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108 results for “fire ant”
Data from: Ant community and habitat limit colony establishment by the fire ant, Solenopis invicta
Hypotheses of community assembly include limitation through habitat physical attributes, as well as competition among species. Such hypotheses must be resolved through experimental tests. Previous experiments have shown that: (i) fire ants of the monogyne social form occur mostly in highly disturbed habitat where they do not compete with mature colonies of co-occurring ants; (ii) in native pine forests of northern Florida, habitat disturbance favours fire ants while simultaneously reducing native ants; (iii) fire ants thrive in these disturbances but do not persist as these become less disturbed over time; and finally, (iv) newly mated, dispersing/colony-founding fire ant queens settle preferentially in such disturbed sites. We now show that by choosing disturbed sites, newly mated, monogyne fire ant queens greatly increase their chances of successful colony establishment. Experimental plots were created in the native ground cover of a north Florida pine forest with all combinations of tilling, shading or reduction of the native ant community. Newly mated fire ant queens, incipient colonies and small colonies were planted in these plots. Only five of 980 (0·5%) newly mated queen nests survived after 120 days, and only five of 400 incipient colonies (1·3%) survived after 30 days. All survivors were in plots with tilling and/or native ant reduction. Extrapolation indicated that 0·04% of newly mated queens and 0·1% of incipient colonies were likely to have survived at 1 year. In contrast, planting small colonies resulted in much higher rates of survival – in plots with native ant reduction, fire ants increased on baits throughout the year but decreased in unreduced control plots. Fifteen months after planting 108 colonies, 21 mounds (19%) were found in the ant-reduced plots, but <2% of 108 colonies survived in the control plots. Taken together, these results show that by landing in disturbed habitat with its reduced native ant population, newly mated fire ants queens increase their chances of successful colony establishment. In contrast to much of the previous literature, our results suggest that ant community assembly proceeds primarily by queen habitat choice and secondarily by filtering and competition.
Data from: Unexpected patterns of segregation distortion at a selfish supergene in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta
Background: The Sb supergene in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta determines the form of colony social organization, with colonies whose inhabitants bear the element containing multiple reproductive queens and colonies lacking it containing only a single queen. Several features of this supergene — including suppressed recombination, presence of deleterious mutations and abundant transposable elements, association with a large centromere, and "green-beard" behavior — suggest that it may be a selfish genetic element that engages in transmission ratio distortion (TRD), defined as significant departures in progeny allele frequencies from Mendelian inheritance ratios. We tested this possibility by surveying segregation ratios in embryo progenies of 101 queens of the "polygyne" social form (3512 embryos) using three supergene-linked markers and twelve markers not associated with the supergene. Results: Significant departures from Mendelian ratios were observed at the supergene loci in 3-5 times more progenies than expected in the absence of TRD and than found, on average, among non-supergene loci. Also, supergene loci displayed the greatest mean deviations from Mendelian ratios among all study loci, although these typically were modest. A surprising feature of the observed inter-progeny variation in TRD was that significant deviations involved not only excesses of supergene alleles but also similarly frequent excesses of the alternate alleles on the homologous chromosome. As expected given the common occurrence of such "drive reversal," alleles associated with the supergene evidently gain no consistent transmission advantage over their alternate alleles at the population level. Finally, we observed low levels of recombination and incomplete gametic disequilibrium across the supergene, including between adjacent markers within a single inversion. Conclusions: Our data confirm the prediction that the Sb supergene is a selfish genetic element capable of biasing its own transmission during reproduction, yet counterselection for suppressor loci evidently has produced an evolutionary stalemate in TRD between the variant homologous haplotypes on the "social chromosome". Evidence implicates prezygotic segregation distortion as responsible for the TRD we document, with "true" meiotic drive the most likely mechanism. Low levels of recombination and incomplete gametic disequilibrium across the supergene suggest that selection does not act to preserve a single uniform supergene haplotype.
Data from: The fire ant social supergene is characterized by extensive gene and transposable element copy number variation
In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, a supergene composed of ~600 genes and having two variants, SB and Sb, regulates colony social form. In single queen colonies all individuals carry only the SB allele, while in multiple queen colonies, some individuals carry the Sb allele. In this study we characterized genes with copy number variation between SB and Sb-carrying individuals. We showed extensive acquisition of gene duplicates in Sb genome, with some likely involved in polygyne-related phenotypes. We found 260 genes with differences in copy number between SB and Sb, of which 239 are in greater copy number in Sb. We observed TE accumulation on Sb, likely due to the accumulation of repetitive elements on the non-recombining chromosome. We found a weak correlation between TE copy number and differential expression, suggesting some TEs may still be proliferating in Sb, however many of the duplicated TEs were already silenced. Among the 115 non-TE genes with higher copy in Sb, enzymes responsible for cuticular hydrocarbon synthesis were highly represented. These include a desaturase and an elongase; both potentially responsible for differential queen odor and likely beneficial for polygyne ants. These genes seem to have translocated into the supergene from other chromosomes and proliferated by multiple duplication events. While the presence of transposable elements (TEs) in supergenes is well documented, little is known about duplication of non-TE genes and their possible adaptive role. Overall, our results suggest that gene duplications may be an important factor leading to monogyne and polygyne ant societies.
FIGURE 6 in Histiostoma Blomquisti N. Sp. (Acari: Astigmata: Histiostomatidae), A Phoretic Mite Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - Acarologia, 50(3): 357-371
FIGURE 6: Frequency of H. blomquisti n. sp. deutonymphs phoretic on red imported fire ant alates from a 17-month study in 2004 and 2005.
FIGURE 7 in Histiostoma Blomquisti N. Sp. (Acari: Astigmata: Histiostomatidae), A Phoretic Mite Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - Acarologia, 50(3): 357-371
FIGURE 7: Frequency of H. blomquisti n. sp. Deutonymphs per ant alate (S. invicta, n = 62 female alates) collected in Pineville/LA/USA from a 2 months study in March and April 2009.
Quit bugging me: Phorid fly parasitoids affect expression of an immune gene in foraging fire ant workers
<p>This data contains RT-qPCR and diet measurements for quantifying gene expression of red imported fire ant, <em>Solenopsis invicta </em>workers in the presence and absence of the parasitoid fire ant decapitating fly, <em>Pseudacteon curvatus</em>, and assessing the amount of food after exposure to <em>P. curvatus</em>, respectively. The genes investigated were the <em>Solenopsis invicta</em> <em>foraging gene</em> (<em>Sifor</em>), <em>odorant binding protein 11 </em>(<em>OBP-11</em>), <em>abaecin, defensin-2 </em>(<em>Def-2</em>),<em> cytochrome P450 4C1-like </em>(<em>CYP4C1-like</em>), and <em>hymenoptaecin </em>(<em>hym</em>)<em>. Ribosomal Protein 18</em> (<em>RPL18</em>) was used as the reference gene. These genes of <em>S. invicta</em> workers of unknown infection status in fire ant colonies exposed to decapitating flies and control colonies were observed over a 48-h period. Two diets were measured before and after in control and treatment colonies (i.e., colonies exposed to <em>P. curvatus</em>).</p>
Figure 5 in The History of Little Fire Ant Wasmannia auropunctata Roger in the Hawaiian Islands: Spread, Control, and Local Eradication
Figure 5. Locations of all known sites on Maui infested with Wasmannia auropunctata.
Figure 1 in Field Test for Repellency of Cedarwood Oil and Cedrol to Little Fire Ants
Figure 1. Treated chopstick placement on a macadamia tree branch.
distribution data of Argentine ant and little fire ant
<p>Distribution data of Argentine ant and little fire ant. It's CSV format. It was collected from CABI, GBIF and PIKA.</p>
Data from: Ant abundance in pitfall traps across different fire treatments
<p>Fire is a dominant ecological force shaping many faunal communities globally. Fire affects faunaeither directly, such as by killing individuals, or indirectly, such as by modifying vegetation structure. Vegetation structure itself also modulates fire frequency and intensity. As such, faunal responses to fire need to be seen through the lens of variable fire activity and vegetation structure. Here, we incorporate information on fire activity and vegetation structure to enhance an understanding of the response of ants to long-term (17-year) experimental fire treatments in an extremely fire-prone tropical savanna in northern Australia. A previous analysis revealed limited divergence in ant communities after five years of experimental fire treatment. Hence, we first investigated the extent to which ant communities diverged over a subsequent 12 years of treatment. We then assessed the relative contribution of fire treatment, cumulative fire intensity(fire activity) and woody cover to responses of ant species frequency of occurrence, richness and composition. We found that, even after 17 years, fire treatments explained little variation in any ant response variable. In contrast, woody cover was a strong predictor for all of them, while fire activity was a moderate predictor for abundance and richness. Ant species occurrence and richness increased in open habitats receiving higher levels of fire activity, compared with plots with higher vegetation cover experiencing low (or no) fire activity. Moreover, species composition differed between plots with high and low vegetation cover. Our findings provide experimental support to the principle that the effects of fire on fauna are primarily indirect, via its effect on vegetation structure. Furthermore, our results show that a 'uniform' fire regime does not have uniform impacts on the ant fauna, because of variability imposed by interactions between vegetation structure and fire activity. This helps explain why there is often a weak relationship between pyrodiversity and biodiversity, and it lessens the need for active management of pyrodiversity to maintain biodiversity.</p>
Evaluating control methods for red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) and their effects on hibiscus mealybug (Nipaecoccus viridis) and its natural enemies in citrus
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Data from: Ant abundance in pitfall traps across different fire treatments
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Data from: Colony-level behavioral variation correlates with differences in expression of the foraging gene in red imported fire ants
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Computational exploration of treadmilling and protrusion growth observed in fire ant rafts
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Data from: Ant community and habitat limit colony establishment by the fire ant, Solenopis invicta
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Data from: The fire ant social supergene is characterized by extensive gene and transposable element copy number variation
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Quit bugging me: Phorid fly parasitoids affect expression of an immune gene in foraging fire ant workers
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Data from: Unexpected patterns of segregation distortion at a selfish supergene in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta
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Tree species richness suppresses red imported fire ant invasion in a subtropical plantation forest
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Data from: Genomic signatures of adaptation in native lizards exposed to human-introduced fire ants
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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