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Figure 9 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 9. Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, Utö Island, Finland, 13 April 2013, with increased phaeomelanin resulting in predominantly reddish-brown plumage (Jorma Tenovuo)

Figure 7 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 7. Melanistic Water Rail Rallus aquaticus (NHMUK 1939.12.9.3699, Ireland, 13 November 1902), with increased eumelanin, resulting in almost solid black plumage (Harry Taylor, © Natural History Museum, London) Figure 8A. Melanistic Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago (NHMUK 1939.12.9.3643, Ireland), the same form as was previously described as Sabine's Snipe Scolopax sabinii Vigors, 1825; (B) Melanistic Common Quail Coturnix coturnix (NHMUK 1996.41.442, England, 1895), the same form as was previously described as Verreaux's Quail Synoicus lodoisiae Verreaux & des Murs, 1862 (Harry Taylor, © Natural History Museum, London)

Figure 27 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 27. Depiction in Schaaning (1921) of another form of melanism in Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix that changes the pattern and markings, resulting in a paler appearance than normal (Hein van Grouw, © Natural History Museum, London)

Figure 2 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 2. Feral Pigeons Columba livia: (A) wild phenotype, Leiden, the Netherlands, 19 August 2007; the grey wing-coverts and black wingbars are the result of different distribution of the same quantity of black melanin granules (Hein van Grouw); (B) T-pattern chequer, Leiden, the Netherlands, 19 August 2007; as a result of a dominant mutation of the pattern gene, the pigmentation over almost the entire wings is distributed as usually found only in the black wingbars, resulting in a blackish appearance, but the rump, tail and underparts are unaffected (Hein van Grouw); (C) Black, Leiden, the Netherlands, 19 August 2007; due to a dominant mutation known as 'spread', all pigment granules are equally spread, resulting in black plumage throughout (Hein van Grouw); (D) Recessive red, Pismo, California, USA; due to a recessive mutation of the extension gene that inactivates MC1R, phaeomelanin alone is produced (Robert Shriner)

Figure 26 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 26. Another form of melanism in Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix specimens at Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, which alters the pattern and markings, resulting in a paler appearance than normal; compare female with right-hand bird in Fig. 24. (Hein van Grouw)

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2019View details →

PROSEU Renewable Energy Country Fact Sheets

As part of work package nº2 of the H2020 PROSEU project, which aimed to establish a baseline review and characterisation of renewable energy sources (RES) prosumer (self-consumption) initiatives across Europe, data were collected for nine EU member states as well as the EU as a whole in order to sketch and compare the Renewable Energy settings that these initiatives are developing in. These data were organised according to 20 indicators and summarised in “country fact sheets”.

TABLE 1 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

TABLE 1 Some examples of melanistic individuals named as new species.<table><tbody><tr><th>‘New’ species</th><th>Actual species</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Mountain Partridge, Perdix montana Brisson, 1760</th><td>Grey Partridge Perdix perdix (Linnaeus, 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Sabine’s Snipe Scolopax sabinii Vigors, 1825</th><td>Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus, 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Dicaeum aterrimum Lesson, 1830</th><td>Bananaquit Coereba flaveola (Linnaeus, 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Pyrocephalus obscurus Gould, 1839</th><td>Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus (Boddaert, 1783)</td></tr><tr><th>Chestnut-coloured Partridge Ortyx castaneus Gould, 1842</th><td>Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus, 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Black Fantail Rhipidura melanura G. R. Gray, 1843</th><td>New Zealand Fantail Rhipidura fuliginosa (Sparrman, 1787)</td></tr><tr><th>Black Woodhen Gallirallus fuscus Du Bus, 1847</th><td>Weka Gallirallus australis (Sparrman, 1786)</td></tr><tr><th>English Rock Dove Columba affinis Blyth, 1847</th><td>Rock Dove Columba livia J. F. Gmelin, 1789</td></tr><tr><th>Rufous-bellied Coucal Centropus epomidis Bonaparte, 1850</th><td>Senegal Coucal Centropus senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766)</td></tr><tr><th>Black-shouldered Peafowl Pavo nigripennis P. L. Sclater, 1860</th><td>Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758</td></tr><tr><th>Perdix atro-rufa Soland, 1861</th><td>Red-legged Partridge Alectoris rufa (Linnaeus 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Verreaux’s Quail Synoicus lodoisiae J. Verreaux & des Murs, 1862</th><td>Common Quail Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus, 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Black Penguin Eudyptes atratus Hutton, 1875</th><td>Fiordland Penguin Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G. R. Gray, 1845</td></tr><tr><th>Tetrastes griseiventris Menzbier, 1880</th><td>Hazel Grouse Tetrastes bonasia (Linnaeus, 1758)</td></tr><tr><th>Monarcha ugiensis Ramsay, 1882</th><td>Chestnut-bellied Monarch Monarch castaneiventris J. Verreaux, 1858</td></tr><tr><th>Cory’s Bittern Ardetta neoxena Cory, 1886</th><td>Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis (J. F. Gmelin, 1789)</td></tr><tr><th>Sharpe’s Rail Stictolimnas sharpei Büttikofer, 1893</th><td>Buff-banded Rail Gallirallus philippensis (Linnaeus, 1766)</td></tr><tr><th>Von Huegel’s Snipe Gallinago huegeli Tristram, 1893</th><td>New Zealand Snipe Coenocorypha aucklandica (G. R. Gray 1845)</td></tr><tr><th>Willkonsky’s Owl Syrnium willkonskii Menzbier, 1896</th><td>Tawny Owl Strix aluco Linnaeus, 1758</td></tr></tbody></table>

Figure 23 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 23. Pl. 14 in A. B. Meyer (1887) Unser Auer-, Rackel-und Birkwild und seine Abarten showing Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix × ptarmigan Lagopus sp. hybrids (Hein van Grouw, © Natural History Museum, London)

Figure 12 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 12. Melanistic morph of Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla heineken, Madeira, 27 April 2008; the normal black head markings have overrun their boundaries, whilst the rest of the plumage is darker as well (Hadoram Shirihai)

Figure 1 in The dark side of birds: melanism-facts and fiction

Figure 1. Hand-coloured copper engraving of 'Perdix fuscus' from Vorstellung der Vögel Deutschlands (1763) by Johann Leonhard Frisch; the same mutation as Brisson's Perdix montana, i.e. a melanistic Grey Partridge P. perdix (Hein van Grouw, © Natural History Museum, London)

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Openfood fact JSON file

<pre>Data extracted from <a href="http://https://wiki.openfoodfacts.org/Open_Food_Facts_Search_API_Version_2">openfood</a> fact API. To extract it from the endpoint run </pre> <pre><code class="language-bash">curl "https://world.openfoodfacts.org/cgi/search.pl?action=process&tagtype_0=categories&tag_contains_0=contains&tag_0=cheeses&tagtype_1=labels&&json=1" > /tmp/openfood.json</code></pre>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Framework for Assessing Changes To Sea-level (FACTS) Module Data

Input module data sets from the Framework for Assessing Changes To Sea-level. These files should be installed in the modules-data/ directory. See https://github.com/radical-collaboration/facts for more information.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Assessing the consistency of fact-checking in political debates

Dataset of the mixed-method study named "Assessing the consistency of fact-checking in political debates"

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Dataset of Israeli and Palestinian students' attitudes before and after playing games PeaceMaker and Fact Finders

203 Israeli and Palestinian students participated in a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design and played the games PeaceMaker and Fact Finders in a different order (Peace Maker first, Fact Finders second or Fact Finders first, Peace Maker second) or played one of the two games (either PeaceMaker or Fact Finders). Their viewpoints and attitudes towards both conflicts (Israel-Palestine conflict and Cyprus conflict) were measured before and after playing each game.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Images of Indians from Spanish Florida in the 16th Century. Truth and Lies, Speculation and Facts

videopresentation «IMAGES OF INDIANS FROM SPANISH FLORIDA IN THE XVI CENTURY. TRUTH AND LIES, SPECULATION AND FACTS» for the «THE RUSSIAN-AMERICAN RESEARCH NEXUS 2ND FORUM (RARN II Forum)»  23 April 2021 г. Session 3 (Moderator: David H. Dye [University of Memphis]) Konstantin Ashrafyan (Moscow Region State University). Images of Indians from Spanish Florida in the 16th Century. Truth and Lies, Speculation and Facts

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2020View details →

FakeCovid- A Multilingual Cross domain Fact Check Dataset for COVID-19

FakeCovid is the first multilingual cross-domain dataset of 7623 fact-checked news articles for COVID-19, collected from 04/01/2020 to 01/07/2020. We have collected the fact-checked articles from 92 fact-checking websites after obtaining references from Poynter and Snopes. We have manually annotated the collected articles into 11 categories of the fact-checked news according to their content. We ultimately generated dataset is in 40 languages from 105 countries.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Check Mate: Prioritizing User Generated Multi-Media Content for Fact-Checking

Given volume of content and misinformation on social media, there is a need for systems that can support fact checkers by prioritizing content that needs to be fact checked. Prior research on prioritizing content for fact-checking has focused on news media articles, predominantly in English language. But there is an increasing amount of misinformation in user-generated content. Furthermore, misinformation is generated through information across modalities. In this paper we present a novel dataset that can be used to prioritize check-worthy posts from multi-media content in Hindi. It is unique in its 1) focus on user generated content, 2) multi-modality and 3) Hindi as the primary language of content. In addition, we also provide metadata for each post such as number of shares and likes of the post on ShareChat, a popular Indian social media platform, that allows for correlative analysis around virality and misinformation.

dryad36/100

When fiction becomes fact: exaggerating host manipulation by parasites

In an era where some find fake news around every corner, the use of sensationalism has inevitably found its way into the scientific literature. This is especially the case for host manipulation by parasites, a phenomenon in which a parasite causes remarkable change in the appearance or behaviour of its host. This concept, which has deservedly garnered popular interest throughout the world in recent years, is nearly 50-years old. In the past two decades, the use of scientific metaphors, including anthropomorphisms and science fiction, to describe host manipulation has become more and more prevalent. It is possible that the repeated use of such catchy, yet misleading words in both the popular media and the scientific literature could unintentionally hamper our understanding of the complexity and extent of host manipulation, ultimately shaping its narrative in part or in full. In this commentary, the impacts of exaggerating host manipulation are brought to light by examining trends in the use of embellishing words. By looking at key examples of exaggerated claims from widely reported host-parasite systems found in the recent scientific literature, it would appear that some of the fiction surrounding host manipulation has since become fact.

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

Diabetes-fact template with checklists to study Deaf people's understanding about diabetes

This dataset contains 1) the template developed for analyzing Deaf respondent's understanding of diabetes, 2) the respondents' answers fit into the template, and 3) analyses on the respondents' answers in different topics.