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149 results for “farmers”
Data from: Agricultural specialisation increases the vulnerability of pollination services for smallholder farmers
<p>Smallholder farms make up 84% of all farms worldwide and feed two billion people. These farms are heavily reliant on ecosystem services and vulnerable to environmental change, yet under-represented in the ecological literature. The high diversity of crops in these systems makes it challenging to identify and manage the best providers of an ecosystem service, such as the best pollinators to meet the needs of multiple crops. It is also unclear whether ecosystem service requirements change as smallholders transition towards more specialised commercial farming – an increasing trend worldwide. Here, we present a new metric for predicting the species providing ecosystem services in diverse multi-crop farming systems. Working in 10 smallholder villages in rural Nepal, we use this metric to test whether key pollinators, and the management actions that support them, differ based on a farmers' agricultural priority (producing nutritious food to feed the family versus generating income from cash crops). We also test whether the resilience of pollination services changes as farmers specialise on cash crops. We show that a farmers' agricultural priority can determine the community of pollinators they rely upon. Wild insects including bumblebees, solitary bees, and flies provided the majority of the pollination service underpinning nutrient production, whilst income generation was much more dependent on a single species - the domesticated honeybee <em>Apis cerana</em>. The significantly lower diversity of pollinators supporting income generation leaves cash crop farmers more vulnerable to pollinator declines. Regardless of a farmers' agricultural priority, the same collection of wild plant species (mostly herbaceous weeds and shrubs) were important for supporting crop pollinators with floral resources. Promoting these wild plants is likely to enhance pollination services for all farmers in the region.</p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications:</em> We highlight the increased vulnerability of pollination services when smallholders transition to specialised cash crop farming and emphasise the role of crop, pollinator, and wild plant diversity in mitigating this risk. The method we present could be readily applied to other smallholder settings across the world to help characterise and manage the ecosystem services underpinning the livelihoods and nutritional health of smallholder families.</p>
Figure 3 in Perception of fungi by farmers in the Cerrado
Figure 3. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS), based on the Gower similarity index, that was carried out with the answers given by the research participants about their ability to identify fungi or fungal structures. Most respondents noted specimens with characteristics that reminded them of something they had already seen on their property and/or cultures, such as corticoid fungus (No. 9, in the images in detail), vegetative mycelium (No. 13), fungus lichenized (no. 16), and endophytic fungi (no. 5 and 10). These were recognized either because of plant diseases or the fungi they saw growing in compost or wood, which were more easily associated with being fungi. Organisms that did not clearly show these characteristics (such as non-fungal or crusted lichens) were mistakenly classified as fungi or received the "I don't know" option as an answer.
Figure 1 in Perception of fungi by farmers in the Cerrado
Figure 1. Setup of the organism plates presented to the research participants to assess knowledge of the Fungi Kingdom. The plate was composed of different biological structures, both belonging to the Fungi Kingdom (c), as well as to other groups (a, b), in order to encourage participants to reason and bring up previous knowledge about the group. The background knowledge was accumulated in different capacities by the participant (lectures, courses, conversations with acquaintances/family members, television programs, among other communication/learning vehicles). Numbers 1 to 20 represent the different materials collected. Source: prepared by the authors.
Figure 2 in Perception of fungi by farmers in the Cerrado
Figure 2. Different moments from the interviews about mycological knowledge carried out between agricultural producers of settlement projects in the City of Goiás, Goiás. (a-d) research participants are presented to the organism plates; (e) participant showing places where he has already found fungi; (f-h) moments of explanations about fungi; (i-l) different places where the interviews were conducted, that is, where the interviewees market their products: Municipal market (i) and the Organic Products Fair (j-l).
Figure 4 in Perception of fungi by farmers in the Cerrado
Figure 4. Comparison of the total number of correct and wrong answers in distinguishing fungal representatives between different living for conventional and in transition farmers with respect to their agroecological practices. Different letters in each set of responses represent statistically significant differences (P <0.05) after analysis of variance (Fanova: 30.34, P-value: <0.0001).
Data for Publication - Farmer Preferences and Selection Criteria for Shade Trees in Robusta Coffee Agroforestry Systems in Tshopo Province, DRC
<p>Data used for publication - "Farmer Preferences and Selection Criteria for Shade Trees in Robusta Coffee Agroforestry Systems in Tshopo Province, DRC"</p>
BIO4AFRICA_Survey Data Uganda - Analysis of the needs and contexts of target farmers and rural communities with a gender lens_D1.1_311022_1
<p>The results of this survey support the identification of the needs, challenges, and context of target farmers and rural communities and how, why and under which circumstances the social, economic, regulatory, institutional, market and political circumstances could act as a barrier or an enabler for the uptake of bio-based solutions.</p>
BIO4AFRICA_Survey Data Senegal - Analysis of the needs and contexts of target farmers and rural communities with a gender lens_D1.1_101022_1
<p>The results of this survey support the identification of the needs, challenges, and context of target farmers and rural communities and how, why and under which circumstances the social, economic, regulatory, institutional, market and political circumstances could act as a barrier or an enabler for the uptake of bio-based solutions.</p>
BIO4AFRICA_Survey Data Ghana - Analysis of the needs and contexts of target farmers and rural communities with a gender lens_D1.1_101022_1
<p>The results of this survey support the identification of the needs, challenges, and context of target farmers and rural communities and how, why and under which circumstances the social, economic, regulatory, institutional, market and political circumstances could act as a barrier or an enabler for the uptake of bio-based solutions.</p>
BIO4AFRICA_Survey Data Ivory Coast - Analysis of the needs and contexts of target farmers and rural communities with a gender lens_D1.1_311022_1
<p>The results of this survey support the identification of the needs, challenges, and context of target farmers and rural communities and how, why and under which circumstances the social, economic, regulatory, institutional, market and political circumstances could act as a barrier or an enabler for the uptake of bio-based solutions.</p>
BIO4AFRICA_Co-definition of technologies to be transferred with local farmers and communities - Technology Validation Data (Findings)_D1.4_021122_1
<p>Validation Data (Findings) for Task 1.4: Co-definition of technologies to be transferred with local farmers and communities.</p>
BIO4AFRICA_Co-definition of technologies to be transferred with local farmers and communities - Technology Validation Data (Demographics)_D1.4_311022_1
<p>Validation Data (Demographics) for Task 1.4: Co-definition of technologies to be transferred with local farmers and communities.</p>
Farmers' expectations and acceptance of new technologies involved in circular agriculture at the farm level
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Dataset description </td> <td>Data correspond to 149 farmers from four EU countries (Spain, Italy, Croatia, and the Czech Republic). This database contains information about farmer characteristics, farm structural characteristics, and farm management, and also contains preferences and attitudinal constructs (such as agribusiness objectives, and environmental attitudes and opinions) and variables related to questions about the potential adoption of the proposed innovations</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Collection</td> <td> Data was collected online from March to August 2021, using a survey instrument, administered to farmers face to face.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Utility</td> <td>The data provides insight into farmer acceptance of five different circular agricultural innovations designed to reduce nutrient loss at the farm level and focused on improving environmental sustainability.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Figs 7 -10. Pycnomerinx rhodesii Ricardo, genitalia. 7 -9. Skukuza d. 7. Lateral. 8. Dorsal. 9. Ventral. 10. Farmers Brigade S in Afrotropical Asilidae (Diptera) 20. The genus Pycnomerinx Hull, 1962 (Stenopogoninae)
Figs 7 -10. Pycnomerinx rhodesii Ricardo, genitalia. 7 -9. Skukuza d. 7. Lateral. 8. Dorsal. 9. Ventral. 10. Farmers Brigade S?, lateral. Scale line = 1 mm.
Data from: Agricultural specialisation increases the vulnerability of pollination services for smallholder farmers
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Who knows, who cares? Untangling ecological knowledge and nature connection among Amazonian colonist farmers
<p>Conservationists often assume that connection with and caring about nature's wellbeing is strongly linked to ecological knowledge. Existing evidence on the link between ecological knowledge and psychological nature connection is mixed, geographically limited to countries in the Global North, and does not scrutinize potential differences in determinants of ecological knowledge and nature connection.</p> <p>We investigate the relationship between psychological nature connection and ecological knowledge of local bird species and assess their associations with potential drivers, including access to, contact with, and reliance on nature and socio-demographic characteristics. Our study is carried among a novel participant population of colonist farmers living along a major deforestation frontier in the Brazilian Amazon.</p> <p>Our study context has high conservation relevance and provides an ideal setting to assess the extent to which conservation psychology's insights from the Global North hold true elsewhere. Tropical farm-forest frontiers suffer from intense habitat and biodiversity loss, and farmers with migrant origins are important yet rarely studied conservation stakeholders. Importantly, farmer's experiences of nature are likely to vary considerably due to the wide range of socio-demographic, economic, geographic, and cultural diversity.</p> <p>Interviewees scored highly on two indices of nature connection, but scores were higher among older people and those with greater contact with nature. Bird identification knowledge was generally low to moderate, and higher among men and younger people. Species more frequently recognised were regionally common, larger-bodied, or associated with non-forest habitats. 5. Ecological knowledge of birds and nature connection were not correlated, and they did not have any predictors in common. Our results indicate that colonist farmers are capable of forming strong connections with nature, even if they rarely possess detailed knowledge of local forest biodiversity. Considering the complex and apparently context-dependent relationship between knowing and caring about nature, it is unwise to assume that changing one would automatically affect the other.</p>
Data from: Farmer preferences for conservation incentives that promote voluntary phosphorus abatement in agricultural watersheds
Financial incentives are commonly used to promote voluntary adoption of agricultural best management practices (BMPs), but little is known about farmer preferences among alternative incentives. Using experimental procurement auctions, we evaluate how different conservation incentives affect farmer willingness to adopt BMPs that reduce phosphorus (P) runoff, a major driver of harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie. We rank incentives (e.g., payment, BMP insurance, tax credit, and certification price premium) by the cost per pound of P runoff reduction. Payments and tax credits that target high impact areas of the watershed are more cost-effective than untargeted price premiums for product certification. Farmers demand higher payments for contracts offering BMP insurance (i.e., protection against yield loss from BMP use) due to uncertainty about how the program will be implemented and the reliability of indemnities, as well as anticipated transaction costs associated with the program. Understanding farmer preferences for different types of conservation incentives is critical to design agri-environmental programs that engage more farmers and cost-effectively enhance ecosystem services.
Supplementary data on learning about German farmers' willingness to cooperate from public goods games and expert predictions
<p>Supplemental files on learning about German farmers' willingness to cooperate from public goods games and expert predictions. </p>
Determinants of climate-smart agriculture adoption and crop productivity among smallholder farmers in Nyimba district, Zambia
<p>Data was collected among smallholder farmers' households in the Nyimba district of Zambia in a view to find determinants for crop productivity and adoption of climate-smart agriculture practices. </p> <p> </p>
Farmers' preference of Indigenous legume fodder trees and shrubs in semi humid condition of southern Ethiopia
<p>the study was conducted to asses the farmers feed value preferance of the indigenous legume fodder tree and shrub species. 21 ILFTS species were identified the farmers preferance score was assesed for all the species. focus group discussion was held to determine the parameters for the preferance score. accordingly five parameters namely feed value, growth rate, biomass yield, compatability and multifuctionality were identified the parameters for prefrance scoring. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.