement in <i>lux</i> expression by a <i>V. cholerae</i> QS-deficient mutant. The addition of the egg mass bacterial isolate supernatant to the QS-deficient mutant also enhanced HAP production and egg mass degradation activities. Moreover, the <i>V. cholerae</i> wild type strain was able to proliferate using egg masses as their sole carbon source while the QS-deficient was not. The results demonstrate that members of the chironomid bacterial consortium produce external chemical cues that, like AI-2, induce expression of the<i> hapA </i>gene in <i>V. cholerae</i>. Understanding the interactions between <i>V. cholerae</i> and the insects' microbiota may help uncover the interactions between this pathogen and the human gut microbiota.</p>
Data from: The link between host density and egg production in a parasitoid insect: comparison between agricultural and natural habitats
1. Theory predicts that organisms should invest in overcoming a factor that may limit their reproductive success in direct proportion to their probability of being limited by it. The occurrence of egg limitation (where female insects deplete their eggs while oviposition opportunities are still available) is predicted to impose selection for increased fecundity at the expense of other fitness components. 2. We tested the hypothesis that the fecundity of a proovigenic parasitoid (where females emerge with their full egg load) should be positively correlated with the mean expectation for oviposition opportunities in the environment. More specifically, we tested whether females from agricultural systems, where hosts are often relatively abundant, emerge with more eggs than those from natural habitats. 3. We studied the proovigenic parasitoid wasp Anagrus daanei, which parasitizes eggs of leafhoppers of the genus Erythroneura. Erythroneura spp. leafhoppers feed on Vitis spp. (grapes) and are major pests of commercial vineyards as well as common herbivores of wild Vitis californica, which grows in riparian habitats. We sampled leafhoppers and parasitoids from eight vineyards and eight riparian habitats in central California. 4. We found that leafhopper density was higher at vineyards than in riparian habitats, whereas leafhopper egg size and parasitoid body size did not differ among these habitat types. Parasitoids from vineyards had higher egg loads than parasitoids from wild grapes, and fecundity was positively related to host density across field sites. Parasitoid egg volume was larger in natural sites; however, this variation was not significantly correlated with host density across field sites. Within a single population of parasitoids collected from a vineyard, parasitoid egg load was negatively correlated with longevity, suggesting a trade-off between reproduction and lifespan. 5. The results may be explained by a rapid evolution of reproductive traits in response to oviposition opportunities; or alternatively, by the occurrence of maternal effects on the fecundity of daughters based on the foraging experience of their mothers. 6. The ability of parasitoid fecundity to track mean host availability may strengthen the ability of parasitoids to suppress the population densities of their hosts, and hence may represent an important ecological or eco-evolutionary feedback.
Effects of Layer Housing Systems on Egg Production and Quality, Hematological and Serum Metabolites of White Leghorn Layers.
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Annual egg productivity predicts female-biased mortality in avian species
<p>Among avian species, the differential cost entailed by either sex in competition for mates have been regarded as the main evolutionary influence on sex differences in mortality rates. However, empirical evidence suggests that sex-biased adult mortality is mainly related to differential energy investment in gamete production, a greater annual mass devoted to egg production leading to higher female mortality. We explicitly tested the generality of this pattern in a comparative framework. Annual egg production can be relatively large in some species (up to 200% of female body mass) and annual mortality is generally biased towards females. We showed that greater annual egg productivity resulted in higher mortality rates of females relative to males. Mating system was secondarily important, species where males were more involved in mating competition having more equal mortality rates between the sexes. However, both traits explained only a limited fraction of the interspecific variation in female-biased mortality. Other traits, such as sexual size dimorphism and parental care, had much weaker influences on female-biased mortality. Our results suggest that both annual mass devoted to gamete production by females and mating system contribute to the evolution of the fundamental life-history trade-off between reproduction and survival in avian taxa.</p>
Data from: Variation in male-built nest volume with nesting-support quality, colony and egg production in whiskered terns
<p class="Standard"><span>Nest building can represent an energetically-costly activity for a variety of animal taxa. Besides, the determinants of within-species variation in the design of nests, notably with respect to natural and sexual selection, are still insufficiently documented. Based on an observational study, we examined the influence of nesting conditions (nesting-support quality, colony, laying date, and year) on male-built nest volume and also its potential role as a post-mating sexually-selected display in the whiskered tern <i>Chlidonias hybrida</i>. This tern species is a monogamous colonial bird with obligate bi-parental care breeding on aquatic vegetation. Hence, large nesting platforms are expected to be a selective advantage because they would better withstand adverse environmental conditions and provide a secure structure for eggs. Nest size may also serve as a post-mating sexual trait, and variation in egg production would be positively associated to nest size. We found that nest volume was adjusted to different environmental cues. A positive relationship was found between nest volume and nesting-support quality indicating that the leaf density of white waterlily is essential for nest stability. Variation in nest volume was not correlated to colony size but varied among colonies and years. Male-built nest volume was also positively associated with mean egg volume per clutch but not with clutch size. The fitness consequences of building a large nest are yet to be studied, and, additional investigations are recommended to better understand whether the activity of males early during breeding season (e.g. nest building and courtship feeding performance) really serves as post-mating sexually-selected signals.</span></p>
Figure 3 in Egg production of two sympatric species of Hyalella Smith, 1874 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) in aquaculture ponds in southern Brazil
Figure 3. Mean ± standard error of fecundity in each season. Only females carrying eggs (stage I, II and III) were considered in the analysis. Bars with at least one letter in common did not differ statistically (analysis of variance and Bonferroni; α = 0.05). Hyalella pleoacuta (A) and H. castroi (B).
Figure 2 in Egg production of two sympatric species of Hyalella Smith, 1874 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) in aquaculture ponds in southern Brazil
Figure 2. Relative frequency (%) of the different embryonic and postembryonic developmental stages during the year in Hyalella pleoacuta (A) and H. castroi (B).
Figure 1 in Egg production of two sympatric species of Hyalella Smith, 1874 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) in aquaculture ponds in southern Brazil
Figure 1. Monthly mean fecundity and mean size of ovigerous females. Only females carrying eggs (stage I, II and III) were considered in the analysis. Hyalella pleoacuta (A) and H. castroi (B).
Relationship between Bone Stability and Egg Production in Genetically Divergent Chicken Layer Lines
<p>Physiological parameters of chicken</p> <p>Feed consumption</p> <p>Egg production</p> <p>Bone stability</p> <p>Egg/Eggshell weight</p> <p>Egg quality</p>
The Effect of Eggs and Egg Products on Macular Pigment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00527553. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
A novel pattern of germ cell divisions in the production of Hymenopteran insect eggs
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Annual egg productivity predicts female-biased mortality in avian species
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Data from: Quorum-sensing signaling by chironomid egg masses’ microbiota affects haemagglutinin/protease (HAP) production by Vibrio cholerae
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Data from: Variation in male-built nest volume with nesting-support quality, colony and egg production in whiskered terns
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Data from: The link between host density and egg production in a parasitoid insect: comparison between agricultural and natural habitats
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Copepod Egg Production Rates from CCE Process Cruises, 2011-2019 (ongoing).
Egg production rates were determined on CCE process cruises for three species of copepod: Calanus pacificus, Metridia pacifica, and Eucalanus californicus. Copepods were collected by bongo net and adult females were promptly sorted into individual Petri dishes. Dishes were checked for eggs every 12 hours for a period of 24 hours for C. pacificus and M. pacifica, and 72 hours for E. californicus. Egg production rates are expressed as eggs per female per day. Eggs were incubated for an additional 36 hours for assessment of hatching success. The prosome length of the adult females was measured by ocular micrometer. Egg production rates can be used as a metric of secondary production.
Data from: The regulation of behavioral plasticity by performance-based feedback and an experimental test with avian egg production
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Data from: Incubation time as an important influence on egg production and distribution into clutches for sauropod dinosaurs
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Data from: Active prey mixing as an explanation for polyphagy in predatory arthropods: synergistic dietary effects on egg production despite a behavioural cost
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Data from: Surrounding pathogens shape maternal egg care but not egg production in the European earwig
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.